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41.
Taste-active components in a Vietnamese fish sauce 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
JUNG-NIM PARK TAKEHIKO WATANABE KEN-ICHI ENDOH KATSUKO WATANABE HIROKI ABE 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(4):913-920
Taste-active components were determined for a typical first-grade Vietnamese fish sauce Nuoc mam , of which total content of extractive compounds reached as high as 20 g/ 100 mL. A complete synthetic extract prepared from 35 compounds according to the analytical data reproduced almost satisfactorily the taste of the original fish sauce. From the synthetic extract, 11 compounds were identified to be the taste-active components by a series of omission and addition tests. The components consisted of glutamic and aspartic acids, threonine, alanine, valine, histidine, proline, tyrosine, cystine, methionine, and pyroglutamic acid. The most effective compound for recreating the characteristic flavor of fish sauce was glutamic acid, followed by pyroglutamic acid and alanine. Many of these components contribute to umami, sweetness, and overall taste of fish sauce. Even though the simplified 11-component extract reproduced the taste of fish sauce, the taste strength was weaker than that of the complete synthetic extract or fish sauce itself. 相似文献
42.
Evidence of a local spawning site of marine eels along northeastern Japan, based on the distribution of small leptocephali 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
YOBUO KIMURA MICHAEL J. MILLER GEN MINAGAWA SHUN WATANABE AKIRA SHINODA JUN AOYAMA TADASHI INAGAKI KATSUMI TSUKAMOTO 《Fisheries Oceanography》2006,15(2):183-190
Evidence of recent spawning by several species of marine eels of the families Congridae, Ophichthidae, and Nettastomatidae was found over the continental shelf along the coast of northeastern Japan in October 2003. Sixty‐three leptocephali of at least three taxa that ranged from 3.8 to 12.3 mm total length were collected in a relatively small area, just to the south of Cape Shioya, primarily over the 100‐and 200‐m‐depth contours. The leptocephali of Gnathophis nystromi nystromi were the most abundant, followed by those of G. nystromi ginanago. This spawning area is located in an area that appeared to include water originating from the Tsugaru Warm Current and is further south than the typical latitude of the cold water of the Oyashio First Intrusion. These findings suggest that some species of marine eels may not migrate past the slope to spawn, and that the oceanographic features of the region may provide favorable conditions for the growth and retention of leptocephali in the area to the south of Cape Shioya. 相似文献
43.
Abstract. Growth and survival were compared among uniform- and mixed-age groups of Florida red tilapia fry during sex reversal in brackishwater (12ppt) tanks, under commercial-scale hatchery conditions. Three treatment groups of post-yolksac (i.e. free-swimming) stage fry of different age compositions were compared: (1) 100% fry collected at the free-swimming stage (FSF); (2) 100% fry obtained through artificial incubation of eggs and non-swimming sacfry (ENS); and (3) a mixed group consisting of 50% of each type (FSF+ENS). Fry were stocked into 530–1 cylindroconical tanks at a density of seven fish/l (3700/tank) and reared on an androgen-treated diet for 30 days. While specific growth rates (range = 17·1–17·8% body weight/day) did not differ (P > 0·05) among treatments, significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed for survival and feed conversion ratio (FCR). ENS showed highest survival (76·8%) and lowest FCR (1·14), FSF showed intermediate survival (59·2%) and FCR(l·33), while the mixed-age group (FSF+ENS) showed lowest survival (38·5%) and highest FCR (1·70). Under all treatments, a majority of fry losses were attributed to cannibalism. A highly significant ( P < 0·001) negative regression between survival and coefficient of variation of initial weights (CV = SD/) indicated that cannibalism was reduced by minimizing age/size variation at stocking. The CV of initial weight may be a useful parameter for predicting fry survival under intensive tank culture. 相似文献
44.
Kazuhiro UMEYAMA Kasumi HONDA Hitomi MATSUNARI Kazuaki NAKANO Tatsuro HIDAKA Keito SEKIGUCHI Hironori MOCHIZUKI Yasuhiro TAKEUCHI Tsukasa FUJIWARA Masahito WATANABE Masaki NAGAYA Hiroshi NAGASHIMA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(6):599-603
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a useful technique for creating pig strains
that model human diseases. However, production of numerous cloned disease model pigs
by SCNT for large-scale experiments is impractical due to its complexity and
inefficiency. In the present study, we aimed to establish an efficient procedure for
proliferating the diabetes model pig carrying the mutant human hepatocyte nuclear
factor-1α gene. A founder diabetes transgenic cloned pig was generated by SCNT and
treated with insulin to allow for normal growth to maturity, at which point
epididymal sperm could be collected for cryopreservation. In vitro
fertilization and intrafallopian insemination using the cryopreserved epididymal
sperm resulted in diabetes model transgenic offspring. These results suggest that
artificial reproductive technology using cryopreserved epididymal sperm could be a
practical option for proliferation of genetically modified disease model pigs. 相似文献
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48.
Hitomi MATSUNARI Toshihiro KOBAYASHI Masahito WATANABE Kazuhiro UMEYAMA Kazuaki NAKANO Takahiro KANAI Taisuke MATSUDA Masaki NAGAYA Manami HARA Hiromitsu NAKAUCHI Hiroshi NAGASHIMA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(3):230-237
The development and regeneration of the pancreas is of considerable interest because of the role of these processes in
pancreatic diseases, such as diabetes. Here, we sought to develop a large animal model in which the pancreatic cell lineage
could be tracked. The pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (Pdx1) gene promoter was conjugated to Venus, a
green fluorescent protein, and introduced into 370 in vitro-matured porcine oocytes by intracytoplasmic
sperm injection-mediated gene transfer. These oocytes were transferred into four recipient gilts, all of which became
pregnant. Three gilts were sacrificed at 47–65 days of gestation, and the fourth was allowed to farrow. Seven of 16 fetuses
obtained were transgenic (Tg) and exhibited pancreas-specific green fluorescence. The fourth recipient gilt produced a litter
of six piglets, two of which were Tg. The founder Tg offspring matured normally and produced healthy first-generation (G1)
progeny. A postweaning autopsy of four 27-day-old G1 Tg piglets confirmed the pancreas-specific Venus expression.
Immunostaining of the pancreatic tissue indicated the transgene was expressed in β-cells. Pancreatic islets from Tg pigs were
transplanted under the renal capsules of NOD/SCID mice and expressed fluorescence up to one month after transplantation. Tg
G1 pigs developed normally and had blood glucose levels within the normal range. Insulin levels before and after sexual
maturity were within normal ranges, as were other blood biochemistry parameters, indicating that pancreatic function was
normal. We conclude that Pdx1-Venus Tg pigs represent a large animal model suitable for research on
pancreatic development/regeneration and diabetes. 相似文献
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50.
Yoshikazu TAKETA Yasuhiro NAGAI Hideki OGASAWARA Shinichiro HAYASHI Masato MIYAKE Sachi TANAKA Kouichi WATANABE Shyuichi OHWADA Hisashi ASO Takahiro YAMAGUCHI 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(3):382-390
Myostatin (MSTN), known as growth and differentiation factor 8 (GDF-8), is a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily that negatively regulates skeletal muscle mass. Myostatin binds with high affinity to the receptor serine threonine kinase activin receptor type IIB (ActRIIB). Activins that also belong to the TGF-β superfamily, stimulate follicle-stimulating hormone production in gonadotrophs and suppress growth hormone and adrenocorticotropic hormone production in somatotrophs and corticotrophs, respectively. The aim of the present paper was therefore to clarify the endocrine action of MSTN in adenohypophysis. The present study details the expression and cellular localization of MSTN and ActRIIB in porcine anterior pituitary gland. The mRNA of MSTN and ActRIIB was consistently expressed in RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry of MSTN and specific hormones showed that MSTN localized in thyrotrophs and gonadotrophs, in which most of the MSTN immunoreactive cells were identified as thyrotrophs. The immunostaining of ActRIIB was restricted to corticotrophs. These results indicate that MSTN was mainly produced in thyrotrophs and its receptor, ActRIIB, was restrictively contained in corticotrophs. Interestingly, thyrotrophs immunoreactive for MSTN were frequently close to corticotrophs immunoreactive for ActRIIB. The present study suggests that MSTN from thyrotrophs may regulate corticotroph function as a paracrine mediator among the porcine anterior pituitary cells. 相似文献