浅伏谈伏HAC伏CP体伏系伏认证伏在肉伏鸡伏屠宰加工中的应用

HACCP认证能有效控制食物中的危害，保证食品的安全，是世界范围上公认的食品安全生产准则。目前，HACCP在各行业中得到广泛应用，尤其在服务业、餐饮业、食品加工业等，但在肉鸡等动物屠宰加工业应用的还不多。本文主要介绍了HACCP体系认证在肉鸡屠宰加工中的应用。     

落叶松规格材加工利用技术研究

介绍"十一五"国家科技支撑计划"高强度结构材加工利用技术"课题中,对我国主要的商品林树种之一——落叶松,在规格材的优化加工、分级、无损检测、强度性能测试及木构件连接等关键技术研究方面,取得的重点创新成果。这些成果开创性地解决了我国利用国产资源加工结构用规格材的关键性和共性技术问题,并且为我国落叶松资源的高效利用,提供了新的技术途径。     

凝结水精处理安全运行探讨

文章简要叙述了大唐华银株洲发电有限公司凝结水精处理混床和再生系统设备及流程,出水水质及树脂性能等。针对火电厂凝结水精处理系统的安全运行问题,在设计以及运行操作方面结合大唐华银株洲发电有限公司凝结水精处理系统实际进行探讨。     

优质苜蓿草捆加工生产技术的研究

介绍了苜蓿打捆加工的工艺过程，分析了苜蓿割晒时间、打捆机具、堆放贮存等影响草捆质量的因素，提出了加工优质苜蓿草捆的技术方法和措施。     

木材漏节图片的计算机处理

应用计算机数字图象处理技术对木材加工业中的一种典型缺陷－漏节进行了处理，使其比原始图象更清晰，更易于识别。作者在论文中首次提出应用最大信息熵来决定二值化图象的阈值，取得了满意的结果。考虑到实际处理时的实时要求，应用改进后的罗泊特梯度算子来取漏的轮郭，使处理时间大大缩短。     

南瓜冰淇淋的制作技术

利用新鲜南瓜为原料,经处理后加入到冰淇淋配料中。结果表明,当南瓜、奶粉、人造奶油、鸡蛋、白砂糖、乳化稳定剂、香兰素添加量分别为10%、10%、4%、5%、13%、0.8%、0.1%时,所得到的冰淇淋风味独特,营养价值高,膨胀率和感官指标较好。     

膨化与加酶玉米对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠黏膜形态的影响

通过2个饲养试验，研究了膨化及加酶处理玉米对断奶仔猪的生长性能和肠黏膜形态的影响。试验一分别用普通玉米、膨化玉米、普通玉米加酶及膨化玉米加酶为主要能量原料的饲料饲喂仔猪做4种处理，每个处理6个重复，定时记录体质量和耗料量．计算日增重、日采食量和料肉比。结果表明，膨化和加酶玉米均可提高日增重，降低料肉比。试验二分别用普通玉米、膨化玉米、普通玉米加酶及膨化玉米加酶为主要能量原料的饲料饲喂仔猪做4种处理，每个处理6个重复，分别在断奶后第14天和第28天各屠宰1头公猪。取十二指肠、空肠前、中、后段以及回肠做组织切片，观察其黏膜厚度、绒毛高度、隐窝深度和绒毛宽度。结果表明，断奶后14d，与普通玉米组相比，膨化玉米组和加酶玉米组都显著提高了十二指肠的绒毛高度，二者共同处理组使十二指肠的绒毛高度极显著提高；2种处理组都显著降低了空肠中段的隐窝深度；显著增加了十二指肠、空肠前段、后段和回肠的黏膜厚度。断奶后28d，2种处理组都显著增加了十二指肠的黏膜厚度。     

协同增效型拮抗细菌组合CL-7和CL-8的稳定性及其对加工番茄的促生防病效果

将加工番茄根际土壤中筛选到的单一拮抗细菌进行复配，筛选获得两个具有促生拈抗作用的细菌组合CL-7和CL-8。经过20代转管连续培养检测细菌组合的稳定性，结果表明，这两个拮抗细菌组合从13代之后，其pH值基本稳定，组合内菌落种类及数目也基本稳定；且12代后抑菌活性基本保持不变。和单一拮抗菌株相比，CL-7和CL-8均能显著增加对番茄立枯病菌、辣椒疫霉病菌和枯萎病菌的抑菌效果。发芽和苗期灌根试验结果表明，拮抗细菌组合CL-7和CL-8可显著促进加工番茄幼芽及苗期的生长，苗期鲜重分别增加了147．620k和176．190k，干重分别增加了143．75％和143．75％。在温室和田间条件下，细菌组合CL-7和CL-8对加工番茄立枯病的防治效果都很显著，分别可达25．1％、40．1％和52．2％、55．5％。     

Habitat loss, Fragmentation, and Alteration – Quantifying the Impactof Land-use Changes on a Spanish Dehesa Landscape by Use of Aerial Photography and GIS

Mediterranean agroforestry landscapes, dehesas, experience significant structural changes that affect their ability to support habitats for a rich biodiversity. The goal of this study is to provide quantitative information on loss, fragmentation, and alteration of holm oak (Quercus ilex) stands over a 42-year period, based on two sites in the lowlands of Cáceres province, Spain. Aerial photography and orthoimages from 1956, 1984, and 1998 were processed in a geographic information system (GIS). Important changes in demography and land-use were rural depopulation, abandonment of traditional agricultural activities, and a sharp increase in livestock stocking levels. These were related to intensification and extensification of land-uses determined by national and EU agricultural policies. Results of the land cover analysis indicated that dehesas suffered an annual 0.27% and 0.04% decrease in cover in the two sites. From 1984 loss rate had markedly accelerated (0.83% and 0.30%). Most dehesas were lost by shrub encroachment or conversion to open grassland. Fragmentation through roads increased by 28% and 45%, while rural buildings decreased by 17% and 50% from 1956 to 1998. Mean tree density decreased from 1956 to 1984, but a recovery was found since 1984. Significant factors determining stand densities in most time points were altitude (related with different land-uses and geological substrates), ownership, and proximity to villages. This suggests that stand structure is controlled both by human interventions and ecological settings. The findings support the view that opposite trends of land abandonment and intensification of land-uses arise in most northern Mediterranean countries as an effect of the EU Common Agricultural Policy.     

Vermicompost as a substitute for peat in potting media: Effects on germination,biomass allocation,yields and fruit quality of three tomato varieties

Commercial potting media often contain substantial amounts of peat that was mined from endangered bog and fen ecosystems. The main objectives of this study were to assess (1) whether the amendment of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% (v/v) of vermicompost (VC) to a fertilized commercial peat potting substrate has effects on the emergence, growth and biomass allocation of tomato seedlings (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) under greenhouse conditions, (2) whether possible impacts on seedlings can affect tomato yields and fruit quality even when transplanted into equally fertilized field soil, and (3) whether effects are consistent among different tomato varieties. Amended VC was produced in a windrow system of food and cotton waste mainly by earthworms Eisenia fetida Sav. Vermicompost amendments significantly influenced, specifically for each tomato variety, emergence and elongation of seedlings. Biomass allocation (root:shoot ratio) was affected by VC amendments for two varieties in seedling stage and one field-grown tomato variety. Marketable and total yields of field tomatoes were not affected by VC amendments used for seedling husbandry. However, morphological (circumference, dry matter content, peel firmness) and chemical fruit parameters (contents of C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, l-ascorbic acid, glucose, fructose) were significantly affected by VC amendments in seedling substrates; these effects again were specific for each tomato variety. Overall, vermicompost could be an environmentally friendly substitute for peat in potting media with similar or beneficial effects on seedling performance and fruit quality. However, at least for tomatoes, variety-specific responses should be considered when giving recommendations on the optimum proportion of vermicompost amendment to horticultural potting substrate.