李品种经济性状模糊综合评判

在相同的立地条件下，对收集引进的李优良品种进行性状对比研究。根据树体生长量、果实品质、产量、成熟期和花粉等１２个重要性状表现，对品种综合性状的优劣进行了模糊综合评判。结果：早黄李表现最优，其次为红心李，金沙李和海里红表现一般，玫瑰李和本地紫李表现较差     

郑州西南绕城高速公路不同时期生态系统服务价值研究

根据黄土沟壑地带高速公路建设不同时期生态系统特征和生态服务功能的内涵,选择了水土保持、固定CO2、释放O2、滞尘、吸收有害气体、营养元素循环等指标,采用物质量和价值量相结合的评价方法,使用市场价值法、影子工程法、生产成本法、机会成本法研究了郑州西南绕城高速公路不同时期生态系统服务功能经济价值。结果表明:研究区建设前农业生态系统服务功能价值平均每年为424.2万元,建设期间为197.5万元,生态防护后为484.6万元。生态防护前后生态服务价值的差异极为显著,防护后生态服务价值超过原农业生态系统价值。     

农用地分等定级估价数据共享系统原型设计与实现

农用地分等定级估价成果在土地管理中具有广泛的应用前景,促进了土地管理由"数量管理"向"数量和质量并重管理"的转变.农用地分等定级估价数据具有数据量大,数据格式多样、数据存储分散、成果数据地域特征明显,数据生产、维护和使用缺乏统一管理等特点,因此数据共享困难.为此,对农用地分等定级估价数据共享系统进行了设计.设计实现了在分布式异构网络环境下,以元数据为核心,统一管理数据资源的农用地分等定级估价数据共享系统原型.系统原型是建立在.Net Framework的N层分布式技术、.Net Remoting技术、Xml Web Service技术基础上,具有易于使用、维护、升级等特点.     

Feral swine management for conservation of an imperiled wetland habitat: Florida’s vanishing seepage slopes

Only 1% of the original extent of Florida’s seepage slope habitat remains, with Eglin Air Force Base containing some of the largest tracts. Feral swine damage is one of the greatest threats to this wetland habitat. We conducted a multi-year study to evaluate the impacts of sport hunting and supplemental swine removal on damage to seepage slopes. Prior to initiation of removal in 2003, swine damage to seepage slopes in the portion of the base closed to hunting averaged 25.0%, over twice the 10.9% losses in the portion open to hunting. After less than one year of supplemental removal, damage in the closed-to-hunting area dropped to 7.2%. Although supplemental removal was not applied in the open hunting area, damage dropped significantly to 5.6%, statistically indistinguishable from the swine-controlled (closed) portion. After another year of removal, average damage in the closed hunting area dropped further to 5.6%, while the open hunting area dropped to 4.3%, again statistically indistinguishable. Even though removal was only applied to the area closed to hunting, it also produced damage reductions in the open hunting area, as swine were free to move among areas. Declines in damage following implementation of removal corresponded with large drops in swine population indices for the base. Economic valuations of seepage slope damage losses demonstrated substantial benefit-cost ratios for application of removal. Prior to removal, the combined value of swine damage to seepage slopes in areas open and closed to hunting was estimated at $5.3 million. After only 1.7 years of removal, the value of damage losses was reduced by nearly $4 million to $1.5 million. The benefit-cost ratio over the 1.7 years of removal was an impressive 27.5. Moreover, the economic benefits of removal exceeded the costs 55.2-fold for the first year, when management impact would be greatest.     

The potential contribution of ecotourism to African wild dog Lycaon pictus conservation in South Africa

African wild dogs are endangered, and in South Africa as elsewhere, they inhabit a fraction of their former range. In this study, we assessed the potential for economic benefits derived from ecotourism to offset the costs of three wild dog conservation options using a contingent valuation study of the willingness of visitors to four protected areas to pay to see wild dogs at the den - within a viable population in a large protected area (Kruger National Park), through reintroduction into nature reserves, and through the conservation of wild dogs occurring on ranchland in situ. Results indicated that tourism revenue from wild dogs in large protected areas is more than sufficient to offset the costs and could potentially be used to subsidise wild dog reintroductions or the conservation of wild dogs in situ on ranchland. On ranchland and for reintroductions, tourism revenue was generally predicted to offset most of the costs of conserving wild dogs where predation costs are low, and to exceed the costs where willingness to pay is high, and/or where the costs of predation by wild dogs are zero. Conservation efforts should facilitate the derivation of eco-tourism-related benefits from wild dogs on ranchland and in private reserves to create incentives for wild dog conservation. Ecotourism should be part of a multifaceted approach to wild dog conservation which also includes education and awareness campaigns, and efforts to encourage landowners to cooperate to form conservancies.     

“农业血防”管理技术经济指标体系研究

农业血吸虫病防治(简称“农业血防”)是近年来出现的一个综合性概念,提高农业血防的管理水平,需要采用相应的技术经济指标来进行衡量。据管理科研实践,设计出五类:1)血吸虫病流行与防治情况的技术效果指标;2)动物血吸虫病防治情况的技术效果指标;3)改变钉螺(血吸虫病源中间寄主)生存环境或阻断疫源传播渠道而兴建农业工程项目的投资效果指标;4)有螺地带资源利用的经济效果指标;5)农业血防科技费用支出的经济效果指标;共70余项具体指标组成。应用表明,既可度量管理效果与防治技术经济效果,又可揭示取得效果原因,且有助于进行宏观管理分析及技术经济评价。     

房地产评估方法探讨

农业经济及管理专业王忠贤教授王忠贤教授，男，汉族，１９３８年９月生于甘肃省正宁县．九三学社成员，１９６１年毕业于西北农学院农业经济系，毕业后任教至今．期间曾任经济管理教研室主任、农业部经管总站西北农大经营服务中心副主任。现任农业经济研究所所长、中国农村企业管理研究会常务理事、政协陕西省委员会委员。在教学方面，王教授为本科生主要讲授《管理学原理》、《农业企业经营管理学》、《农业机械化经济管理》；为研究生讲授《经管专题》、《现代工业企业管理》和《宏观经济学》．从１９８６年开始，先后指导１５名硕士研究…     

生态系统服务功能价值评估困境的经济学成因分析

结合经济学理论,详细分析了生态系统服务功能价值评估面临的困境及其原因,为生态系统服务功能价值科学评估提供了理论分析基础。     

城市大气环境质量评价管理信息系统研究

应用V isual FoxP ro 6.0的数据库功能,基于W indow s98/2000/m e/xp/NT平台开发的实用性较强的应用程序,具有数据录入、污染因子分析评价、数据查询、数据管理、报表输出等功能。     

长江口九段沙湿地的鱼类资源及其保护价值

九段沙湿地是长江口新生成的沙洲，有鱼类128种，分隶于18目48科。其中河口性和近海性鱼类各约占l／3，淡水鱼类l／5，沿岸性和江海洄游鱼类各约占l／10。鱼类区系处于长江下游至东海的过度类型。在这些鱼类中，成鱼体长不足20cm的小型鱼类约占总数的l／4；体长超过50cm的大型鱼类只约占l／10，中型鱼类超过3／5。几乎没有以浮游植物为主食的鱼类，凶猛鱼类也仅几种，大多数以底栖生物、有机碎屑或浮游动物为主食。除河口和洄游性鱼类，其他生态类群的出现有明显季节性。九段沙鱼类不仅具有很强的物种多样性、河口代表性和生态类群多样性，还包含着5种国家级保护动物。保护所产生的感染力，不仅局限于长江河口本身，还影响到整个长江以及东海北部和黄海南部沿海的鱼类资源。