AN APPRONTMATE CALCULATING METHOD FOR WALL PLATES OF MAN'' S DRY GAS HOLDERS

The basic equations of wall plates of MAN' S dry gas holders are derived in this paper. According to the law of cylindrical bending given by the finite element results .we derive some approximate formula calculating the deflection and stresses of the wall plates from the basic equations. Compared with the known approximate calculating method.the method car. obviously increase the percision.     

苗期调亏处理对玉米根系生长影响的试验研究

以玉米为试验材料 ,利用盆栽试验研究了调亏灌溉对苗期根系形态、活力和干物质累积的影响。试验结果表明 :调亏灌溉减少根系干物质累积 ,根冠比、平均根长和根系活力 ( TTC还原量 )提高 ;单株根系条数下降 ;根系活力在复水后仍保持较高水平。表明调亏在量上抑制根系生长 ,但在形态和吸收功能上表现出一定的补偿效应。     

节水灌溉的水稻干物质积累C-R模型研究

介绍了水稻干物质模型的研究进展和Chapman-Richards模型的数学结构以及该模型在描述林木生长和不同生物种群生长过程中的应用，并根据国家“863”节水农业专项子课题现场试验资料，用Chapman-Richards模型模拟了水稻干物质积累过程。结果表明。用Chapman-Richards生长方程来模拟控灌水稻干物质积累过程中，Logistic模型拟合效果最好。并根据模型参数对水稻生长过程进行了分析。     

两种有效的预测方法理论分析及实践

预算实际上是一种建模,即根据过去和现在已有的信息建立一个从过去引伸到未来的模型。而时序分析法和灰色系统理论是两种有效的预测方法。为此,介绍了这两种预测方法的原理,并预测了新疆兵团的农机情况。其结果表明:未来10年,新疆农机总动力和投入将会有较大幅度的增长,而农业机械化程度将趋于最高值。     

肥沙混施对盐碱地冬小麦耗水特性与生长的影响

为解析春限一水条件下盐碱地改良措施对小麦耗水和产量调控作用,于2015—2018年连续3个冬小麦生长季,设置耕层掺黄河泥沙(SS)、配施生物有机肥(FF)和掺黄河泥沙配施生物有机肥(SF) 3个处理,以不作处理为对照(CK),研究不同处理下农田土壤水分变化和冬小麦干物质积累规律。结果表明:连续3年产量水平为3 317. 77～5 449. 52 kg/hm~2,各处理间以SF处理的籽粒产量最高,该处理与CK相比,籽粒产量提高35%～51%;总耗水量变幅为352. 85～394. 89 mm,不同处理间总耗水量均以CK最低,以SF处理最高(361. 81～394. 89 mm);农田水分利用效率变幅为9. 01～13. 96 kg/(hm~2·mm),以SF处理最高(12. 02～13. 96 kg/(hm~2·mm)),比CK高33%～48%,其次为FF处理和SS处理,分别比CK高9%～32%、9%～18%。SS或FF处理可增加冬小麦拔节前0～200 cm土层贮水量,增大拔节至成熟阶段的耗水量及其占总耗水量的比例,促进冬小麦对土壤贮水和深层土壤水分的利用,最终提高冬小麦的生物量和籽粒产量。冬小麦籽粒产量与干物质积累量、总穗粒数呈显著正相关;水分利用效率与冬小麦耗水量、产量呈二次曲线关系。在本研究条件下,随着籽粒产量提高,水分利用效率快速增加;而随耗水量增加,各处理间水分利用效率增减表现不同。综合考虑产量、收获指数和水分利用效率,确定掺黄河泥沙配施生物有机肥处理(SF)是本研究条件下的最佳处理。     

我国谷物干燥机械的发展现状及对策

谷物干燥是粮食生产的重要步骤。我国是粮食生产和消费大国,因地制宜,大力发展谷物干燥机械,对于解决粮食生产过程中的损失和提高谷物品质有着极其重要的意义。为此,针对我国谷物干燥机械发展过程中存在的问题,提出了对策及建议,为我国谷物干燥机械的发展研究提供了参考依据。     

旱作多功能精密穴播轮的研究

通过旱作多功能精密穴播轮工作机理的研究,建立了容种、充种、清种、成穴过程相关数学模型,揭示了穴播轮转速、容种高度对播种质量的影响规律。     

Surface drainage requirement of crops: Application of a piecewise linear model for evaluating submergence tolerance

Crop tolerance to land submergence is an important criterion for designing a surface drainage system for agricultural lands. This paper collates the available data from various places in India related to the studies on the submergence tolerance of crops. The paper hypothesizes that a piecewise linear model could be used to describe crop response to land submergence. According to this hypothesis, there would be no yield decline for a few initial days of submergence. If submergence continues beyond this period then there would be linear decline in yield. The unknown parameters in the model are: optimum yield, threshold time and the slope which represents the per cent yield reduction per day of additional submergence beyond the threshold.Data in respect of wheat, pigeon peas, cowpeas, pearlmillet, maize and groundnuts indicate that the model describes the data well, although in many cases the threshold is 0.0. The yield reduction varies from 5.3 to 23.2% for each day of submergence beyond the threshold. It appears that to allow for more than 1–2 days of submergence will result in more than 10% reducation in yield of dryfoot crops. For the maize crop, the seedling stage is the most sensitive stage followed by the silking stage. The grain formation stage is the least sensitive, although even at this stage the threshold is 0.0 and yield reduction is 9.3% for each day of submergence beyond the threshold. The data for 9 test crops from Texas and Venezuela were well described by the model. It is concluded that the piecewise linear model is a useful tool for describing submergence tolerance of crops and for working out surface drainage requirements for a given level of yield reduction. Frequency analysis of the daily rainfall data from some selected locations indicates that there is every likelihood of submergence at most of the stations. It is suggested that there is an urgent need for developing wet farming techniques analogous to dry farming techniques.