食用菌出口技术性贸易壁垒的博弈分析

目前,技术性贸易壁垒严重阻碍我国食用菌出口.该研究在分析我国食用菌食用菌产品出口企遭遇的技术性贸易壁垒现状的基础上,构建应对技术性贸易壁垒的博弈分析框架,并结合博弈模型,提出相应的对策与建议.     

No country is an island in regulating food safety:How the WTO monitors Chinese food safety laws through the Trade Policy Review Mechanism(TPRM)

Established within the framework of the World Trade Organization(WTO),the Trade Policy Review Mechanism(TPRM) reviews periodically the trade policies of all WTO Members. The review includes many aspects of food safety regulation. China's trade policy is reviewed every two years. This paper analyses in detail the reviews of China's trade policy in 2006,2008,2010,2012 and 2014. It focuses in particular on food safety laws and types of standards,alignment of domestic standards with international standards,the role of different domestic institutions,transparency and notification of food safety measures under the WTO agreements on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures(SPS) and on Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT Agreement),import and export,and geographical indications(GIs). It concludes that the WTO TPRM can contribute,within its mandate,to reform of Chinese food safety laws and improvement of food safety in China. It notes that China has already undertaken substantial reforms of its system for regulating food safety. It recommends that China should continue to participate actively in the TPRM,follow its own path with regard to alignment and learn selectively from other WTO Members.     

技术性贸易壁垒对我国农产品出口的影响及对策研究

随着国际贸易的迅猛发展,传统的关税、非关税壁垒不断被拆除,但国际市场的激烈竞争使得技术性贸易壁垒问题凸现。发达国家纷纷利用这个灵活性、隐蔽性和针对性均较强的非关税保护措施来阻止发展中国家的产品进入本国市场,这对我国的农产品出口造成了巨大的影响,因此,我国要进一步熟悉和了解技术性贸易壁垒的内容,分析其对我国农产品出口的影响及采取积极的应对措施。     

技术壁垒影响我国大米出口日本的实证分析

首先从出口贸易理论方面分析了我国大米出口日本的影响因素,然后建立模型进行实证分析,经模型调整及对两个结果的交叉综合分析表明:对我国大米出口日本影响显著的因素是日本的购买力水平、我国大米的实际出口价格和日本的技术性贸易壁垒。同时着重分析了技术性贸易壁垒对我国大米出口日本产生的消极影响。     

中欧贸易与欧盟技术性贸易壁垒

欧盟设置的技术性贸易壁垒(TBT)对我国产品的出口产生了严重影响。本文通过分析技术性贸易壁垒的特点、中欧贸易现状、欧盟对我出口产品实施的技术性贸易壁垒等,探讨我国政府和企业的应对措施。     

WTO/TBT框架下纺织品与服装护理标签壁垒应对的法律对策

通过立法规范纺织品与服装护理标签,是发达国家保护国际贸易的重要手段之一,也是WTO/TBT协议的基本要求。其重要性自不待言。但反观我国,在这一方面问题颇多。通过对WTO/TBT协议有关内容的简要解读,以及中外纺织品与服装护理标签制定的比较,就如何应对国外〖CS0,0,0,204〗纺织品与服装护理标签壁垒提出自己的思考和建议。     

Investigations concerning the sustainability of remediation by land deposition of tributyltin contaminated harbour sediments

Sediments often contain high concentrations of tributyltin, which is used as a biocide in antifouling paints. The aim of our project was to assess land deposition as an alternative in dealing with TBT-contaminated harbour sediments. Therefore, we followed the biological degradation of TBT under aerobic and anaerobic conditions at different temperatures using defined laboratory experiments and performing field measurements. With the data obtained, a risk assessment is performed. The biological degradation of TBT is faster under aerobic conditions and with increasing temperature. The half-lives found show the dependency of the degradation rates on the temperature between 5 to 55°C The degradation rate determined for water under the same conditions (just biological degradation, without photolysis) is almost 4 times higher than in the sediment. The field studies gave a degradation rate of around 10% per year in untreated sediment and 30% per year in restacked sediments. We did not observe any interference of released TBT with ground water or surrounding areas. The TBT uptake in plants was low. Based on our results, a multidimensional risk evaluation was done, concerning the TBT and its degradation products dibutyl tin (DBT) and rnonobutyl tin (MBT) released from the deposition area. The land deposition appears to be a sustainable solution for dealing with TBT-contaminated harbour sediments. Compared to other disposals, it is economically one of the cheapest and, from an ecological point of view, it is acceptable.     

中日绿茶贸易中的技术性贸易壁垒度量

通过基于楔子模型的关税等价方法度量中日绿茶贸易中技术性贸易壁垒。首先从个体决策优化开始,采用家庭效用函数测算日本消费者对不同产地绿茶的消费偏好,再运用中日绿茶贸易和日本国内市场月度统计数据测算中日绿茶贸易中的技术性贸易壁垒。     

浅议宁波水产品出口所面临的问题及对策

近年来宁波海水产品出口遇到越来越多CAC、SPS和TBT的影响。发达国家凭借其自身的技术、经济优势，制定了苛刻的技术标准、技术法规和技术制度等。在这种形势下，分析CAC、SPS和TBT协议对宁波海水产品出口的影响并提出相应对策。