晋西黄土区土壤水分时空分布规律

通过对山西省吉县蔡家川小流域坡面25个样点土壤水分的测定（烘干法）,采用地统计学方法研究了晋西黄土区坡面土壤水分时空变异规律。研究结果表明,理论变异函数模型很好地反映了晋西黄土区坡面土壤水分的空间结构特性。不同坡向的土壤水分具有强烈和中等的空间自相关,这意味着土壤水分在坡面尺度上具有明显的空间自相关。这一点也可以从分维数的大小得到验证。通过运用地统计学方法对土壤水分的分布进行分析,为研究晋西黄土区土壤水分时空分布规律提出了新的研究思路。     

地下滴灌系统施肥灌溉均匀性的田间试验评估

该文对影响地下滴灌系统性能的两个重要因素施肥装置类型和滴灌带埋深进行了田间评估.施肥装置包括国内外常用的压差式施肥罐、文丘里施肥器和比例施肥泵三种类型,滴灌带埋深包括0、15和30 cm 3个水平.结果表明,滴灌带埋深与施肥装置类型对滴头流量和灌水量均匀性的影响均未达到显著性水平(a=0.05),而施肥装置类型对施肥量均匀性的影响达到极显著水平(a=0.01).对给定的毛管埋深而言,压差式施肥罐的施肥量变差系数高于比例施肥泵和文丘里施肥器.对不同施肥装置的施肥量变差系数与灌水量变差系数之间关系的回归分析结果指出,比例施肥泵和文丘里施肥器的施肥量变差系数与灌水量的变差系数相当,但压差式施肥罐的施肥量变差系数比灌水量变差系数大40%左右.因此在进行微灌系统设计时应将施肥装置类型和性能作为一个因素加以考虑,并宜优先选用输出肥液浓度恒定的施肥装置.     

The dreaded shoeing prescription thumbtacked to the boarder barn bulletin board

Veterinarian/farrier/owner communication can be difficult in a given lameness case. A small group of veterinarians and farriers discussed the factors complicating this communication. Specific definition of roles; professional respect; differences in required education; distance and driving to horse, fees, and licensure requirements were cited as the primary complicating factors. In conclusion, the group suggested the ideal communication for a specific lameness case was for the veterinarian, farrier, and owner to be present when shoeing was being planned. A telephone call would be second in preference and a written case summary was the third choice. There are suggestions on how to formulate the written summary.     

FAM3C activates Akt to promote viability of oral squamous-cell carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate the expression and roles of family with sequence similarity 3, member C (FAM3C) in oral squamous-cell carcinoma cells. METHODS: The mRNA and protein expression levels of FAM3C in dysplastic oral keratinocyte (DOK) and oral squamous-cell carcinoma WSU-HN6 cells were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The WSU-HN6 cells were treated with siFAM3C or FAM3C antibody. After 24, 48 and 72 h, the viability of WSU-HN6 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay, and the activation of protein kinase B (Akt) was detected by Western blot. Adenovirus was used to mediate over-expression of FAM3C in the DOK cells. The DOK cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay after adenovirus infection for 24, 48 and 72 h, and the activation of Akt was detected by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with the DOK cells, the mRNA and protein levels of FAM3C were significantly increased in the WSU-HN6 cells (P<0.05). The viability of WSU-HN6 cells transfected with siFAM3C was significantly inhibited at 48 h and 72 h (P<0.05). siFAM3C treatment inhibited the activation of Akt (P<0.05). FAM3C antibody treatment also suppressed the viability of the WSU-HN6 cells at 48 h and 72 h and the activation of Akt (P<0.05). Over-expression of FAM3C in the DOK cells promoted the cell viability at 48 h and 72 h and activated Akt (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: FAM3C might promote oral squamous-cell carcinoma cell growth by activating Akt.     

基于粒子群算法优化BP神经网络的土壤含水量短期预测模型

为提高土壤含水量预测精度,基于物联网监测数据,提出了粒子群算法(PSO)优化BP神经网络的土壤含水量预测方法。首先应用主成分分析法筛选出影响土壤含水量的关键影响因子,然后构建8-5-1的BP神经网络拓扑结构,应用粒子群算法优化BP神经网络的初始权值和阈值。结果表明:与传统BP神经网络相比,新模型优化了网络结构,避免了陷入局部最优解,具有良好的预测效果;模型的评价指标平均绝对误差、平均绝对百分误差、误差均方根分别为0.259 2、0.010 5和0.135 6,与单一BP神经网络相比,预测精度更高,可满足实际的土壤含水量预测的需要。     

芜湖市5所公园地被植物应用状况分析

为进一步明确地被植物在城市公园中的景观应用,采用实地调研的方法,记录并分析安徽省芜湖市内的赭山公园、镜湖公园、九莲塘公园、滨江公园（一期）和雕塑公园的地被植物应用状况。结果显示,5所公园常用地被植物共有94种,其中草本41种、木本53种,麦冬等7种草本及洒金桃叶珊瑚等32种木本地被植物应用最多;各公园的滨水区域地被植物应用各具特色,常应用迎春花、火棘等地被植物作为衔接。笔者就芜湖市公园地被植物应用方面提出了思考与建议,为城市公园地被植物应用提供参考。     

黔金丝猴（Rhinopithecus brelichi）雪季地表食物利用

2012年1月至3月，本研究采用粪便分析法对黔金丝猴冬季的食物利用进行了调查研究。结果表明在此期间黔金丝猴采食植物部位有嫩枝、树芽、叶片、花、树皮以及果实和种子，食物种类较多。其中，地表灌木层木姜子属（Litse asp．）的嫩枝是黔金丝猴取食较多的采食对象。本次研究也首次发现黔金丝猴食用地面上的四照花果实。我们推测黔金丝猴利用落地果实的现象可能是该物种对温带森林中高质量食物果实和种子利用最大化的一种适应。建议在温带灵长类生态行为研究中，加强对落地果实、矮小灌木和草本植物等猴群食源植物的监测，以期精确地探讨物种的食性以及对环境的适应。     

Modeling and implementing the use of aeration to increase water temperature and dissolved oxygen in greenhouse aquaculture cages

In this study, an unique bamboo floating cage was built in order to heat the water used for rearing Nile tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus x O. niloticus) and climbing perch (Anabas testudineus, Bloch) in Northern Thailand during the colder rainy and winter seasons. This special greenhouse fish cage (SGFC) was covered with polyethylene to heat the surface air with solar energy, and insulated to prevent heat loss. The water temperature at depths of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.8 m was modeled and measured. In various trials, the cages were aerated with and without heated air from the surface. It was found that the thermal efficiency of the SGFC integrated with hot air aeration at a water depth of 0.80 m was 32.65 %. Throughout the day, the average water temperature was 31.82 ± 0.68 °C, which was 0.76 °C higher than the water temperature outside the experiment, and the amount of oxygen in the water of 11.35 ± 0.13 mg/l. The SGFC can produce one extra fish harvest per year when compared with regular fish cages. Development equations to describe the thermal model were used for predicting the water temperature in the SGFC and thus validating the model. Moreover, the economic analysis of the SGFC found that the payback period was one year, seven months and fourteen days.     

区域绿地主要生态功能研究进展

区域绿地是生态系统的重要组成部分,通过保护一定比例的生态用地,在保障区域生态安全、改善环境质量等方面发挥重要作用。与城市绿地相对,区域绿地一般位于城市建成区外围,具有重大自然价值和区域性影响力,包括重要生态功能区、具有生态调节功能区的绿地等5大类。研究综述了区域绿地在空气污染削减、水土保持和生物多样性保护等三大主要生态功能的研究现状及发展趋势。由于人们对区域绿地复杂结构、生态功能和生态过程之间缺乏明确的认识,建议在识别不同时空尺度下权衡区域绿地特征、探讨景观格局与生态过程的耦合机制及科学评价区域绿地生态功能等方面进一步深化研究。     

基于AHP法的大口径PCCP管道断丝安全风险管理

如何有效地对大口径PCCP管道断丝后管道结构的安全进行合理地评价,以便采取积极有效的维修措施,是减少南水北调大口径PCCP管道运营期间断丝安全风险的有效途径。提出利用层次分析方法(AHP)建立PCCP管道安全风险层次分析数学评价模型,对影响南水北调地下大口径PCCP管道断丝的各种可能因素进行专家打分,同时,通过数值模拟计算,建立PCCP管道安全失效的判断准则及判断标准,实现大口径PCCP管道安全风险评价的定量化。在此基础上,开发出一款专门针对南水北调中线PCCP管道工程安全运行风险实时监测的管理软件。该软件系统采用自动化实时监测技术和基于Web-GIS的风险管理系统。该系统能完成监测数据的实时采集、数据档案的电子化管理以及安全风险的动态评估与预警预报。