城市社区第五立面景观设计——从社会层面探讨城市社区景观

本文从城市社区景观规划与可持续社区建设的观念入手,在深入研究社区社会属性的基础上,充分发掘社区第五立面景观的概念、体系以及社会功能,并结合实例,初步得出社区第五立面景观的设计方法。     

Application of the Cropping System Model (CSM)‐CROPGRO‐Soybean for Determining Optimum Management Strategies for Soybean in Tropical Environments

The determination of optimum crop management practices for increasing soybean production can provide valuable information for strategic planning in the tropics. However, this process is time consuming and expensive. The use of a dynamic crop simulation model can be an alternative option to help estimate yield levels under various growing conditions. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of the Cropping System Model (CSM)‐CROPGRO‐Soybean and to determine optimum management practices for soybean for growing conditions in the Phu Pha Man district, Thailand. Data from two soybean experiments that were conducted in 1991 at Chiang Mai University and in 2003 at Khon Kaen University were used to determine the cultivar coefficients for the cultivars CM 60 and SJ 5. The CSM‐CROPGRO‐Soybean model was evaluated with data from two experiments that were conducted at Chiang Mai University. The observed data sets from farmers’ fields located in the Phu Pha Man district were also used for model evaluation. Simulations for different management scenarios were conducted with soil property information for seven different soil series and historical weather data for the period 1972–2003 to predict the optimum crop management practices for soybean production in the Phu Pha Man district. The results of this study indicated that the cultivar coefficients of the two soybean cultivars resulted in simulated growth and development parameters that were in good agreement with almost all observed parameters. Model evaluation showed a good agreement between simulated and observed data for phenology and growth of soybean, and demonstrated the potential of the CSM‐CROPGRO‐Soybean model to simulate growth and yield for local environments, including farmers’ fields, in Thailand. The CSM‐CROPGRO‐Soybean simulations indicated that the optimum planting dates from June 15 to July 15 produced maximum soybean yield in a rainfed environment. However, the planting date December 15 produced the highest yield under quality irrigation. Soybean yield was slightly improved by applying nitrogen at a rate of 30 kg N ha^?1 at planting. Soybean yield also improved when the plant density was increased from 20 to 40 plants m^?2. The results from this study suggest that the CSM‐CROPGRO‐Soybean model can be a valuable tool in assisting with determining optimum management practices for soybean cropping systems in the Phu Pha Man district and might be applicable to other agricultural production areas in Thailand and southeast Asia.     

试谈人才资源开发与图书管理

图书馆事业的发展需要高素质的人才。而这种人才的开发与管理，必须进行拓宽专业性的改革及完善的法治，同时建立较为完善的图书馆继续教育体系，以解决图书馆人才需求的矛盾，并从中探索出一条能满足图书馆事业发展的根本之路。     

湖南数字林业浅论

结合林业技术的发展，对数字林业的定义、意义进行了阐述，并根据当前湖南省林业管理实际，提出了省级数字林业系统建设的目标、原则和内容的初步设想。     

江苏营造林管理系统的研建与应用

根据生产需要,用面向对象编程语言Delphi和数据库技术的设计思想和实现方法,开发出了江苏省营造林管理系统.实践表明：使用该系统可有效地减轻手工工作量,提高劳动生产力,把统计过程中的各种误差或错误降低到最小程度,大大提高了江苏营造林管理信息的标准化、自动化和科学化水平.     

GIS在农业上的应用面临的新问题与对策

GIS在农业上的应用是当今农业科学中一个新的重要研究领域。农业的现代化离不开包括GIS在内的农业高新技术的支撑。在简要介绍了GIS技术在农业上应用现状的同时,分析了当前GIS技术在中国农业应用中面临的新问题,并对其发展对策进行了探讨。     

乌拉盖牧场草原畜牧业生产系统诊断

本文运用系统工程的理论和方法，对国营乌拉盖牧场的自然环境和社会环境条件进行辩识与分析，找出资源的优势与劣势，以及各种社会经济条件及其组合的影响程度和作用方式。运用诊断模型对畜牧业生产现状进行系统诊断，找出19个病因，从中发现制约该场草原畜牧业生产的终极原因、解决办法和起动因子。通过会诊和检测，运用数学的方法再现科学技术与政策对一个地区或企业的极端重要性，揭示了资本的输入对贫困落后的地区或企业所能起到的重要作用和影响程度。     

江西省农村人口的仿真模拟预测

在宋健人口预测模型的基础上,建立了一个系统动力学模型,通过仿真模拟,预测出江西省农村人口在未来25年的结构变化。     

基于GIS与GPS的中国农村精准施肥的方法研究

在利用GIS和GPS研究土壤养分空间变异的基础上,以农户作为精准施肥的单元,探讨在中国农村进行精准施肥的途径。结果表明,不同农户地块养分存在一定空间变异性,由此导致相邻农户施肥量存在差异性,而采用农户为单元的施肥推荐既可以避免土壤养分空间变异造成的推荐施肥偏差,又可考虑中国农村分散经营的实际的状况,从而使土壤养分管理更加精细化。     

Another Way to Establish the Harmonious Extension-System of Water-Saving Agro-Technique

从理论基础、技术集成、参与部门等方面来认识节水农业推广体系的系统性，分析了现在节水农业技术推广体系中问题的根源是利益的分配与不满足问题，实质是协调与相互配合程度不够。提出了从培育市场需求拉动建立协调的节水农业技术推广体系的必要措施。