谈春繁期间控巢、控温、控蜜粉的原理和应用

<正>《蜂群生物学》(格菲·塔兰诺夫著,江西养蜂研究所编译,1992年1月版)中介绍:1只越过冬的蜂一般只能培育1.12只新蜂,而春天羽化的新蜂至少能培育3.85个后代。初养蜂时,"1孵1,1孵3"的歌诀在口,倒背如流,时长日久不知不觉地进入了以量求量的误区而不能自拔。经验与教训告诉我们,春繁中应用巢控、温控、粉蜜控原理,控数量求高质,量的多少质为先,把提高蜜蜂素质放在首位才能繁好蜂。     

饲用型甜高粱种植中存在的问题及对策

<正>饲用型甜高粱是禾本科高粱属一年生草本植物,是一种新的饲料作物,生物产量高,无氮浸出物一般可达40%~50%,含粗蛋白3%~5%、粗脂肪1%左右、粗纤维30%左右,各种养分含量均优于玉米,含糖量比青饲玉米高2倍,适口性也好,家畜喜食,能有效提高肉、奶的产量和质量,饲喂效果好,是优质的牛羊饲料。同时耐旱、耐盐碱,适应性很强,凡0℃以上、积温达到2 600~4 100℃的区域均可     

重庆邮路口岸违禁邮寄物监管模式及效果

近年来,通过重庆邮路口岸进出境的邮包/快件整体呈现出数量持续增大、种类日益增多、形式千变万化的趋势,这对重庆邮检工作提出了更高要求和更大挑战。本文对近两年重庆邮路口岸截获物数量及疫情检出率两个重要指标,进行了数据统计及风险分析,并在此基础上对邮寄物监管模式进行了一些创新性探索,为进一步提升重庆邮路口岸防止有害生物入侵能力,促进邮检工作的长远发展,提供了科学、有效、实用的借鉴。     

一例羊尿素中毒的诊治体会

<正>尿素中毒是指家畜采食过量尿素引起的以肌肉强直,呼吸困难,循环障碍,新鲜胃内容物有氨气味为特征的一种中毒性疾病。主要发生在反刍动物,多为急性中毒,死亡率很高。1发病情况2014年9月16日下午2时左右,本镇书楼村羊场李老板求诊:"羊场突然死亡12只体重50多斤青年羊,全场羊都发病,还有20多只羊肌肉抽搐、口吐白沫、呼吸困难情况比较严重。"2临床症状及剖检     

叠层闭合法手术治疗猪脐疝

<正>猪脐疝是指腹腔内液或腹腔内容物如肠、肠系膜甚至腹腔脏器通过脐孔落入脐部的疝囊里,造成凸出于正常体表形成疝气。脐疝手术治疗并不困难,但是要提高手术成功率却不容易。本人在临床手术治疗脐疝中曾多次探试采用叠层闭合法治疗猪脐疝,收到一定效果,现简要介绍如下:1发病原因脐疝主要是接产时断脐过短或引发感染,也可以因接产时断脐过长或者没断脐,造成脐带牵拉,使脐孔周围组织撕裂或缺损,影响正常组织闭合形成脐疝,另外还与遗传有相     

养殖场使用兽药原粉与制剂的利弊浅析

定州一位养鸡户饲养的5000只蛋鸡,现200日龄,产蛋率仅达到83%。解剖病死鸡2只,一只腹腔内有一个似大枣状硬硬的团块,将其切开,呈现黄白色干酪样物,且与腹气囊相通;卵巢未发育,输卵管未发育,内有花生粒大小浅黄色干酪样物。另一只鸡输卵管异常增粗,内有大量干酪样块状物占据了整个腹腔。经过询问,该养殖户为了降低养殖成本,经常使用原粉治疗鸡病。该鸡群是发生支原体以及大肠杆菌病后使用原粉时间过长,治疗不彻底造成的输卵管炎后遗症。类似病例在临床上时有发生,对此笔者就兽药原粉的危害和     

奶牛常见胃肠道疾病的原因分析及防治

1食道梗塞奶牛的食道内腔突然被吞食过大的块状饲料堵塞所引起,梗塞发生很突然,患病奶牛食欲废绝,头颈呈现伸直状态、有口水流出、咳嗽,不停的咀嚼,同时表现出不能吞咽的状态,摇头晃脑,惊恐不安。食道梗塞有食道前部与胸部食道阻塞两种。从口中取出阻塞物的方法,即将阻塞物向口腔推压,然后用手从口腔中取出阻塞物。将阻塞物送入法,即用食道探子把胸部食道阻塞物向下推送入胃内。打气法是将胃导管插入患牛的食道里面,然     

Effect of Nutrient Restriction and Compensation on Weight,Serum Indexes and Gene Expression of Chest Fat Adipokines in Mongolian Lamb

To study the effect of nutrient restriction and compensation on weight,serum indexes and gene expression of chest fat adipokine in Mongolian lamb,thirty male lambs were randomly divided into control group (20.26 kg± 3.63 kg) and feed restricted group (21.29 kg±3.00 kg).The experiment lasted for 120 days,including 60 days for feed restriction and 60 days for compensatory feed.At the end of each stage,five lambs from each group were slaughtered and chest fat was collected.Serum concentration of triglycerides,non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA),total cholesterol were measured.Quantitative Real-time PCR were used to determine Adiponectin,Visfatin,PPAR-γ and ACC genes expression.The results showed that:①The lamb body weight of restricted group kept maintain level and that of control group showed a increase tendency.During the compensatory period,the average daily gain (ADG) of restricted group was significantly higher than control group (P< 0.05).②During the restriction period,serum triglycerides concentration of lambs in restricted group was significantly decreased at day 30 and 60 (P< 0.05),and NEFA concentration was significantly increased at day 30 (P< 0.05).After 60 days of nutritional compensation,all serum parameters we tested were not significantly different between restrict group and control group (P >0.05).③During the restriction period,PPAR-γ and ACC gene expression in restricted group were significantly lower than that of control group (P< 0.05),while no significant differences were found during the compensation period (P>0.05).Adiponectin and Visfatin genes expression in chest fat was not significantly changed throughout the experiment (P >0.05).We could know that nutritional restriction reduced fatty acid synthesis and adipocyte differentiation ability,adipose tissue was mobilized energy metabolism,and total cholesterol was recoveried growth on the compensation.However,the ACC and PPAR-γ genes in restricted group were significantly decreased with the body weight increased rapidly during the compensatory stage.Adiponectin and Visfatin were not significantly different between restricted and compensatory stages.     

肉桂枝枯病作为检疫性有害生物的风险评估

通过定性因素和定量指标体系相结合的方法对肉桂枝枯病进行评估，其属于中度危险性的林业有害生物，建议加强肉桂产地疫情的监测，防止病害的自然传播。将肉桂枝枯病的传播媒介肉桂泡盾盲蝽列为地方补充林业检疫性有害生物，加强检疫监管，防止人为传播。     

壳聚糖金属配合物的防腐性能

壳聚糖金属聚合物 [如壳聚糖铜聚合物 (CCC)和壳聚糖锌配合物 (CZC) ]是壳聚糖和金属盐类反应生成的一种新型有机高分子聚合物。用CCC和CZC与铜铬砷 (CCA)分别处理马尾松和毛白杨边材 ,进行木材防腐试验 ,结果表明 :CCC和CZC对褐腐菌棉腐卧孔菌的防腐性能与CCA相比 ,CZC达到最耐腐等级 ,防腐效果接近CCA ,其锌离子临界保持量为 0 780kg·m- 3(腐朽后质量损失 1 18% ) ,但CCC防褐腐效果明显不如CZC ;CCC对白腐菌彩绒革盖菌的防腐性能达到最耐腐等级 ,防腐效果接近CCA ,其铜离子临界保持量为 0 82 4kg·m- 3(腐朽后质量损失2 4 5 % ) ;CZC和氯化锌对白腐菌的防腐效果不明显。