Retraction notice to “Fluctuations of certain biochemical constituents and markers enzymes as a consequence of monocrotophos toxicity in the edible freshwater fish, Channa punctatus” [Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 94 (2009) 5-9]

A total of 185 hexanic, dichloromethanic, ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts from 24 species of Cerrado plants, were tested against Zabrotes subfasciatus, Acanthoscelides obtectus, and human saliva α-amylases. Twelve crude extracts presented inhibition rates greater than 80% against digestive α-amylases of the insect pest Z. subfasciatus, at a concentration of 1 mg mL⁻¹. These extracts were also tested against A. obtectus and human saliva α-amylases to verify their affinity and specificity of action. The hydroethanolic Kielmeyera coriacea stem bark extract presented a strong inhibitory potential, with IC₅₀ values of 110 μg mL⁻¹ for Z. subfasciatus and 272.12 μg mL⁻¹ for A. obtectus, in addition to a 97.09% reduction in enzyme activity of human saliva α-amylases at 125 μg mL⁻¹. The hexanic Aspidosperma macrocarpon root wood extract totally inhibited the activity of Z. subfasciatus α-amylases, reduced the enzyme activity of A. obtectus by 14.69% at 1 mg mL⁻¹, but did not alter the activity of human saliva α-amylases, thus characterizing greater inhibition affinity and specificity. The results suggest that the application of plant extracts against insect α-amylases represent a promising biotechnological tool for development of new insect pest control strategies, with noticeable affinity and specificity of action against different target enzymes.     

拷贝数变异及其在畜禽中的研究进展

单核苷酸多态性一直以来都是很多分子生物学家研究的焦点。生物体基因组研究的核心内容是为了了解表型差异的分子遗传机制,但是要理解表型差异的分子基础就必须要对所有类型的变异有深刻的认识,而不仅仅是单核苷酸变异。拷贝数变异是指DNA 片段大小范围从kb到Mb的亚微观突变,由于很多拷贝数变异的片段足够大,包含了整个基因,因此,相对于单核苷酸变异它们更有可能影响生物体的健康。很多研究结果表明,特殊基因的拷贝数变异与表型差异有着显著的联系。作者阐述了拷贝数变异的概念,重点介绍了这种变异的形成机制和检测方法,并阐述了其在畜禽中的研究。     

南通市2008年生态足迹计算分析研究

运用生态足迹计算模型,对南通市2008年生态足迹进行计算分析。结果表明:南通市2008年人均生态足迹为2.346 hm2,人均生态承载力为0.376 hm2,人均生态赤字高达1.970 hm2,分析生态足迹构成要素,并将南通市2008年生态足迹与江苏其他城市进行了比较,最后提出了减缓生态压力的对策。     

南通市城市土壤铅污染特征研究

对南通市城市五大功能区的土壤进行采样测定,对南通市城市不同功能区的土壤铅含量进行分析和评价。结果表明。南通市城市土壤总体未受到严重的铅污染,但工业区受到中度污染,商业区和老居民区受到轻度污染,风景区和农业区未受到明显污染。说明南通市城市交通运输和工业“三废”是土壤中铅污染的主要来源。     

Physiological response of cauliflower in relation to manganese-boron interaction

Summary

Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) was grown in refined sand at low (0.0011 mg l^?1), normal (0.55 mg l^?1) and excess (5.5 mg l^?1) Mn, each at three levels of B, deficient (0.0033 mg l^?1), normal (0.33 mg H) and excess (3.3 mg l^?1). In Mn deficient cauliflowers a deficiency of B accentuated visible symptoms of Mn deficiency and aggravated the Mn deficiency effects i.e. a decrease in dry matter, leaf Mn, sugars, starch, chlorophyll, Hill reaction and specific activity of aldolase and an increase in the concentrations of proline and inorganic phosphorus. In cauliflowers exhibiting B toxicity symptoms under conditions of excess B, excess Mn increased leaf Mn, sugars, nucleic acids, protein P, nucleic acid P, acid-labile P and leaf B. Excess Mn decreased the concentrations of DNA, protein nitrogen, chlorophyll and activities of peroxidase, aldolase and leaf B, leaf Mn in boron deficient cauliflowers.     

抗速灭威单链抗体基因在巴斯德毕赤酵母中的表达及性质研究

选用巴斯德毕赤酵母（Pichia pastoris）系统表达特异性抗速灭威单链抗体（scFv）基因,以为速灭威特异性抗体的大量制备奠定基础。设计引物扩增阳性克隆scFv基因,亚克隆至表达载体pPICZαC,获得重组酵母表达质粒pPICZαC-scFv,线性化pPICZαC-scFv并高效电转P.pastoris（X-33）,对转化子进行抗性梯度筛选得到一株高效表达的X-33-Pp-SMW-12-6菌株。对获得的菌株先后进行表达条件的优化、优化条件下的诱导表达及单链抗体性质研究。结果表明：P.pastoris-scFv的质量接近其亲本E.coli-scFv的质量,X-33-Pp-SMW12-6在优化条件下的表达产量达28mg/L,比未优化前的产量提高了约8mg/L,经纯化后抗体纯度可达85%以上。因此,利用P.pastoris表达系统制备抗速灭威单链抗体比细菌表达系统更有效、更经济。     

液体立式自动包装机主要结构设计

目前,我国包装机械不断发展壮大,其市场前景非常可观,包装机械的技术要求也在不断的提高。现在市场上大多包装机械结构复杂、造价高,多适用于大型的包装企业,一般中小型企业难以承受。为此,对液体立式自动包装机进行了结构设计并确定了主要技术参数。该机具有体积小、结构简单、造价低、出现故障易排查等特点。     

Clipping by Plateau Pikas and Impacts to Plant Community

Plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) often clip tall plants near active burrow entrances to detect and avoid predators. This clipping behavior influencing plant communities near active burrow entrances has not been well documented. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of this clipping behavior on plant communities across three sites in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau by comparing plant communities near active burrow entrances with communities near abandoned burrow entrances. This study showed that the clipping behavior decreased plant community height and increased plant cover and species richness of the community and had no effect on plant community biomass across three sites or at each site. This study further showed that clipping behavior decreased the plant biomass of the graminoid group and had no effect on the plant species richness of the graminoid group, whereas it increased the plant biomass and plant species richness of the forb group across the three sites or at each site. These findings suggest that a general pattern concerning the effect of the clipping behavior can increase plant species richness and decrease the grazing quality of alpine meadows near active burrow entrances.     

设施栽培番茄灰霉病(Botrytis cinerea Pers)发生规律初步研究

为了掌握番茄灰霉病的发生发展规律。通过单体大棚和联体大棚栽培试验,研究大棚温湿度变化、番茄灰霉病发生时间和消长动态,并分析了番茄灰霉病发生与生育期、温湿度和叶花果病情的关系。从3月初至6月中旬,单体大棚和联体大棚湿度变化均呈两谷三峰的趋势,而温度变化表现为跳跃式波动。联体大棚相对湿度较单体大棚变化幅度大,且相对湿度略低。联体大棚温度变化比单体大棚平稳,且略低于单体大棚。早播、中播和晚播番茄的病害初发期分别为4月2日、4月7日和5月7日,中播和晚播番茄的最高病指明显低于早播番茄。番茄移栽越早,发病越早,病情越严重。单体大棚番茄灰霉病发病高峰期在4月底~5月上旬,集中出现在5月初。联体大棚番茄各轮花果灰霉病的发病高峰期在4月中下旬~5月中下旬,集中出现在4月底~5月初。10~15℃中低温和90%以上的相对湿度最利于病害发生。叶病发生情况与花、果病发生无显著相关,而花、果病的发生显著正相关。该研究为建立番茄灰霉病预测模型奠定了基础。     

乳鸽屠宰及加工技术研究

介绍了乳鸽的屠宰设备和屠宰技术,真空生鲜冷冻乳鸽的加工,乳鸽保健菜肴烹调方法,为肉鸽养殖、屠宰及加工、销售一体化提供参考.