Technologies of Intelligent Vehicle in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS)

Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is the most effective method to solve the modern traffic problems. Intelligent vehicle plays a very important role on ITS, and it influences the success of ITS directly. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is briefly introduced. Then it is given that advanced vehicle control system and electrics stability program (ESP) in the key technology of intelligent transportation system. The control algorithm for vehicle movement is discussed and the test result is given.     

Overcoming hybridization barriers between pea and some of its wild relatives

Pea would benefit from the plasticity and adaptability of its cross-incompatible relatives Pisum fulvum and Lathyrus sativus L., and we have tested reciprocal sexual crossings by manually cross-pollinating plants of genotypes of these three species. Studies of in situ germination of pollen grains on stigmata showed that pollen tubes were generally unable to germinate or could not reach the ovary. A few putative hybrid pods were nevertheless harvested, with one grain per pod germinated in vitro, then micropropagated for flow cytometry, isoenzyme, molecular (ribosomal ITS PCR-RFLP) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) studies. One such grain was recovered from an inter-generic cross of P. sativum x L. sativus and four from an inter-specific P. sativum x P. fulvumcross. A strong cross-incompatibility was shown between pea and grass pea, where the putative hybrid turned out to be pea. Conversely, with the interspecific, P. sativum x P. fulvum cross, flow cytometry and isoenzymes with leaf tissues strongly suggested hybridity, while molecular approaches and GISH confirmed the production of inter-specific hybrids, and without the need for a wild type P. sativum accession as a bridging cross.     

DNA fingerprinting in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) with oligonucleotide probes for simple repetitive sequences

Summary Soybean DNA fingerprints were analyzed by digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probes complementary to simple repetitive sequences. The clearest and most polymorphic patterns were obtained with (AAT)₆ as a probe, with which all 47 soybean cultivars tested could be distinguished. However, DNA fingerprints of individuals within cultivars showed the same pattern. Using (CT)₈, (GAA)₅ or (AAGG)₄ as probes, clear polymorphic patterns among cultivars and accessions in the subgenus Soja (Glycine max and Glycine soja) were not observed, while quite different patterns were found in accessions in the subgenus Glycine. The results suggest that G. max and G. soja are closer in their genome structure. DNA fingerprints of reciprocal crosses between cultivars and accessions in the subgenus Soja were similar, and contained bands of both parents. In an F₂ population from these crosses, such bands segregated in a Mendelian fashion.     

中国黄土高原黄土-古土壤序列的红度对古气候的指示意义

Comparisons of red ratings (RR) with Fe_d, Fe_d/Fe_t, clay content, and magnetic susceptibility (x) of two loess-paleosol sequences at Luochuan and Lingtai on China's Loess Plateau were conducted to study the possible relationship between RR and pedogenic degrees of the two loess-paleosol sequences, and to discuss whether the RR could become new paleo-climatic indicators. Results showed that the RR of the two loess-paleosol sequences had positive, highly significant (P < 0.01) correlations with: 1) citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite (CBD) extracted iron (Fe_d), 2) ratios of CBD extracted iron to total iron (Fe_d/Fe_t), 3) clay (< 2 μm), and 4) magnetic susceptibility (x). This suggested that the RR of these loess-paleosol sequences could indicate degrees of loess weathering and pedogenesis and were potential paleo-climatic proxies. The strong correlations of RR to Fe_d and x also implied that during pedogenic processes, pedogenic hematite in loess and paleosols were closely related to the amount of total secondary iron oxides and pedogenic ferrimagnetic minerals (predominantly maghemite).     

一种非刚性运动目标图像跟踪的改进算法

针对玉米秸秆粉碎后抛撒运动的特点，提出一种改进的变形模板跟踪算法实现非刚性目标的运动跟踪，在两个方面对原有的算法进行了改进：1)选择适当的预测方法，减少遮挡物体对研究目标的影响。2)通过选择适当的特征区域把运动目标限制在局部区域，而不是对整帧图像进行处理。试验证明了该算法在目标跟踪的实现效率、精确性方面有一定的优势。     

Diversity of the ectomycorrhiza community at a uranium mining heap

Ectomycorrhiza (EM) community structure was analyzed at one bare heap site (BHS), one heap site with organic cover (HS-OH) and one reference site (RS) in the former uranium mining area near Ronneburg (Thuringia, Germany). Twenty-three EM morphotypes were distinguished, and 14 of them were additionally characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis. Colonization of birch by the different morphotypes was quantified, and the EM diversity at the different sites was investigated. Compared to RS, total EM colonization was reduced by 6% (P=0.851) at HS-OH and by 58% (P<0.001) at BHS. Likewise, EM diversity was reduced by 16% (P=0.229) at HS-OH and 52% (P<0.001) at BHS. The Sørensen similarity between EM samples from RS was nearly independent from the sampling date, whereas at HS-OH and especially BHS, the Sørensen similarity decreased with increasing time between the samplings. All EM fungal species dominating at the two heap sites were also present at RS. Thus, fungi with high tolerance against uranium and other stress factors at the heap sites (e.g. heavy metals, nutrient limitation, drought) were selected among all EM fungi of the area. Highly adapted fungi with a distribution restricted to the contaminated soils were not detected.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at .     

Phylogenetic relationships in the North African genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hedysarum</Emphasis> as inferred from ITS sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA

Sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA were analysed to precise their length (637–643 bp) and resolve phylogenetic relationships among eight Mediterranean species of the genus Hedysarum (Fabaceae). The infra-specific variability levels of the ITS sequences of spontaneous population of H. coronarium proved a lack of polymorphism both in the length and in the sequences examined in this species. Hence, a consensus ITS sequence characterising each Hedysarum species has been investigated for analysis of inter-specific polymorphisms. The level of variation of ITS sequence was high enough to make the ITS1 and ITS2 a useful tool for phylogenetic reconstruction. However, ITS2 seems to be relatively more polymorphic and more informative than ITS1 regarding length or GC percent. The phylogenic relationships in the genus Hedysarum based on ITS1 and ITS2 sequences taken independently or together, are discussed in the context of current work in molecular biosystematics. Results exhibited the distinctiveness of the two H. spinosissimum subspecies (i.e. H. spinosissimum ssp. capitatum and H. spinosissimum ssp. spinosissimum). In addition, the great similarity of the ITS sequences between H. coronarium (the only cultivated species of the genus) and H. carnosum suggests the usefulness of the latter in selection programmes to improve pastoral production in semi-arid areas.     

黄杨属植物ITS序列分子进化特点分析

黄杨属植物种类多,分类较为混乱,特别是中国特有种珍珠黄杨的分类地位和系统进化存有争议,鉴于此,本文选取黄杨属5种植物和珍稀濒危植物珍珠黄杨的5个居群,对其rDNA ITS序列分析,结合GenBank中报道的黄杨属其它9个种,以板凳果属顶花板凳果的ITS序列为参照,用成对比较的方法对黄杨属18种植物的ITS序列比较发现,...     

Phylogenetic Relationships of Sorghum and Related Species Inferred from Sequence Analysis of the nrDNA ITS Region

Analysis of phylogenetic and evolution in six species of Sorghum was based on internal transcribed spacer （ITS） sequences in nuclear ribosomal DNA. Results showed that the length of the ITS regions among the six species ranged from 588 to 589 bp and the contents of G＋C in ITS （ITS1 ＋5.8S＋ITS2） regions ranged from 60.27 to 61.05%; the length of ITS1 ranged from 207 to 208 bp and the contents of G ＋ C in the ITS 1 regions ranged from 53.91 to 61.54%. The length of the 5.8S rDNA and ITS2 regions in the six species was 164 and 217 bp respectively, and the contents of G ＋ C ranged from 56.10 to 58.54% in the 5.8S rDNA region and 66.36 to 67,28% in the ITS2 region. Among regions of ITS, ITS1, ITS2, and 5.8S, the best sequence for genetic relationship analysis in the six species was the ITS region. On the basis of the Jaccard coefficient and phylogentic tree, S. sp. was more related to S, propinguum than to other species. This was consistent with the fact that S. sp. is derived from S. propinguum. From the phylogenetic tree based on ITS1, S. halepense, silk sorghum and S. sudanense, are identical in the ITS 1 sequence, whereas the phylogenetic tree based one shows that S. sudanense has a closer genetic association with S. almum rather than with S. halepense and silk sorghum.     

有齿食道口线虫ITS及5.8S DNA片段的PCR扩增、克隆及序列分析

 运用PCR方法以保守引物NC5及NC2扩增了从广东阳江地区猪体分离的食道口线虫rDNA 的内转录间隔区（ITS）及5.8S序列。将PCR扩增出的片段纯化后克隆至pGEM-T Easy载体，用PCR技术及酶切鉴定阳性菌落，对阳性菌落质粒DNA进行测序。结果表明，扩增的片段大小为828 bp，包含部分的18S、28S及全部的ITS-1（362 bp）、5.8S(153 bp)及ITS-2（217 bp）序列。序列比较表明，该食道口线虫为有齿食道口线虫。本研究在国际上首次报道了中国猪有齿食道口线虫的ITS及5.8S序列，为食道口线虫的分子生物学的进一步研究奠定了基础。