浅析县级国家重点公益林生态效益补偿实施方案编制

根据国家财政部和云南省财政厅、林业厅的有关文件,昆明市纳入中央森林生态效益补偿范围的第一批重点公益林面积20 402万hm2。文章介绍了该实施方案的编制依据、原则、目标、规模与布局,并提出了方案实施中需要采取的组织保障、制度保障、经费保障等措施。     

基于TransModeler软件的公交信号优先模型研究

随着公交优先思想的逐渐被接受,作为实现公交优先的主要方式——公交信号优先自然被提上议程。针对大中城市道路交通拥堵、公交运行缓慢等状况,应用微观交通仿真软件TransModeler建立路网车辆运行模型。以哈尔滨市第5路公交为实例,提出公交信号优先方案,应用TransModeler对其进行仿真。通过仿真结果对方案实施前后各路段的交通流运行状况的评价,证明论文提出的方案具有一定的科学实效性。同时表明应用TransModeler软件可以快速、有效的实现各个路网优化方案的对比,节省繁琐数据输入的时间,仿真输出数据简单明了,对今后公交线网优化有很大的帮助。     

负荷传感转向液压系统优先阀的稳健设计

为了实现优先阀的稳健设计,基于解析法及SIMULINK分别建立了优先阀动态数学模型及仿真模型,仿真分析了系统各参数变化对优先阀动态响应特性的影响规律。在分析动态响应特性主要影响因素的基础上,以优先阀转向系统的流量响应超调量最小为设计目标,以优先阀的阀芯直径、弹簧刚度及节流口面积为设计变量,以方向盘角速度、转向负载、工作负载及输出流量为不确定因素,完成了基于损失模型的稳健设计。结果表明,稳健设计提高了设计目标的稳健性,一定程度上提升了优先阀的动态响应特性,该设计方法同样适用于其他阀件的改进设计。     

以新农村建设为契机促进我国全面现代化

新农村建设既是我国社会主义现代化建设的重要内容，又是我国实现全面现代化的关键和重要途径。在社会主义现代化建设的新时期，应以党的新农村建设的政策为契机，通过各种途径加快农村政治、经济、文化、社会各方面事业的发展，重点加强农村建设人力与财力资源的开发和利用。这对于全面实现我国社会主义现代化建设事业具有重要意义。     

Can grain growers and agronomists identify common leaf diseases and biosecurity threats in grain crops? An Australian example

The Australian grains industry relies upon growers and agronomists to be aware of pests and diseases in their crops and to notify their local State Department of Agriculture when they suspect an incursion of a high priority pest (HPP). This raises the question “Are growers and agronomists, within the Australian grains industry, able to meet this expectation?” A training needs analysis was undertaken to determine the capacity of growers and agronomists to identify three endemic diseases (powdery mildew in barley, stripe rust in wheat and blackleg in canola) in their crops. Their knowledge of the top four-biosecurity threats to the Australian grains industry (Karnal bunt, Khapra beetle, barley stripe rust and Russian wheat aphid) was also determined. Benchmarks for successfully identifying these diseases were set beforehand at 70% of growers and 80% of agronomists; participants’ ability to identify these endemic diseases in crops met these benchmarks. However, their ability to recognise blackleg in canola was significantly lower than for the two cereal foliar diseases. There was a significant correlation of region with these capabilities, with a greater proportion of participants in Western Australia (WA) recognising powdery mildew in barley than in Eastern Australia (EA). In contrast, a greater proportion of participants in EA were able to identify stripe rust of wheat than in WA. The education levels of participants corresponded with their ability to identify blackleg in canola. Participants’ knowledge and awareness of symptoms and signs associated with the top four biosecurity threats were well below expectations; fewer than half of the participants answered questions on these four HPPs. Gender, age and educational level did not correlate with the participants’ knowledge and awareness of the four HPPs with the exception of Karnal bunt. Participants with a higher level of education had significantly more knowledge of symptoms associated with Karnal bunt than did participants with lower levels of education. The use of diagnostic services by the grains industry participants is a vital component of general surveillance. This survey showed that use of these services by growers was significantly lower than by agronomists. Awareness of the National Exotic Plant Pest Hotline and GrainGuard was significantly lower than other diagnostic services for both growers and agronomists. Diagnostic services need to be promoted further to increase awareness and use by growers and agronomists. Correct diagnosis of disease and pest symptoms is vital for the biosecurity of the grains industry.     

城市导游信息系统的研究与设计

基于Internet Web技术,建立城市旅游导游信息系统。在系统中,用户可以根据自己的需要查询到相关的信息,选择最佳的游游路线。本设计采用图形结构中几个经典算法并予以改进,使算法具有创新性。系统具有良好的扩充性,可随应用的发展进一步升级。     

无穷论域上的Fuzzy相似选择

在已有的Ｆｕｚｚｙ相似选择问题中，许多都是在有限论域上讨论的。本文讨论了 无穷论域上的Ｆｕｚｚｙ相似选择问题，使Ｆｕｚｚｙ相似选择趋于完全化、通过给出无穷论域上的相似优先比的定义，并对其进行集值统计估值，从而给出了Ｆｕｚｚｙ相似选择的新方法。这个方法对于有限论域上的相似选择也适用，最后给出了进行Ｆｕｚｚｙ相似选择的新准则，并证明了利用准则进行相似选择与原准则有相同的效果。     

我国湿地松主要引种区气候区划的研究

选择了１６个与水热状况有关的气象因子，作Ｒ型主成分分析，用前５个主成分坐标作模糊ＩＳＯＤＡＴＡ聚类分析，将研究区划分为５类，用逐步判别分析建立了各类的判别函数式，回判准确率为８９．３５％，然后结合模糊相似优先比的结果，将我国湿地松主林引种区域分为气候最适宜引种区，气候适宜引种区和气候次适宜引种区３个气候区，湿热气候最适宜引种亚区，湿润气候最适宜引种亚区，温暖气候适宜引种亚区，温和气候适宜引种亚区４     

我省小麦种质资源研究现状与发展方向

小麦种质资源研究的主要目的是为育种家提供丰富的且具有遗传多样性的亲本."七五"以来,我省在小麦种质资源征集方面取得了较大成绩,但多年来用于种质资源研究的方法并没有很大进展,这与现代科学技术的快速发展并不协调.根据小麦种质资源现状以及当前生产需求来调整小麦种质资源工作的重点,并将现代科学技术应用于小麦种质创新,是今后种质资源研究的发展方向.     

模糊决策中的综合距离优先法

本文提出的用于模糊决策的综合距离优先法与相似优先比法是等价的，但综合距离优先法更为直观、简洁。