桤柏混交林的效益探讨

桤柏混交林是川中丘陵区的主要造林类型。本文对不同年龄阶段的桤柏混交林进行了对比研究。结果表明：２６年生的混交林中其柏木在单位面积上的蓄积最比纯柏木林大８０．６％，地上中分生物量比纯林高４７．２％；混交林柏木的Ｎ，Ｐ，Ｋ，Ｃａ等营养元素含量分别 比纯柏林高６５．４７％，５０．４３％，７．７０％和１７．９６％；混交林内空气相对湿度比纯柏木林大９．４－１０．５％，混交林能改善生态环境，提高土壤肥力。     

Intercropping field crops between rows of Leucaena leucocephala under rainfed conditions in northern India

A field study was conducted for six years (1981–1986) on sandy loam soil on intercropping hedgerows of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) de Wit. with three field crops viz. maize (Zea mays L), black gram (Vigna mungo L) and cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L Taub.). In treatments 1 and 2 Leucaena hedges were planted as pure crops at close (25 cm × 75 cm) and wide (25 cm × 375 cm) spacings. In treatments 3, 4 and 5 the three field crops were intercropped between the hedgerows of Leucaena at the wide spacing, and in treatments 6, 7 and 8 the field crops were raised as pure crops. Leucaena was topped to 75 cm each time it attained a height of 175 cm. The pure crop of Leucaena at close spacing produced an average, over the six years, of 34 t ha⁻¹a⁻¹ of green fodder and 9.4 t ha⁻¹a⁻¹ of air dry fuelwood. The Leucaena at wide spacing produced 18.9 t ha⁻¹a⁻¹ of green fodder and 6.3 t ha⁻¹a⁻¹ of fuelwood. Intercropping with field crops decreased the yield of green fodder and fuelwood. The yield of all the field crops was less when raised as intercrops than as pure crops. Mean maximum net returns were obtained from intercrops of Leucaena and cluster bean (Rs 3540 ha⁻¹a⁻¹) which were significantly higher than the returns from pure crop of Leucaena at wide spacing but similar to the returns from pure crops of cluster bean. Leucaena with maize (Rs 3273 ha⁻¹a⁻¹) and black gram (Rs 3125 ha⁻¹a⁻¹) gave significantly higher net returns over pure crops of Leucaena at wide spacing, maize and black gram. ICRISAT = International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics- Hyderabad, India. CIAT = Centro International de Agricultura Tropical - Cali - Columbia     

生物质液化燃油的发展及其在我国应用探讨

介绍了生物燃油的概念及其研发现状,分析了我国发展生物燃油的必要性,简述了加工生物燃油的四种方法,并提出了我国发展生物燃油的相关对策。     

生物质热解液化技术研究现状及展望

生物质热解液化技术是把低能量密度生物质转化为高能量密度液体产物的一种新型生物质能利用技术。该技术很大程度上能缓解当今社会的能源危机以及环境污染，是人类开发可再生资源的一种非常有效的途径。本文简要介绍了国内外对这一技术的研究及其进展。     

转锥式生物质闪速热解液化反应器生产能力的计算

转锥式生物质闪速热解液化装置是当今研究的一个热点,也是一种很有前途的生物能利用技术,其反应器的生产能力是该装置设计和推广的一个重要参数和指标。本文着重研究了转锥式反应器生产能力的计算方法,为转锥式反应器的设计提供理论支持。     

浙江天童国家森林公园常绿阔叶林主要组成树种材积与生物量相关关系探讨

以天童国家森林公园常绿阔叶林主要组成树种为研究对象,通过测定其各组分生物量,建立了实测生物量与材积之间的回归模型,结果表明:主要组成树种各组分生物量与其材积之间存在着密切的相关关系,各主要树种材积与生物量的回归模型存在差异;回归方程精度较高,用于根据地区常绿阔叶林主要树种材积推算其生物量是可行的。     

河朔荛花灌丛特性及其毒性的初步研究

对山西吉县蔡家川流域荛花灌丛的分布及其提取液的毒性进行了初步研究，结果表明，河朔荛花一般分布在阳坡立地上，半阳坡生长不良，阴坡基本无分布，其生物量与立地条件有明显的关系，其乙醇取液对3龄粘虫有一定的拒食作用，胃毒作用不明显，无触杀作用，对粘虫的生长具有明显的抑制作用。     

西双版纳橡胶林细根生物量及其周转

用土钻法研究了西双版纳橡胶Hevea brasiensis林0～20cm土层中≤2mm细根的生物量和生长量,用分解袋法研究了橡胶林细根的分解,结果表明:0～10cm的细根生物量显著高于10～20cm的细根生物量(p<0.01);在0～20cm土层中,橡胶林活细根和死细根现存量分别为2 206 kg·hm~(-2)和345 kg·hm~(-2);活细根现存量的最大值出现在5月份,最小值出现在11月份;死细根现存量的最大值出现在2月份,最小值出现在8月份;年分解量、年死亡量、年生长量和年周转率分别为213 kg·hm~(-2)、733 kg·hm~(-2)、1 801 kg·hm~(-2)和82%。     

A review of measurement options for multipurpose trees

There is an urgent need to standardize the methods used to assess the growth of multipurpose trees. Most of the standard methods so far described have been developed specifically for use in multilocational trial networks. This paper was prepared for the F/FRED/ICRAF Workshop on MPTS Assessment Methods, held in Thailand in May 1991 to develop internationally-recognised standards for assessment methodology. It critically reviews the methods prescribed by different networks for height and diameter measurement, and for biomass estimation, giving researchers a range of methodological options to consider and re-emphasizing the need, all too often neglected, to define assessment methods clearly and unambiguously.     

土壤含水率对I—69杨苗木生长和生物量的影响

在3种土壤含水率条件下,研究了I-69杨插条苗的苗高、叶面积等生长进程和生物量。不同供水条件下苗木的生长进程相似,低供水处理封顶期提早10～15d.生物量测定表明,I-69杨十分喜水,高供水处理(土壤含水率保持在田间持水量的96％)的生物量为低供水处理(土壤含水率为田间持水量的55％)的2.74倍。