Influence of death struggle on the structural changes in chub mackerel muscle during chilled storage

ABSTRACT: Chub mackerel (34–35 cm, approximately 500 g), which were caught by fishing with a rod and line at the Bungo Channel, Oita prefecture, were rested overnight in a fish preserve and either killed by decapitation (control group) or allowed to struggle in air for 30 min (struggled group). Muscle samples were excised every 4 h, and measurements on breaking strength and histological observations were done for both groups. The breaking strength of muscle in the control group was significantly higher than that in the struggled group, whereby a decrease in breaking strength was delayed for 12 h compared to the struggled group. Light microscopy showed space extension among muscle cells in association with a decrease in breaking strength. Especially in the struggled group, the extended area was larger and the difference in area was significant at the time when breaking strength showed a significant difference. Using electron microscopy, the extended area showed cut and/or disappeared collagen fibrils. From these results, it was demonstrated that struggling to death promoted the degradation of collagen fibrils and the weakening of connective tissue and, resultantly, led to the faster softening of muscle of chub mackerel.     

智利外海渔场竹筴鱼资源分布特征

根据在智利 2 0 0海里专属经济区外海的渔场周年探捕调查 ,对智利竹鱼 (Trachurusmur phyi)单位努力量渔获量 (CPUE)的构成和季节变化及其资源分布特征进行了初步探讨。结果显示 ,竹鱼在智利外海分布广 ,30°～ 43°S ,78°～ 87°W海区均可形成拖网作业渔场。南半球冬季竹鱼密集分布区较偏南 (38°～43°S) ,8月密集分布区向北偏移至 35°～ 40°S,春季鱼群继续向北洄游至 30°～35°S ,并开始分散索饵 ,集群性较差 ,到翌年秋季再集群向南洄游 ,在 38°～ 43°S ,78°～ 85°W形成越冬场。CPUE以冬季最高 ,春、秋季次之 ,夏季最低。冬季以 6月份平均CPUE最高 ,达 1 5 .1 8t/h ,夏季以 3月份平均CPUE最低 ,仅 1 .1 2t/h。     

冻干马鲛鱼调理品前处理工艺的优化

研究冻干马鲛鱼调理制品前处理的工艺优化条件,结果表明:0.1%维生素C和0.02%TBHQ复配作为鱼肉抗氧化剂;抗氧化处理工艺参数:浸泡温度5℃、浸泡时间10min、料液比为1:2;鱼肉附味配方为:食用盐1.5%、I+G0.02%、酱油6%、姜汁1.5%;防肉质破损蒸煮工艺参数:0.3%山梨糖醇液、处理浸泡时间90s、蒸煮温度95℃、蒸煮时间3min。     

黄渤海蓝点马鲛个体生殖力的研究

本文根据1992～1993年黄渤海蓝点马鲛产卵期内采集的114个卵巢样品分析和组织切片观察，对其个体生殖力进行研究。结果表明，蓝点马鲛为分批排卵鱼类，在产卵期内排卵2～3次，个体绝对生殖力在45～5257千粒，个体组对生殖力和相对生殖力随年龄、体长、体重的生长逐渐增加，其中与年龄的关系最为密切。     

南太平洋常设委员会渔业管理趋势及对我国发展智利竹(竹夹)鱼渔业的影响初探

为解决我国大型加工拖网远洋船队集中北太平洋生产,造成经济效益滑坡的现象,经过连续三年的探捕活动,我国于2003年开始正式在东南太平洋公海捕捞生产智利竹笑鱼,而此区域处于南太平洋常设委员会(CPPS)的管辖范畴。为此简要介绍了智利竹笑鱼渔业状况、CPPS渔业管理趋势。分析了这些趋势对我国发展智利竹笑鱼渔业产生的影响,并提出了一些相应的对策与建议:(1)确保渔船遵守《执行协定》和《框架协议》的规定;(2)加强与智利方面的沟通;(3)健全情报体系,加强船员培训。     

浅谈资源租金理论及其在渔业中的应用

在综述地租理论、产权理论和公共物品外部性理论等自然资源租金理论的基础上,结合渔业资源的经济特性,提出了渔业资源租金的理论框架及其计算方法。渔业资源除稀缺性外,还具有再生性、洄游性、共享性等特性。由于具有共享性以及存在所有权和产权分离等问题,使得渔民在捕捞作业中只重视使用捕捞权利,而忽视对捕捞种类的养护,因此在自由入渔情况下捕捞生产中存在"市场失灵"和负外部性问题。针对上述问题,本文提出了在我国近海实施渔业资源租金管理制度的必要性和可行性;同时,借鉴国内外渔业资源租金研究方法,以近海鲐鱼(Scomber japanicus)资源为例,提出了鲐鱼资源租金计算的基本框架,为下一步深入研究打下基础。     

用剩余产量模型专家系统(CLIMPROD)评估东海鲐鲹鱼类最大持续产量

根据统计资料，利用剩余产量模型专家系统（CLIMPROD）对东海鲐鲹鱼类最大持续产量（MSY）作了评估分析。结果表明：东海鲐鲹鱼类合计分析时的MSY在34．5~44．2万吨之间，接种类分别评估时，鲐鱼的MSY为16．1万吨，蓝圆鲹为22．2万吨；按区域分析时，鲐鲹鱼东海北部群的MSY为12．5~13．2万吨，福建沿海群为20．1万吨。     

Vertical distribution of jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus larvae in the southern part of the East China Sea

ABSTRACT:   The vertical distribution of jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus larvae was described based on discrete depth sampling using a MTD net system from the surface down to 100 m depth at 13 stations in the southern East China Sea between 27 February and 10 March 2002. Of the 20 782 fish larvae collected, T. japonicus larvae were most abundant, accounting for 37.0% of the total catch. The average abundance of the larvae was 419.0 individuals/10 m², with the average (± standard deviation [SD]) body length of 2.6 ± 0.3 mm (range 1.8–7.5 mm). The larvae were concentrated in the mixed layer, with peak densities in the 10–30 m layer. The average (±SD) weighted mean depth was 21.5 ± 7.8 m. There was no evidence of either diel or ontogenetic vertical migration for the early larvae of <5 mm. More than 90% of the T. japonicus larvae were collected in the water temperature ranging from 21 to 23°C. Vertical profiles of the larval densities and chlorophyll a coincided with each other, which might reflect the abundance of their main prey organisms, copepod nauplii and copepodites, since copepod production is known to be closely related with the chlorophyll a concentration.