辣椒单倍体与双单倍体植株叶片光合作用研究

对辣椒单倍体和双单倍体植株的光合作用进行了研究。结果表明 ,在不同光照条件下 ,单倍体植株净光合速率均明显比双单倍体低。在弱光照下 ,气孔的限制作用是单倍体植株净光合速率较低的主要原因 ;而在正常光照下 ,非气孔限制因素是净光合速率降低的主要原因。单倍体植株在强光下受到明显的光抑制 ,单倍体植株净光合速率、气孔导度和表观量子效率均较低 ,在正常光照条件下羧化效率较低 ;光补偿点和细胞间隙CO2 补偿点较高等均是单倍体植株的重要特征     

中棉所29栽培技术及其生理特性研究

研究表明 ,抗虫杂交棉中棉所 2 9苗期叶绿素、IAA含量高 ,MDA含量低 ,SOD、CAT酶活性高 ,膜脂过氧化程度低 ,棉苗抗胁迫能力强 ,苗质好 ,生长健壮 ;中后期 MDA、ABA含量和 POD活性升高 ;整个生育期均保持较高的光合强度 ,N素营养充足 ,利于高产优质 ;在华北平原一熟种植最佳播期在 4月下旬 ,中等肥水条件下最佳密度为 5.2 5万株· hm- 2 ;对缩节安化调反应不敏感 ,应看苗化调     

Electronegativity Scale of Elements Calculated by Density Functional Theory and Related Methods

In chemistry and many related fields, electronegativity (EN) is an important fundamental concept and its scale is a useful physcochemical parameter. Here, calculations of both ionization potentials and electron affinities are extended toward 107 elements and done by density functional theory at the local density approximation(LDA) level and the LDB level, i.e., the local density approximation level with further non-local corrections for exchange and correlation included self-consistently as well as the modified Slater transition-state method. The definite-differentiation method is employed into calculations of the electronegativity scale and the related parameters of 107 elements with very good results due to the consideration of relativistic effects. The calculation presented is to examine both the LDA and LDB approximations in calculations for the ionization potential and electron affinity of the elements with an improved or modified Slater transition-state method, and relativistic effects have also been taken into account for 107 elements compared with 103, 86 or less in the previous report under a spin polarized density function theory with some approximations to the exchange-correlation function. The calculation results for the various quantities represent an obviously improvement over some previous calculations. It is shown that the results calculated by the extended technique and the improved Slater transition-state method in general agree well with experimental values presented by Pearson, and are better than the reported values in many previous literatures. The developed new electronegativity scale will widely be applicable in many fields such as molecular structural parameterization expression, chemobiological activity optimization prediction, structure-activity quantitation modeling, functional chemical adaptization designing, and so on.     

The Need and Efforts to Industrialized Housing from Developers

There exists the problems of low technology, low quality of components and lacked process in the traditional houses. This article states the experience and lesson in the development of Chongqing Longhu Garden, and the efforts of developers in the industrialized housing.     

膜下滴灌棉花植株耗水率与土壤水分的关系

膜下滴灌技术不仅可减少地面水分蒸发 ,还可以避免深层渗漏。为了合理地确定膜下滴灌技术体系 ,以水量平衡原理为基础 ,对轻壤土、中壤土和重壤土进行不同土壤含水率处理 ,试验得出了棉花生育期植株耗水规律 ,以及棉花成铃数与生育期耗水量的对应关系。在不产生深层渗漏的条件下 ,土壤含水率越高 ,棉株耗水越大 ,但成铃数的增加有限。另外 ,观察到膜下滴灌棉花的根系主要吸水层在 60 cm土层深度以内     

Study on Simulation of Contact Friction Condition of Continously Variable Transmission

As metal Belt CVT(Continuously Variable Trans mission) acts as a kind of friction transmission, friction coefficient is a key parameter of CVT. The friction characters of CVTF(Continuously Variable Transmission Fluid) are mainly determined by fluid and contact state. The contact between belt and pulley can be regarded as a kind of contact between cylinder and cone. As their contact line is short, the curvature change of pulley along the contact line can be neglected. Then the contact problem of belt and pulley was reasonably simplified as a contact between cylinder and cylinder. Under the state of equivalent maximum stress, the contact friction condition of metal belt and pulley was simulated by the contact of ring and block in Timken Friction Test Machine.     

风水两相侵蚀研究现状及我国今后风水蚀的主要研究内容

土壤侵蚀的主要方式是风蚀和水蚀 ,对其研究历史较长 ,已经有了初步的认识。在我国 ,由于独特的季风气候和地理位置 ,风水两相侵蚀面积广布。风水两相侵蚀不是简单的风蚀加水蚀 ,而是一个相互作用呈周期循环的复杂体系 ,国内外关于风水两相侵蚀的研究较少。在阐述风水驱动因素的基础上 ,说明了我国一些基本的风水两相侵蚀类型 ,并对风水两相侵蚀的复杂性进行描述。今后在对这些类型研究的基础上 ,可进一步确立风水侵蚀交错带的范围及分布 ,并将其作为一个特殊的区域对待 ,这对全国生态环境的整治和西部大开发战略的实施有十分重要的意义     

煤矸石障蔽对沙地土壤的改良作用研究

试验研究表明 ,煤矸石沙障对沙地土壤有明显的改良作用 ,使沙地土壤中细粒物质增加 ,土壤水分含量提高 ,土壤结构发生改变 ;土壤中有机质、全 N、速效 P、速效 K含量显著增加 ,分别是流沙对照地的 2 .6 5 ,2 .6 6 ,1.30 ,1.2 4倍。同时 ,分析结果表明 ,障蔽规格对土壤养分、水分的影响较显著 ,而矸石粒径影响不显著。     

控释技术处理碳铵、尿素的肥效及其机理初探

采用改性的工农业有机废弃物、无机矿物作为控释材料,对碳铵、尿素进行包膜与非包膜控释处理,通过盆栽试验研究其肥效,用室内淋溶试验和X衍射分析手段探讨其养分控释机理。结果表明,两种控释处理的氮肥均有较好的肥效,可以明显提高氮肥利用率。肥料的X衍射分析表明,有机控释材料活性基团与碳铵、尿素相互作用,晶体结构发生了较大的变化,结晶度下降;对于包裹太严实的控释肥料,混以养分释放速度快的肥料,以调整养分不同释放速度的纵向复合,更有利于提高产量及养分利用率。非包膜控释处理成本较低,与包膜控释处理的效果相当甚至更优。两种控释技术均能提升碳铵、尿素的市场竞争力,有重要的产业应用前景。     

编制矿山开发建设项目水土保持方案的几点经验

矿业开发破坏地表植被,扰动岩石结构,常造成严重的人为水土流失。通过几年来工作实践的经验总结,对矿山开发建设项目水土保持方案编制中,水土流失预测和防治措施的合理布设,提出一些切实可行的方法和途径。水土保持防治措施的布置既要经济合理,又要满足各项水土流失防治理目标,它包括工程防治措施和植物防治措施2个部分。