生物信息学学术期刊评价

学术期刊的评价包括核心期刊的界定和新创刊的评价。以知识密度梯度的概念和期刊论文分布特征相结合确定了30种生物信息学中文核心期刊,以影响权重、声誉系数和H指数对新创刊的生物信息学中文期刊进行了评价。

     

南京传统街道绿化的保护与传承

南京城市绿化的历史进程及其成果表现出鲜明的地域自然与文化特色,维持＂绿色隧道＂的传统特色,体现古城风貌与＂最佳人居环境＂的绿化举措,是南京绿化的方向和目标。     

Effects of different water supply regimes on water use and yield performance of spring wheat in a simulated semi-arid environment

This research explores the limited irrigation strategies based on root-to-shoot communication that exists in spring wheat, and examines the effects of root-sourced signals on water use and yield performance of three genotypes of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) under three different irrigation regimes. Four treatments, CT (well-watered management), DIu (supplying water to the upper layer to maintain soil moisture in the entire pot at 50–60% of field water capacity (FWC)), and DId (supplying water to the lower layer to maintain soil moisture in the entire pot at 50–60% FWC), were employed. The treatment DIu was used to simulate frequent post-sowing irrigation with small amount of water in each time, and DId was used to simulate pre-sowing irrigation with the same amount of water. Plants were grown in cylinder pots outdoors. A non-hydraulic root signal was induced from seedling to tillering stage in the treatment DId. But after the jointing stage, the signal resulted in a reduction in root biomass and root length in the upper layer and an increase in root biomass and root length in the middle layer as compared with the treatment DIu. The water use efficiencies of the three genotypes were the highest in the treatment DId and the lowest in the treatment DIu for the genotypes A and C. This suggests that under the conditions of the same amount of water supply frequent post-sowing irrigation to the upper soil layer had lower water use efficiency and grain yield, whereas pre-sowing irrigation to the lower soil layer tended to have higher grain yield and higher water use efficiency.     

浅析西方现代主义园林的特征

本文在分析现代园林与现代主义园林关系的基础上,从设计思想以及设计风格两个方面探讨了现代主义园林的特征。     

10%硫虫酰胺SC对草地贪夜蛾的控制效果

为了筛选对草地贪夜蛾防效优良的新型药剂,采用浸卵法和浸叶法在室内研究了10%硫虫酰胺SC对草地贪夜蛾的毒力,并用喷雾法进行了田间控制作用研究。结果表明,硫虫酰胺浸卵处理对草地贪夜蛾的卵孵化率无明显影响,但能显著提高初孵幼虫的死亡率,其中66.7、133.3、266.7 mg/L等3个浓度处理初孵幼虫校正死亡率均高于92.77%;硫虫酰胺对草地贪夜蛾3龄幼虫有较强的毒杀作用,各处理72 h后的校正死亡率为65.55%～100%,但对5龄幼虫防效差。田间药效试验表明,药后1 d各处理防效为61.56%～76.75%,速效性差于对照药剂5.7%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(甲维盐)ME;药后7 d各处理防效为84.84%～95.82%,持效性优于5.7%甲维盐ME和200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺SC。研究表明,10%硫虫酰胺SC可以有效控制草地贪夜蛾,且持效性较好,建议每667 m~2制剂用量30 mL左右,防治适期为草地贪夜蛾卵孵盛期及3龄幼虫前。     

A new glucomannan from Bletilla striata: Structural and anti-fibrosis effects

A novel water-soluble polysaccharide, designated Bletilla striata polysaccharide b (BSPb), was isolated from a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Bletilla striata. The crude polysaccharide was obtained by hot water extraction and purified by ion-exchange chromatography. The molecular weight was 260 kDa as determined by HPGPC (high performance gel permeation chromatography). Monosaccharide analysis showed that BSPb contained glucose and mannose with a molar ratio of 3:1. Methylation and spectroscopic analyses with 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy showed that the backbone of BSPb is mainly composed of (1 → 2)-linked α-d-mannopyranose and (1 → 4)-linked β-d-glucopyranose residues. In this study, BSPb plays an important role in protection against the renal fibrosis effect, which is probably mediated by down-regulated TGF-β RI, TGF-β RII, and α-SMA in vitro.     

Carapanolides C–I from the seeds of andiroba (Carapa guianensis,Meliaceae)

Five new mexicanolide-type limonoids, carapanolides C–G (1–5), together with two new phragmalin-type limonoids, carapanolides H–I (6, 7), were isolated from the oil of Carapa guianasis AUBLET (Meliaceae) seeds. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses using 1D and 2D NMR spectra and FABMS. Carapanolides C (1), E (3), and I (7) exhibited moderate activity in the P388 (IC₅₀ 17.9 μM in 1, 15.8 μM in 3) and L1210 cell lines (IC₅₀ 13.3 μM in 1, 18.1 μM in 3, 16.9 μM in 7). On the other hand, Carapanolide D (2) exhibited a strong inhibitory effect in the HL-60 cell line (IC₅₀ 11.0 μM), Carapanolides F (4) showed inhibitory activity in the L1210 cell line (IC₅₀ 15.9 μM), and the cytotoxic activity of Carapanolides I (7) was moderate in all cell lines.     

Culture of human cardiac stem cells with improved cardiosphere-growing medium in vitro

AIM: To prepare an improved medium for culturing human cardiac stem cells. METHODS: The heart samples of the right auricle obtained from the patients after cardiac surgery were minced into pieces (about 1 mm×1 mm×1 mm), digested and cultured. The primary cells obtained were cultured with improved cardiosphere-growing medium (CGM) for proliferation, and the cells were identified by flow cytometry. Finally, purer c-kit+ cells were obtained by the method of magnetic bead sorting. RESULTS: After about 2 weeks of culture, small, round and phase-bright cells migrated from the well-adherent explants over a layer of fibroblast-like cells. These cells were collected by a brief digestion with Accutase, washed and cultured with improved CGM. No significant difference of the proliferative capacity between using traditional CGM and improved CGM was observed. After subculture and proliferation, the identification result by flow cytometry showed that the positive rate of c-Kit surface marker on these cells was (6.8±2.1)%. By the method of anti-c-Kit magnetic bead sorting, purer c-Kit+ cardiac stem cells were obtained and differentiated into cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: Purer c-Kit+ cardiac stem cells are isolated with the improved CGM culture.     

ACAD样板图在建筑绘图中的应用

样板图是ACAD技术的重要内容,是提高ACAD绘图效率的有效手段之一。介绍了ACAD样板图的概念,并以建筑样板图为例,从有形内容、有名环境设置和系统变量设置3个方面详细讨论了样板图的制作方法。以通用图框和常用图块为例,阐述ACAD样板图的有形内容。以图层为例阐述ACAD样板图的有名环境设置。最后以常用系统变量设置来完善ACAD样板图的内涵。     

Fisheries independent assessment of a returning fishery: Abundance of juvenile white seabass (Atractoscion nobilis) in the shallow nearshore waters of the Southern California Bight, 1995–2005

Nearshore, coastal and embayment areas off southern California were sampled to determine the spatial and temporal patterns abundance and size distributions of young white seabass in the shallow (5–14 m) waters from Santa Barbara south to Imperial Beach off San Diego. A total of 19 stations, 13 in nearshore coastal waters and 6 in embayments, dispersed along the Southern California Bight were surveyed in each sampling month using 45.7 m variable mesh, monofilament gill nets. In the 11-year period of sampling (April 1995–June 2005), a total of 8075 juvenile white seabass was captured in 42 sampling months. The mean catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE: 2.0 fish/net ± 0.2) for juvenile white seabass varied significantly among stations during the 10-year period (1996–2005) of the full station sampling. Stations located near large rocky headlands, such as Palos Verdes, Santa Barbara, Newport, and La Jolla yielded the highest catches. Although CPUE peaked in August 1999 as a result of strong year classes in 1996–1998, overall, catches tripled over the 11-year sampling period at seven coastal sites increasing significantly at a rate equivalent to 0.22 fish/(net year). These relatively high catches of wild, juvenile fish over the last decade, along with significant increases in commercial CPUE and increased recreational catches overall, indicate that the natural population of white seabass is in the process of recovery. Commercial catches are again comparable to levels attained prior to the fishery collapse in the 1970s and 1980s. Therefore, we propose that the white seabass now represents one of the first documented cases of a recovering, demersal species of commercial importance. The ban of nearshore commercial gill net fishing by Proposition 132 probably contributed greatly to the increase in the population size that led to this recovery. In addition, the succession of warm water years that occurred from 1983 to the strong El Niño event of 1997–1998 also played an important role in the successful recruitment of white seabass.