2种降水模式对2次降水过程的对比分析

利用T639模式与日本模式的降水数值预报,对2008年7月的2次降水天气过程进行对比分析。结果发现,日本模式与T639模式的36和60h实效预报情况较好,降水落区和降水强度基本可以信任。2008年7月6日过程T639模式和日本模式东北地区的36h时效日累积降水预报除对暴雨区的位置有偏差外,降水带的落区和量级与实况较为一致;2008年7月24日过程的36和60h实效的预报效果与实况大体一致。但从2次过程的84h预报情况来看,降水落区和降水强度均有较大偏差。     

日本高等农业教育发展道路及模式探索

为了借鉴国外的办学经验,对日本高等农业教育的发展道路及模式进行了探讨,分析表明,19世纪后半叶日本出现了高等农业教育,以后经历了高等农业教育体系初步形成、办学模式创新、教育规模扩张和稳定规模提升培养层次4个主要阶段;经过100多年的发展,日本形成了包含83所各类院校的高等农业教育独特体系———有设立农业相关学部的53所综合性大学、7所农业大学及23所设有农业相关学科的短期大学。     

Japan's green resources: Forest conservation and social values

Modern and historical Japanese societies are and were quite comfortable with a nature defined, designed, and dominated by humans. While contemporary Japanese are concerned about the environment, especially about non-timber (green) forest resources, conservation organizations are generally small and locally focused. Public forests, accounting for 40 percent of all Japan's forests, are intensively managed. At the national level, the timber program is operating below cost and there is increasing emphasis on non-timber management and rural economic development. A professional elite largely determines forest management goals and cultural barriers minimize broad public participation. Increasingly aware of the environmental impacts of their industrial society at home and abroad, the Japanese are becoming more environmentally concerned. Government agencies are especially proactive in enhancing environmental understanding among Japanese citizens and in sharing their resource management expertise with other Pacific Rim nations.     

日本斤柿栽培技术

从果园选址、园地对环境的要求、品种选择、科学管理、病虫害综合防治等方面,介绍了安阳地区生产日本斤柿的技术规程。     

Seven samurai to protect “our” food: the reform of the food safety regulatory system in Japan after the BSE crisis of 2001

Using the case of food safety governance reform in Japan between 2001 and 2003, this paper examines the relationship between science and trust. The paper explains how the discovery of the first BSE positive cow and consequent food safety scandals in 2001 politicized the role of science in protecting the safety of the food supply. The analysis of the Parliamentary debate focuses on the contestation among legislators and other participants over three dimensions of risk science, including “knowledge,” “objects,” and “beneficiaries.” The metaphor of “seven samurai” and the relationally situated roles of “samurai,” “bandits,” and “beneficiaries” are used to show that in the process of policy making certain moral and ethical expectations on a new expert institution for food safety were contested and negotiated to frame responsibilities and commitments of social actors for creating the food system based on trust.

日本《消防关系法规集》对于储罐基础的规定简介

综合论述了日本《消防关系法规集》对于储罐基础及地基所做的具体规定、要旨及其修订背景。提出了对地基稳定性的要求,讨论了天然地基不需要改良的条件,以及需要改良的地基在改良后必须达到的标准,介绍了对不同地基计算其沉降量的要求,根据基础型式的划分、基础材料及其坚固性的要求、基础的构造、基顶平整度的要求等诸多问题,提出了对钢筋混凝土环梁及碎石环梁的要求,给出了基础地基的设计计算内容、计算方法和计算公式。     

日本近50年来土壤侵蚀及水土保持研究评述

系统地评价了日本土壤侵蚀及水土保持研究工作，介绍了日本土壤侵蚀及水土保持研究的发展历史和现状，以及主要开展这方面研究的大学、研究机构和主要的研究代表者及其成果。对日本土壤侵蚀及水土保持研究的特点以及所取得的主要成果进行了客观地评价。     

Establishing an acid deposition monitoring network in East Asia

Acid deposition is widely recognized as one of the most serious international atmospheric pollution problems. East Asian countries are currently experiencing acid deposition and have only recently begun expanding domestic research and monitoring activities. However, acid deposition is not only a domestic but also a transboundary problem. In addressing the transboundary aspect, cooperative and collaborative action will be essential. The Environment Agency of Japan is advocating the need to establish an acid deposition monitoring network in East Asia. Therefore, it is sponsoring three Expert Meetings on Acid Precipitation Monitoring Network in East Asia between 1993 and 1995. The meetings are attended by both scientific researchers and government officials from numerous East Asian countries. At the administrative and scientific discussions of the first two meetings a consensus on the desirability of establishing a monitoring network in East Asia was obtained and a preliminary technical guideline manual for monitoring acid deposition was adopted. By the end of the third meeting it is hoped that a basic consensus can be reached on a framework for an East Asian acid deposition monitoring network. It is essential to establish such a network in order to evaluate the present state of acid deposition in the region and to reach a common scientific understanding on the acid deposition problem. This is a vital step toward promoting international cooperation on the issue.     

Precipitation chemistry in Japan 1989–1993

Precipitation chemistry in Japan was discussed on a wet-only sample database obtained in a nationwide survey from April 1989 to March 1993. Wet-only samples were collected at 29 stations over Japan on a biweekly basis. Commonly determined chemical parameters were measured in laboratories. The volume-weighted annual mean pH at each site ranged from 4.50 to 5.83 with a mean of 4.76. Concentration ranges and means (parenthesized) on an equivalent basis for major ions were as follows: nss-SO₄ ^2–; 5.2–58.9 (38.6), NO₃ ^–; 1.8–25.0 (14.1), NH₄ ⁺; 0.55–29.8 (18.3), nss-Ca²⁺; 2.0–34.5(14.2), Na⁺; 6.4–275.3 (49.1), Cl^–; 13.7–322.4 (63.5) eq L^–1. Acid-base relationships for Phase-II records were quantitatively discussed in terms of three measures: pH, fractional acidity, and our proposed pA_i.     

日本松突圆蚧天敌瓢虫调查与引进报告

报道了2005年对松突圆蚧原产地日本冲绳县进行天敌瓢虫调查、引进的过程与结果,介绍了冲绳县林业概况和森林保护研究状况;调查了该县的主要松树林分,采集到松林中主要瓢虫6种,其中楔斑溜瓢虫(Olla v-nigrumMulsant)、红点唇瓢虫(Chilocorus kuwanaeSilverstry)对松突圆蚧有较强的捕食能力。