酒精阳性乳奶牛血、乳尿酸和胆固醇水平分析

为探索奶牛酒精阳性乳的强度与血清、鲜乳尿酸和胆固醇水平的关系,用68%的酒精全群检测酒精阳性乳,72%的酒精测定68%的酒精阴性牛牛乳,75%的酒精测定72%的酒精阴性牛牛乳,在75%酒精阴性牛群(对照组)、阳性牛群,72%酒精阳性牛群和68%酒精阳性牛群各选择产奶量、胎次、年龄、泌乳期相近的奶牛6头.分别组成Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组.连续3周采集各组奶牛的鲜乳和颈静脉血液,测定血清和鲜乳中的尿酸与胆固醇含量.结果表明,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组牛血清尿酸水平显著增加,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组牛鲜乳尿酸水平显著增加(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),且血清和鲜乳中的尿酸水平有随酒精阳性乳强度的增加而增加的趋势;血清和鲜乳中胆固醇水平各组差异均不显著.由此可见,高尿酸血症可能是引起奶牛酒精阳性乳的主要原因,而奶牛酒精阳性乳与血、乳胆固醇水平无关.     

牛尿素中毒的防治

1瞳孔散大食盐中毒,尿素中毒,氢氰酸中毒,中暑。2眼球或眼肌震颤有机氯中毒,酸中毒,酮病。3可视黏膜苍白伊氏锥虫病,巴贝斯虫病,牛绦虫病,捻转胃虫病,前后盘虫病,肝片吸虫病,白血病,消化不良,鼻     

氯甲基蛋氨酸对冷冻-束缚应激大鼠消化器官组织学结构的影响

为探讨氯甲基蛋氨酸对应激性胃溃疡的预防效果,制备了大鼠急性冷冻-束缚应激模型,通过观察冷冻-束缚应激所致大鼠消化系统器官的损伤性变化及氯甲基蛋氨酸对应激状态下大鼠消化器官组织结构的影响,判定氯甲基蛋氨酸对应激性胃溃疡的作用。结果表明,氯甲基蛋氨酸对大鼠冷冻-束缚应激性胃溃疡的消化系统器官具有明显的保护作用。     

鸡常见异常粪便相应疾病的鉴别要点

1白色稀粪 多由于肠黏膜分泌大量的肠液及尿酸盐增多造成。引起肾损害的营养性因素或传染病都可使尿酸排泄障碍,致使尿酸盐增多,导致鸡排白色稀粪。     

鸡肾脏病变的病因及防治

最近2—3年,在走访规模大小不等的鸡场过程中,经常听到也见到不少不同日龄的鸡群发生肾脏病变的现象,有时有相当数量的鸡只死于肾脏病变。肾脏病变通常是指一种或多种诱因引起的肾脏肿块、贫血或出血、坏死及尿酸盐沉积等变化。这些变化有时是可逆性的,即诱因消除后病变随之减轻并逐渐消失,有时是不可逆的,即病理性损伤,即使诱因消除,也不能完全恢复。下面针对肾脏病变的病因进行分析,并提出防制对策,供同行参考。     

离子色谱法测定粮食中的硫和氯

粮食样品经干法灰化处理，用离子色谱法测定浸提液中的ＳＯ４＾２－和Ｃｌ＾－。在标准阴离子色谱条件下，相对标准偏差ＲＳＤ〈５％，样品加标回收率为９１－９８％。     

铬天青S－溴化十六烷基三甲铵－乙醇高灵敏分光光度法测定植物和土壤水中铝

本文探讨了铝与铬天青Ｓ的最佳显色反应条件。当ｐＨ为６．５，在溴化十六烷基三甲铵（ＣＴＭＡＢ）和乙醇的存在下，铝与铬天青Ｓ形成绿色配合物，最大吸收峰位于６３５ｕｍ，表观摩尔吸光系数为１．６５×１０５Ｌ／ｍｏｌ·ｃｍ，铝含量在０～０．２４μｇ／ｍＬ范围内符合比耳定律。在本实验条件下，该方法具有良好的选择性，应用于植物和土壤水中铝的测定，结果满意。     

氯钾离子共体诱导黄瓜对霜霉病抗性的研究

在黄瓜幼苗子叶期及第一真叶期用浓度为2g/kg、5g/kg、10g/kg、15g/kg、20g/kg的氯钾离子共体液进行诱导处理,可使黄瓜植株产生对霜霉病[Pseudoperonospor cubensis(Berk.et Curt.) Rostov.]的抗病性。在自然病原激发病害试验中,经2g/kg、5g/kg、10g/kg、15g/kg、20g/kg浓度的氯钾离子共体液诱导处理的植株比对照植株推迟发病3~6d,平均病株率分别比对照降低25.26%、26.63%、31.46%、39.12%和33.38%,平均病叶率分别比对照降低22.89%、28.08%、34.02%、38.36%和36.59%,平均病情指数分别比对照降低18.32%、28.97%、34.80%、35.89%和36.77%,差异达极显著水平,平均相对免疫效果分别为31.99%、43.75%、51.23%、53.43%和53.70%。在人工接种病原激发病害试验中,自诱导后第6d接种各处理浓度的平均病情指数分别比对照降低38.51%、44.86%、40.81%、43.00%和43.33%,且与对照的差异均达到极显著水平。植株产生对霜霉病诱导抗性的迟滞期为2~4d,潜育期为7~9d,诱导抗性保持的有效期达27d。氯钾离子共体液诱导处理的最佳浓度为10g/kg和15g/kg。     

马铃薯耐盐试验

马铃薯分别接受四种氯盐（氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化钙和氯化镁）的四个水平（０，１．５，３．０和４．５ｇ／ｋｇ土）的处理。结果表明四种氯盐对马铃薯品种“费乌瑞它”的出苗均有不同影响。随着氯盐投入量的增加，出苗时期与对照相比，往后相应推迟１￣周。土壤中氯盐的增加，明显地抑制了地上部的生长，但在１．５ｇ／ｋｇ土的剂量范围内氯化钙和氯化镁有促进块茎生长的趋势。四种氯盐在土壤中含量为１．５ｇ／ｋｇ土以上时，其抑制     

Impact of soil fumigation practices on soil nematodes and microbial biomass

This study was designed to understand the impact of methyl bromide (MB) (CHaBr) and its alternatives on both free-living and root-knot nematodes in the soil. A randomized complete block experiment with six treatments and 4 replicates (each replicate in a separate greenhouse) was established in Qingzhou, Shandong Province, China. In addition to MB and untreated control (CK) treatments there were four alternative soil fumigation practices including MB virtually impermeable films (VIF), metam sodium (MS), MS VIF and soil solarization combined with selected biological control agents (SS BCA). Two tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) cultivars, cv. Maofen-802 from the Xian Institute of Vegetable Science, China, and cv. AF179 Brillante from the Israeli Hazera Quality Seeds, were selected as test crops. The results indicated that Rhabditidae was the most dominant population with percentage abundance as high as 85% of the total number of identified free-living nematodes, followed by that of Cephalobidae. Methyl bromide and its alternatives except for the non-chemical SS BCA treatment controlled the target pest, root-knot nematodes. Also, the impact of the three chemical alternatives on free-living nematode number and functional group abundance was similar to the impact associated with a typical methyl bromide application. Chemical fumigation practices, especially that with MB, significantly reduced the number of nematodes in the soil and simultaneously significantly reduced the number of nematode genera thereby reducing nematode diversity. All the four soil chemical fumigation activities decreased soil microbial biomass and had an obvious initial impact on microorganism biomass. Furthermore, both plant-parasitic and fungivore nematodes were positively correlated with soil microbial biomass.