鲜食葡萄袋中袋包装装置设计与试验

为解决鲜食葡萄采摘、收集和运输过程中的损伤问题，设计了鲜食葡萄袋中袋包装装置，采摘作业时与机械臂协同工作，通过袋中袋包装避免损伤，包装完成后葡萄可直接落入收集筐，提高鲜食葡萄机械采收效率。首先，基于葡萄表面硬度、质量损失率、表面破裂指数和穿刺破裂力等损伤指标，确定袋中袋包装装置最佳充气气压为4kPa，通过撑袋过程袋中袋受力分析与袋口形状分析，确定吸盘直径、撑袋距离和同侧吸盘距离为30、125、95mm；然后，建立葡萄果实图像大小与充气时间关系模型，自动调节充气时间，保证不同大小的葡萄在充气包装完毕后都能达到最优的保护效果。最后，以巨峰葡萄为试验对象，试验结果表明无损收集成功率为95%，平均包装时长为28.4s，最大气压偏差为0.2kPa，平均气压偏差率为1.1%，平均损伤破裂率为1.5%，平均脱粒率为0.2%，包装效率为126串/h。袋中袋包装装置作业性能稳定，鲜食葡萄无损包装成功率高，避免了损伤，确保了新鲜度，提高了采摘收集效率。     

食品智能包装的研究热点、应用现状及展望

分别利用中国知网(CNKI)和Science Direct(SD)搜索平台进行文献计量分析,采用国家知识产权局专利检索与分析平台检索分析专利授权情况,采用微软Bing搜索国际版搜索引擎搜集智能包装技术与产品,并进行归纳及整理,以追踪相关科学研究热点,分析相关产品的应用现状和发展方向。发现近二十年来,关于包装专用新型功能材料研究文献量最大;而知识产权方面,信息型智能包装授权明显高于其他类型,生产中应用也较多,是未来包装技术发展方向。     

MAP保鲜去壳雷竹笋最初研究

采用不同包装材料和充气比例,通过L9(34)正交试验研究去壳雷竹笋在超市货架温度下感官品质、褐变指数和货架期。极差分析表明,去壳雷竹笋贮藏最佳MAP条件为:0.04mm厚PE袋,O22%和CO25%。     

Pre-harvest calcium application increases biomass and delays senescence of broccoli microgreens

Microgreen consumption has been steadily increasing in recent years due to consumer awareness of their unique color, rich flavor, and concentrated bioactive compounds. However, industrial production and marketing is limited by their short shelf-life associated with rapid deterioration in product quality. This study investigated the effect of pre-harvest calcium application on the post-harvest quality and shelf-life of broccoli microgreens. Broccoli microgreen seedlings were sprayed daily with calcium chloride at concentrations of 1, 10 and 20 mM, or water (control) for 10 days. The fresh-cut microgreens were packaged in sealed polyethylene film bags. Package headspace atmospheric conditions, overall visual quality and tissue membrane integrity were evaluated on days 0, 7, 14, and 21, during 5 °C storage. Results indicated that the 10 mM calcium chloride treatment increased the biomass by more than 50%, and tripled the calcium content as compared to the water-treated controls. Microgreens treated with 10 mM calcium chloride spray exhibited higher superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities, lower tissue electrolyte leakage, improved overall visual quality, and reduced microbial growth during storage. Furthermore, calcium treatment significantly affected expression of the senescence-associated genes BoSAG12, BoGPX6, BoCAT3 and BoSAG12. These results provide important information for commercial growers to enhance productivity and improve postharvest quality and shelf-life, potentially enabling a broadening of the retail marketing of broccoli microgreens.     

Changes in antioxidant activity and postharvest quality of sweet pomegranates cv. Hicrannar under modified atmosphere packaging

The effects of different modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on antioxidant compounds and storage quality of ‘Hicrannar’ sweet pomegranates were investigated during long term storage. Pomegranates were harvested at the commercial harvest stage and packed in two different types of MAP (MAP1 and MAP2). After packaging, all fruit were stored at 6 °C and 90–95% RH for 120 days, then removed from storage for different quality analyses. Some fruit were kept at 20 °C for 3 days to simulate a period of shelf-life. Fruit weight loss, decay index, skin color, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids content, total phenolics, total anthocyanins and antioxidant activity were determined. Internal atmospheres created by the MAP were periodically assessed during cold storage, and CO₂ concentrations increased and O₂ concentrations decreased inside the MAP. MAP significantly reduced weight loss after both 120 days of cold storage and shelf-life. MAP2 was the most effective packaging in reducing weight loss. Storage of pomegranates in MAP also reduced decay and the decay index, and maintained visual appearance compared to control fruit. During storage, a decrease in L* and C* values and an increase in h° values were observed in all treatments. However, fruit stored in MAP2 had higher L*, C* and lower h° values than in other treatments. Titratable acidity and total soluble solids decreased after cold storage and shelf-life, and no significant differences among treatments were found. Total phenolics, total anthocyanin contents and antioxidant activity increased during the storage period in control fruit.     

贮藏容器与包装材料对百香果常温贮藏品质的影响

为寻找适宜百香果生产应用的贮藏容器和包装材料,比较了塑料筐、泡沫箱、纸箱3种贮藏容器及PE自封袋、网面袋、单层纸、OPP自封袋和气泡袋5种包装材料对百香果贮藏品质的影响。结果表明：塑料筐贮藏的果实失重率最高,皱缩速度最快,泡沫箱失重率最低,皱缩速度最慢;泡沫箱和纸箱的着色指数（CI）值显著高于塑料筐（P<0.05）。贮藏期间,PE自封袋、OPP自封袋和气泡袋贮藏的果实失重率显著低于CK、网面袋和单层纸（P<0.05）,贮藏后期网面袋和OPP自封袋的CI值显著高于CK、PE自封袋和单层纸（P<0.05）,PE自封袋贮藏的果实TA含量下降缓慢,贮藏后期显著高于其他5个处理组。综上所述,泡沫箱有利于百香果的保水和转色,PE自封袋包装的百香果保水效果最好,转色最慢,果实后熟最慢。