中华蜜蜂与意大利蜜蜂卵的辨认与监督

在大部分膜翅目昆虫里,亲属辨认与监督不仅对个体有利,而且对群体也至关重要.在意大利蜜蜂蜂群里,工蜂就会对工蜂卵和蜂王卵进行辨认与监督,使群体快速繁衍.以中华蜜蜂和意大利蜜蜂为实验材料,研究了工蜂对受精卵的辨认与监督特性.结果表明,在中华蜜蜂蜂群中,工蜂在2 h之内把意大利蜜蜂的卵全部清理,而中华蜜蜂的卵至少有80%被保留;在意大利蜜蜂蜂群中,工蜂会在4 h之内基本把中华蜜蜂的卵全部清理,但意大利蜜蜂的卵至少还有90%被保留.     

Analysis of quantitative pore features based on mathematical morphology

Wood identification is a basic technique of wood science and industry. Pore features are among the most important identification features for hardwoods. We have used a method based on an analysis of quantitative pore feature, which differs from traditional qualitative methods. We applies mathematical morphology methods such as dilation and erosion, open and close transforma- tion of wood cross-sections, image repairing, noise filtering and edge detection to segment the pores from their background. Then the mean square errors （MSE） of pores were computed to describe the distribution of pores. Our experiment shows that it is easy to classify the pore features into three basic types, just as in traditional qualitative methods, but with the use of MSE of pores. This quantitative method improves wood identification considerably.     

蜂群中工蜂亲属优惠、辨认与相互监督

蜜蜂的社会行为特性一直受到广大生物学家的关注,其原因一方面是人们意识到蜜蜂给农作物授粉的重要性,另一方面是蜜蜂的社会行为研究结果对整个社会生物学领域都有深远影响[1]。近20年来,蜂群中工蜂亲属优惠、辨认与相互监督一直是蜜蜂社会行为特性研究的热门领域之一,并取得了许多可喜成果。笔者在此将国内外有关这方面的研究文献进行了综述,希望通过本文能起到抛砖引玉的作用。1蜂群中工蜂亲属优惠工蜂亲属优惠是指工蜂给予血缘关系近的亲属某些“利益”。为什么蜂群中存在工蜂亲属优惠,可以从理论和实际上来回答这个问题。1.1从理论上来…