番茄早疫病菌对杀菌剂的敏感性研究

为了选择可有效防治番茄早疫病菌的杀菌剂,本文采用组织分离法从罹病叶片分离出病原菌,并通过FAO推荐的菌落直径法测定其对6种杀菌剂的敏感性。结果表明:番茄早疫病对腐霉利最敏感,其平均EC50为1.24μg.mL-1,对杀毒矾、代森锰锌中度敏感,其平均EC50分别为32.64μg.mL-1、56.38μg.mL-1。对百菌清、甲霜灵、异菌脲低度敏感,其平均EC50分别为263.68μg.mL-1、443.33μg.mL-1、605.44μg.mL-1。由此可见,腐霉利对番茄早疫病的防治在试验药剂中效果最好。     

核盘菌对几种杀菌剂的敏感性研究

为了选择防治菌核病的有效药剂,采用FAO推荐的菌落直径法研究了常用杀菌剂对核盘菌敏感性的差异。结果表明:山西五寨菌株WZ2对腐霉利、多菌灵、菌核净、福美双、乙霉威、乙烯菌核利高度敏感(EC50在0.117 0~4.965 4μg.mL-1之间);对异菌脲中度敏感(EC50为5.069 0μg.mL-1);对代森锰锌和百菌清最不敏感(EC50为20.760 0,32.107 6μg.mL-1)。内蒙古菌株NM15和NM17均对腐霉利、多菌灵、菌核净、福美双、乙烯菌核利高度敏感(EC50在0.064 0~3.059 0μg.mL-1);对乙霉威、异菌脲中度敏感(EC50为7.330 7~13.823 4μg.mL-1之间);对代森锰锌最不敏感(EC50分别为37.645 3,42.303 0μg.mL-1)。另外,菌株NM15对百菌清高度敏感(EC50为2.104 8μg.mL-1),而NM17则对百菌清中度敏感(EC50为11.777 9μg.mL-1)。并且这三个菌株对腐霉利、百菌清的敏感性差异较大,而对其他药剂的敏感性差异不大。     

盾壳霉与木霉混合液对几种蔬菜生长的影响

用盾壳霉孢子液、木霉孢子液及盾壳霉与木霉的混合孢子悬浮液浸种,在同样培养条件下,研究它们对几种植物种子萌发率及胚轴、胚根生长的影响。结果表明:混合孢子悬浮液对黄瓜种子的萌发有抑制作用;对油菜种子的萌发有促进作用;对西红柿、白菜种子的萌发则无明显的促进作用。混合孢子悬浮液对油菜种子的胚根、黄瓜种子的胚轴的生长有明显的促进作用;对白菜种子的胚轴和胚根、西红柿种子的胚轴、黄瓜种子的胚根的生长无促进作用;对油菜种子胚轴、西红柿种子胚根生长有较好的促进作用。     

LP3,LP5杆菌的防病作用及其对梨幼苗的促生效应

测定了内生芽孢杆菌LP3,LP5菌株对梨采收后果黑斑病的预防和治疗效果,并通过盆栽试验分析了这2个菌株对梨幼苗的促生效应。结果表明,LP3,LP5对9种病原菌的抑制率分别在42.3%～87.3%和45.6%～92.6%之间;其对梨黑斑病兼具预防和治疗作用,经LP3,LP5发酵液处理的梨果接病菌5 d后,防效分别为81.53%,88.92%;LP3,LP5处理病果3 d后,病斑扩展抑制率分别达65.64%和72.48%;LP3,LP5能促进梨树幼苗的生长,经这2个菌株处理的梨树幼苗初生枝长度分别比对照提高了50.48%和21.83%,鲜质量分别比对照增加35.67%,31.16%,干质量分别比对照增加29.24%,20.75%。     

盾壳霉发酵物对几种作物生长的影响

对盾壳霉进行固体发酵,研究盾壳霉斜面培养孢子液和固体发酵物滤液浸种对几种作物种子萌发及胚根、胚轴生长的影响。结果表明,盾壳霉孢子液和滤液浸种对莴苣种子的萌发有促进作用,而对其他作物没有促进作用;孢子液对黄瓜、油菜、莴苣的胚根生长,以及黄瓜、莴苣的胚轴生长有促进作用;滤液对油菜、莴苣的胚根生长和黄瓜、向日葵的胚轴生长有促进作用。     

番茄早疫病菌抗腐霉利突变体的生物学及生理生化特性研究

生物学生理生化特性研究表明,抗药突变体与亲本敏感菌株对pH值的要求略有差别,并且,在不同PH值条件下,亲本菌株都比突变体生长速度快;二者在不同温度下生长情况也有差别。通过生物学测定抗药突变体与亲本敏感菌株的相对电导率,发现抗药突变体能在更短的时间内渗出更多的电解质。此外,抗药突变体的苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性比敏感亲本菌株高,当用不同浓度腐霉利处理或饥饿处理时,抗药突变体与敏感亲本菌株PAL活性均上升,但抗药突变体的酶活性始终高于敏感亲本菌株。     

刺槐蚜对常用杀虫剂的敏感性研究

采用微量点滴法测定了山西省晋中地区刺槐蚜Aphis robiniae Macchiati种群对常用10种杀虫剂的敏感性.以LD50值为标准进行比较,刺槐蚜对供试杀虫剂的敏感性依次为:甲维盐>氯氟氰菊酯>高效氯氰菊酯>啶虫脒>阿维菌素>联苯菊酯>丁硫克百威>灭多威>辛硫磷>敌敌畏.其中对甲维盐的敏感性最高,LD50值(μg/头)为0.000 029;其次为氯氟氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯,其LD50值分别为0.000 401和0.000 544;对有机磷类药剂的敏感性最低,辛硫磷、敌敌畏的LD50值分别为0.004 89和0.010 3.根据试验结果提出治理对策.     

番茄内生细菌的分离及其促生活性研究

[目的]探讨番茄内生细菌的促生活性。[方法]从番茄的不同组织内分离内生细菌,研究其对番茄种子萌发及幼苗生长的促生作用,并对具有促生活性的细菌进行初步鉴定。[结果]从番茄的根和茎中共分离出59株内生细菌,其中4株对番茄种子的萌芽及幼苗生长有显著的促生作用,具有一定的促生潜能。[结论]从番茄植株体内筛选到具有促生活性的内生细菌,为开发和利用促生细菌提供了良好的基础。     

番茄内生细菌的分离及其促生活性研究(英文)

[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the growth-promoting activities of endophytic bacteria from tomato plants.[Method]The endophytic bacteria isolated from different tissues of tomato plants were analyzed for the effects of their growth-promoting activities on the germination and growth of tomato plants.The bacteria with growth-promoting activity were preliminarily identified.[Result]Totally 59 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from roots and stems of tomatoes,of which 4 showed significantly growth-promoting activity to germination and growth of tomato.The results suggest that these strains are endowed with the potential capability of growth-promoting.[Conclusion]The endophytic bacteria with growth-promoting activity were found among the isolates from tomato plants.This provided a good foundation for utilization of these bacteria with growth-promoting activity.     

番茄内生细菌的分离及其促生活性研究(英文)

[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the growth-promoting activities of endophytic bacteria from tomato plants.[Method]The endophytic bacteria isolated from different tissues of tomato plants were analyzed for the effects of their growth-promoting activities on the germination and growth of tomato plants.The bacteria with growth-promoting activity were preliminarily identified.[Result]Totally 59 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from roots and stems of tomatoes,of which 4 showed significantly growth-promoting activity to germination and growth of tomato.The results suggest that these strains are endowed with the potential capability of growth-promoting.[Conclusion]The endophytic bacteria with growth-promoting activity were found among the isolates from tomato plants.This provided a good foundation for utilization of these bacteria with growth-promoting activity.