浙江榕属植物叶表皮和瘦果形态的扫描电镜观察

在扫描电子显微镜下观察了浙江产的12种（变种）榕属植物的叶表皮和瘦果形态。结果表明；叶下表皮均有气孔器，上表皮均未发现气孔器。气孔外拱盖内缘呈浅波状、啮齿状或平滑；叶表皮角质膜具浅波状细条纹、深波状粗条纹或具蠕虫状条纹；瘦果分为4个类型：脊条状纹饰，皱波状纹饰、乳头状纹饰和浅波状纹饰，上述特征在不同种之间都有一些差异，这些差异可作为区分种和变种的辅助特征。     

基于数字图像处理技术的风蚀地表颗粒提取

地表粗沙粒残留量可以反映出土壤侵蚀量与抗侵蚀能力。基于数字图像处理技术对阴山北麓风蚀粗粒化地表的颗粒进行了提取研究。结果表明,经过ERDAS IMAGINE 9.0软件处理后再提取的颗粒面积较ArcGIS 9.2软件下矢量化得到的颗粒面积小,但是两者之间存在显著的线性关系,可以利用该关系进行颗粒面积补偿。通过颗粒等效面积与等效周长求取的颗粒分形维数为1.418 4,颗粒分形维数反映的现地粗粒化状况与实际考察结果大体一致。表明采用图像处理软件可以对地表数字图像中的颗粒进行准确测量,在省时省力的同时也提高了研究的精度。     

抗南方根结线虫黄瓜—酸黄瓜渐渗系的筛选及鉴定

 采用温室盆栽苗期人工接种鉴定技术,通过对黄瓜—酸黄瓜种间杂交后代群体进行抗南方根结线虫鉴定、形态学观测和分子生物学鉴定,筛选出抗南方根结线虫的黄瓜—酸黄瓜渐渗系ILs-10-1。抗性鉴定结果表明,渐渗系ILs-10-1对南方根结线虫的抗性表现稳定;田间农艺性状和形态学观测发现,其具有小叶、短果、棕色瘤刺、多分枝的特点,性状表现介于双亲之间;SSR分子标记分析结果表明,从302对SSR引物中筛选出的1对引物SSR18648,能够在渐渗系ILs-10-1中稳定重复地扩增出野生亲本酸黄瓜的特异DNA片段,从分子水平上证实了渐渗系ILs-10-1为野生黄瓜与栽培黄瓜发生渐渗杂交的种间杂交后代。     

降低增压柴油机NO_x排放的结构参数分析与试验研究

采用调整增压柴油机结构参数的方法降低NOx的排放量,并降低了成本。以4110型增压柴油机为例调整其燃烧室、喷油器以及喷油泵等结构参数,并进行分析、优化,对调整前、后的柴油机进行了试验。试验结果表明:优化后的柴油机能满足“欧Ⅱ”标准。     

降低4110型增压柴油机NOx排放的结构参数研究

增压柴油机具有热效率高、经济性好和启动快的优点,但同时存在NOx和颗粒排放高的缺点。在国外,通常采用调整结构参数改善缸内燃烧过程或用废气再循环(EGR)等处理方法予以降低。在新产品开发阶段,我国的企业倾向于采用调整结构参数改善缸内燃烧的措施,以求柴油机提高性能水平,简化柴油机结构和降低运行维护费用。为此,论述了调整增压柴油机结构参数来降低NOx的排放量的方法。现以4110型增压柴油机为例,调整其结构参数,并进行分析、优化,对调整前后的柴油机进行了试验。试验结果表明:优化后的柴油机能满足“欧-Ⅱ”标准。     

B68-1 转基因水稻花粉活力的温湿响应规律

为了研究转基因水稻花粉活力在各种气象条件下的变化规律,以含bar基因的抗Basta转基因籼稻B68-1为材料,分别在温度20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃及相对湿度30%、50%、70%、90%的不同温湿组合条件下进行处理,用2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑（TTC）染色法测定了这些组合条件处理下B68-1转基因水稻花粉离体0、1、2、3、4、5、6、8、10、12、14 min后的活力。试验结果表明,B68-1花粉离体后活力变化在各种条件下呈现为＂S＂型或＂S＂型的一段;B68-1花粉离体后活力在一定湿度条件下随着温度先升后降,各湿度条件下花粉在25℃时活力最强,高温对花粉活力的胁迫作用更大;B68-1花粉离体后活力在一定的温度条件下随着湿度也是先升后降,各温度条件下花粉在相对湿度70%时活力最强,高湿对花粉活力的胁迫作用更大。通过指数形式的生长曲线（Logistic方程）分段函数,拟合构建了B68-1花粉活力在不同湿度下的温度模型,可精确预测花粉存活时间和寿命,为进一步准确估算转基因水稻基因飘移距离提供基础数据。     

中国园艺学会2012年学术年会暨庆祝《园艺学报》创刊50周年—园艺学进展论坛征文通知

"中国园艺学会2012年学术年会暨庆祝《园艺学报》创刊50周年—园艺学进展论坛"将于2012年10月在西安举行,即日起征集:①研究论文摘要,②有关园艺学进展的综述文章。经审查合格的摘要和综述将分别收入"中国园艺学会2012年学术年会论文摘要集"和"庆祝《园艺学报》创刊50周年—园艺学进展论坛专辑",并于会前以     

Effect of hydroxylamine on pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by chronic hypoxic hypercapnia in rats

AIM: To explore the effects of hydroxylamine on the pulmonary arterial pressure in chronic hypoxic hypercapnic rats. METHODS: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (8 rats in each group): the normal control group (NC), hypoxic hypercapnia+normal saline group (NS), hypoxic hypercapnia+hydroxylamine group (HA). The animals in NS and HA groups were kept in the O₂ (9%-11%) and CO₂ (5%-6%) cabin, 8 h a day and 6 days a week for 4 weeks. Before entering the cabin, the rats in HA group were administered with 1 mL hydroxylamine (12.5 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection, while the rats in NS group were given intraperitoneal injection of 1 mL saline solution. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) was measured by external jugular vein cannulation. The heart was removed, and the right ventricle (RV) and the left ventricle plus the septum (LV+S) were dissected. The ratio of the wet weight of the RV to that of the LV+S was calculated. The changes of the pulmonary vascular construction were observed under optical microscope. The concentration of H₂S in the plasma was measured with a spectrometer. The expression of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) in the pulmonary arterioles and bronchi was measured by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. RESULTS: The values of mPAP, RV/(LV+S),vessel wall area/total area (WA/TA) and media thickness of pulmonary arterioles (PAMT) in NS group and HA group were significantly higher than those in NC group (P<0.05). The level of H₂S in the plasma, the content of CSE protein and the expression of CSE mRNA in NC group were significantly lower than those in NS group (P<0.05). The values of mPAP, RV/(LV+S), WA/TA and PAMT in HA group were significantly lower than those in NS group (P<0.05). The level of H₂S in the plasma, the content of CSE protein and the expression of CSE mRNA in HA group were significantly higher than those in NS group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Hydroxylamine may decrease the pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by chronic hypoxic hypercapnia in rats by increasing the level of H₂S in the plasma, the content of CSE protein and the mRNA expression of CSE, thus improving the pulmonary vascular structural remodeling.     

茄科植物WRKY转录因子的研究进展

WRKY蛋白是植物中最大的具有重要作用的转录因子家族之一,通过特异性结合启动子区域的W-Box来调控基因的表达,其成员参与了茄科(Solanaceae)植物的生长、发育、代谢、生物和非生物胁迫响应和激素信号的转导等进程。综述茄科植物WRKY转录因子表达模式和在生物和非生物胁迫中调控作用的研究进展。     

MicroRNA-146a promotes apoptosis of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells by targeting TAK1

AIM: To explore the effect of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) on apoptosis of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells and the underluing mechanism. METHODS: miR-146a mimic (up-regulated miR-146a expression) and miR-146a inhibitor (down-regulated miR-146a expression) were transfected into the SGC-7901 cells by liposome method. At the same time, miRNA nonsense sequence transfection group as the negative control group (NC group) was set up. RT-qPCR was used to evaluate the levels of miR-146a in the SGC-7901 cells after transfection. The effects of miR-146a on the cell apoptosis and growth were assessed by flow cytometry analysis and CCK-8 assay, respectively. The effect of over-expression or knockdown of miR-146a on transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling was evaluated by RT-qPCR and Western blot. RESULTS: miR-146a modulated apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells. Over-expression of miR-146a significantly increased apoptosis, whereas knockdown of miR-146a inhibited the apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells. The expression of TAK1 at mRNA and protein levels was significantly decreased when miR-146a mimic was transfected into the SGC-7901 cells (P<0.05). On the contrast, the expression of TAK1 at mRNA and protein were significantly higher in miR-146a inhibitor transfection group than that in NC group (P<0.05), suggesting that miR-146a negatively regulated TAK1 expression. Moreover, knockdown of TAK1 enhanced the apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells (P<0.01), while over-expression of TAK1 inhibited the apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells(P<0.01). Additionally, both over-expression of miR-146a and knockdown of TAK1 led to a prominent increase in the expression of NF-κB inhibitor protein alpha (IκBα) and a significat decrease in B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) level in the SGC-7901 cells. CONCLUSION: miR-146a significantly promotes apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells by inhibition of NF-κB pathway via targeting TAK1.