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11.
Phoma macrostoma var. incolorata and P. exigua var. exigua were isolated from leaf spots of artichoke in Mie Prefecture, Japan in June 1997. Colonies of P. macrostoma var. incolorata grew fast, pigmented the medium vinous without staining the mycelium, and changed blue with NaOH. Conidial size in culture
was 3 to 10 μm × 2 to 4.5 μm. Colonies of P. exigua var. exigua grew fast without pigmentation and changed yellow-green with NaOH. The conidia were sometimes septate, and size of aseptate
conidia was 4 to 9.5 μm × 2 to 3.5 μm. These fungi produced gray, round spots on artichoke leaves. This report is the first on the occurrence of artichoke black
rot caused by P. macrostoma var. incolorata and P. exigua var. exigua in Japan.
Received 5 July 2001/ Accepted in revised form 12 March 2002 相似文献
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Naoki ISOBE Chihiro IWAMOTO Hirokazu KUBOTA Yukinori YOSHIMURA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(6):433-437
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of the somatic cell count (SCC) in milk on reproductive performance, such as pregnancy status in the prepartum period and ovarian function in the postpartum period, in dairy cows. Blood samples were collected every week from one month prepartum to parturition in order to measure the concentrations of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2α (PGFM), estrone sulfate (E1S) and progesterone. Milk samples were collected three times per week in both the prepartum (for one month before the dry period) and postpartum periods (for 3 months immediately after parturition) to measure the SCC. Progesterone was also determined in the whole milk of postpartum cows to define the day of the first ovulation. In the prepartum period, the maximum SCC negatively correlated with the pregnancy period (r = –0.77), but not the calf birth weight. Positive and negative correlations were observed between the average SCC and PGFM or progesterone
concentrations in plasma, respectively (r = 0.84 or –0.92, respectively), at 39 weeks of pregnancy. In the postpartum period, a correlation was observed between the day of the first ovulation and both the average and maximum SCC (r = –0.74 and –0.75, respectively), whereas days open was not related to the SCC. These results suggest that a high SCC in the prepartum period may advance parturition by increasing PGF2α and decreasing progesterone and that the first ovulation in the postpartum period was affected by a high SCC. 相似文献
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Kazuki YAMAGAMI Nobuhiko YAMAUCHI Kaiyu KUBOTA Sho NISHIMURA Vishwajit Sur CHOWDHURY Kenichi YAMANAKA Masashi TAKAHASHI Shoji TABATA Masa-aki HATTORI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(6):468-475
The forkhead box a (Foxa) protein family has been found to play important roles in mammals. Recently, the expression of Foxa2 was reported in the mouse uterus, and it was reported to be involved in regulation of implantation. However, the regulation of Foxa2 expression in the uterus is still poorly understood. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the expressional profiles of Foxa2 in the rat uterus during the estrus cycle and pregnancy. Furthermore, the effect of steroid hormones and Hedgehog protein on the expression of Foxa2 was analyzed in vivo and in vitro. In this study, the level of expression of Foxa2 was low in the rat uterus during the different stages of the estrus cycle. However, the expression increased transiently during early pregnancy at 3.5 days post coitus (dpc) and decreased at 5.5 dpc. In ovariectomized rats, P4 treatment had no effect on the
expression of Foxa2 compared with the expression in control animals. Moreover, the expression of Foxa2 in cultured epithelial cells was not increased by P4 treatment in vitro. However, Foxa2 expression was significantly decreased in the rat uterus after 24 h of E2 treatment. Treatment of cells with a recombinant Hedgehog protein significantly increased the expression of Foxa2. These results suggest that the expression of Foxa2 may transiently increase just before the implantation and it may be regulated by E2 and Hedgehog protein. 相似文献
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Yuria UMEMURA Ryosuke MIYAMOTO Rie HASHIMOTO Kyoko KINOSHITA Takuya OMOTEHARA Daichi NAGAHARA Tetsushi HIRANO Naoto KUBOTA Kiichi MINAMI Shogo YANAI Natsumi MASUDA Hideto YUASA Youhei MANTANI Eiko MATSUO Toshifumi YOKOYAMA Hiroshi KITAGAWA Nobuhiko HOSHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(12):1587-1598
Mammalian sexual fate is determined by the presence or absence of sex determining
region of the Y chromosome (Sry) in the “bipotential” gonads.
Recent studies have demonstrated that both male and female sexual development are induced
by distinct and active genetic pathways. Breeding the Y chromosome from Mus m.
domesticus poschiavinus (POS) strains into C57BL/6J (B6J) mice
(B6J-XYPOS) has been shown to induce sex reversal (75%: bilateral ovary, 25%:
true hermaphrodites). However, our B6N-XYPOS mice, which were generated by
backcrossing of B6J-XYPOS on an inbred B6N-XX, develop as males (36%: bilateral
testis with fertility as well as bilateral ovary (34%), and the remainder develop as true
hermaphrodites. Here, we investigated in detail the expressions of essential sex-related
genes and histological features in B6N-XYPOS mice from the fetal period to
adulthood. The onsets of both Sry and SRY-box 9 (Sox9) expressions as determined
spatiotemporally by whole-mount immunohistochemistry in the B6N-XYPOS gonads
occurred 2–3 tail somites later than those in B6N-XYB6 gonads, but earlier than
those in B6J-XYPOS, respectively. It is possible that such a small difference
in timing of the Sry expression underlies testicular development in our
B6N-XYPOS. Our study is the first to histologically show the expression and
ectopic localization of a female-related gene in the XYPOS testes and a
male-related gene in the XYPOS ovaries. The results from these and previous
experiments indicate that the interplay between genome variants, epigenetics and
developmental gene regulation is crucial for testis development. 相似文献
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Tetsushi HIRANO Shogo YANAI Takuya OMOTEHARA Rie HASHIMOTO Yuria UMEMURA Naoto KUBOTA Kiichi MINAMI Daichi NAGAHARA Eiko MATSUO Yoshiko AIHARA Ryota SHINOHARA Tomoyuki FURUYASHIKI Youhei MANTANI Toshifumi YOKOYAMA Hiroshi KITAGAWA Nobuhiko HOSHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(10):1207-1215
Neonicotinoids, some of the most widely used pesticides in the world, act as agonists to
the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) of insects, resulting in death from
abnormal excitability. Neonicotinoids unexpectedly became a major topic as a compelling
cause of honeybee colony collapse disorder, which is damaging crop production that
requires pollination worldwide. Mammal nAChRs appear to have a certain affinity for
neonicotinoids with lower levels than those of insects; there is thus rising concern about
unpredictable adverse effects of neonicotinoids on vertebrates. We hypothesized that the
effects of neonicotinoids would be enhanced under a chronic stressed condition, which is
known to alter the expression of targets of neonicotinoids, i.e.,
neuronal nAChRs. We performed immunohistochemical and behavioral analyses in male mice
actively administered a neonicotinoid, clothianidin (CTD; 0, 10, 50 and 250 mg/kg/day),
for 4 weeks under an unpredictable chronic stress procedure. Vacuolated seminiferous
epithelia and a decrease in the immunoreactivity of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione
peroxidase 4 were observed in the testes of the CTD+stress mice. In an open field test,
although the locomotor activities were not affected, the anxiety-like behaviors of the
mice were elevated by both CTD and stress. The present study demonstrates that the
behavioral and reproductive effects of CTD become more serious in combination with
environmental stress, which may reflect our actual situation of multiple exposure. 相似文献
17.
YOSHIOKI OOZEKI AKINORI TAKASUKA HIROSHI OKAMURA HIROSHI KUBOTA RYO KIMURA 《Fisheries Oceanography》2009,18(5):328-345
Patchiness structure and mortality rates of Pacific saury Cololabis saira larvae were estimated in the frontal area of the Kuroshio Extension in spring 2000 and 2001. Drogued GPS buoys, which were used as Lagrangian reference points, were deployed to mark dense patches of saury larvae and a series of samplings was conducted using a neuston net around the buoys during the night over a period of several days. A total of 225 tows were conducted and 11 690 specimens were sampled during four buoy tracking. Despite the occurrence of water diffusion, patchiness density, distance between adjacent patches and patch size estimated by geostatistical analysis did not drastically change during the buoy tracking and these parameters were robust for the difference of variogram models and the threshold larval density defining patchiness. Such a stability of the patchiness allowed the estimation of larval mortality from the decrease of larval density for different size classes with respect to individual growth based on the samples taken repeatedly during the buoy tracking. Although low or negative values were obtained for the larvae right after hatching, probably due to continuous hatching, the estimates of mortality then increased and became stable in the range of 23–37% day−1 with a small standard deviation until their knob length reached to 36 mm. In situ information on the patchiness structure and larval mortality provides crucial parameters for simulating the recruitment process of small pelagic fishes in high-resolution hydrodynamic models. 相似文献
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Dusadee TUNHUN Yoshiaki ITOH Katsuji MORIOKA Satoshi KUBOTA Atsushi OBATAKE 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(3):662-671
ABSTRACT: In order to examine the effect of meat oxidation on the gel forming ability before grinding the meat with salt, fish meat was washed with CuCl2 solution, and the gel strength as well as total sulfhydryl (SH) groups and sodium dodecylsulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) patterns were analysed. Washing with CuCl2 solution resulted in a decrease in the total SH content of fish meat and the formation of myosin heavy chain (MHC) dimer through disulfide bonding. The plot of logarithmic gel strength versus protein concentration after heating the washed meat at 80°C in the presence of 3% NaCl to form a gel illustrated that the gel forming ability of meats washed with CuCl2 solution was weaker than the control meat. The gel of meat washed with CuCl2 showed the polymerization of MHC and MHC dimers through disulfide bonding much more than the control meat gel, although a small decrease in the SH group content after heating. Further washing with ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) solution to remove CuCl2 from the CuCl2 -washed meat also resulted in similar behavior for MHC polymerization and SH content as the CuCl2 -washed meat, and the gel was still weaker than the control gel. It was found that the oxidation of SH groups during washing with CuCl2 solution accompanied by MHC dimer formation in the meat results in the weakening of its gel forming ability. 相似文献
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Konosuke OTOMARU Takuro FUJIKAWA Yasuo SAITO Takaaki ANDO Takeshi OBI Naoki MIURA Chikara KUBOTA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1191-1193
A 10-month-old Japanese black heifer was diagnosed as having an intra-abdominal
cyst using computed tomography (CT). Through a posterior ventral midline incision, the
cyst was removed, and the heifer completely recovered after the surgery. CT scans enabled
detection of the intra-abdominal cyst and measurements of the diameter of the cyst before
the surgery. 相似文献