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21.
Daniela Alvarado-Camarillo Ana María Castillo-González Juana C. García-Santiago 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2018,68(6):496-504
Purpose: Nitrogen (N) / potassium (K) nutrient balance has been studied for some ornamental plants, however, available information is limited. Here we investigate the optimum N and K balance and concentration for lisianthus production in soilless medium.Materials and methods: The effect of three N / K balances: 1.43, 2.14 and 4.29, prepared by varying the concentration of N and K, were evaluated in lisianthus grown in soilless medium (volcanic rock).Results: Plants fertigated with a N / K balance of 2.14 exhibited enhanced height and stem dry weight when compared to plants fertigated with a balance of 4.29, and a higher flower buds count and total dry weight than those fertigated with a balance of 1.43 or 4.29. Plants fertigated with a balance of 2.14 exhibited increased dry weight when N was reduced from 15 to 9?meq?L?1 and K from 7 to 4.2?meq?L?1, suggesting that lisianthus does not require high levels of these nutrients. Although shoot N concentration was not correlated with N concentration in the nutrient solution or balance, increasing N in the shoot was associated with higher P and Mg in the plant tissues. In general, P, Ca, and Mg in plant tissues were unaffected by the external N / K balance, however, the internal P and Mg concentrations were positively correlated with shoot dry weight. Shoot K concentration significantly increased when the N / K balance decreased, which is related to the higher concentrations of external K when the balance decreased.Conclusions: The optimum N / K balance for lisianthus was 2.14. However, there was a concentration effect, as fertigation with solutions containing a N / K balance of 2.14 and an N and K concentration of 9 and 4.2?meq?L?1 respectively, resulted in plants with the greatest dry weight. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Zinc (Zn) deficiency is common worldwide and is a major limiting factor in the cultivation of Platycodon grandiflorum because most P. grandiflorum is cultivated on soils with slight or severe levels of Zn deficiency in China. To investigate the effects of soil Zn fertilization on P. grandiflorum and its residual effects on soil characteristics, a randomized complete block design was conducted at the experimental station of Shandong Agricultural University China in 2016–2018. In 2016, ZnSO4 · 7H2O was used as Zn fertilizer. The fertilizer levels of Zn fertilizer were designed as 0, 4, 6, 8 and 10 kg ha?1 and were denoted as CK, Zn4, Zn6, Zn8 and Zn10. No Zn fertilizer was used in 2017 and 2018. The results showed that soil Zn fertilization increased the quantity of soil bacteria, and actinobacteria, Zn8 and Zn10 treatments increased the soil fungal quantity in 2017, whereas the effect was observed only in the Z10 treatment in 2018. Soil Zn fertilization enhanced the activity of polyphenol oxidase, decreased that of phosphatase, and did not influence the invertase activity in both 2017 and 2018. Both the yield and the quality of P. grandiflorum in the succeeding three years increased due to the soil Zn fertilization in 2016. Overall, soil Zn application is a suitable approach to the cultivation of P. grandiflorum, and the residual effects of a one-time soil Zn fertilization could last at least two years. 相似文献
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采用0.10%、0.40%、0.70%的Na2SO3溶液浸泡处理来研究模拟大气污染胁迫下大花蕙兰(Cymbidium grandiflorum)叶片内保护酶活性的变化,比较2、4、6、8h后叶片内超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性的动态变化过程,结果发现,随着Na2SO3浓度的升高,SOD的活性均高于对照组,但幅度随时间延长而降低;POD活性在处理2~6 h内高于对照组,且呈上升趋势,而6~8 h低于对照,且呈急剧下降趋势;CAT的活性只有在0.10%的Na2SO3处理下高于对照,其余呈缓慢下降趋势.说明高浓度Na2SO3处理后期,叶片内保护酶系统清除活性氧的能力下降,从而引起细胞膜的损伤. 相似文献
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2000-2001年在江苏、浙江、安徽等地发现一种桔梗病害,并从其病叶上分离得到了26个菌株。菌株接种于桔梗叶片后,发病症状与自然发病症状完全一致,并从回接病株上重新分离得到此病原菌。各菌株间致病力无明显的差异。经革兰氏染色反应、菌体形态、培养性状、生理生化反应、(G C)%等鉴定,确定该病原菌为丁香假单胞杆菌的一个新的致病变种。该病菌能引起桔梗细菌性叶斑病(又称斑点病)。 相似文献
25.
为延长秋葵货架期,以商洛桔梗为对象,研究桔梗多糖的抑菌效果,复配防腐涂膜剂并用于秋葵贮藏保鲜。采用超声辅助浸提桔梗多糖的得率为27.28%,并利用AB-8型大孔树脂对其初步纯化。桔梗多糖对供试菌种的抑菌效果顺序为大肠杆菌>金黄色葡萄球菌>沙门氏菌。以桔梗多糖、海藻酸钠、氯化钙、柠檬酸为复配物,以失重率、叶绿素含量为检测指标进行秋葵保藏实验;基于单因素实验结果,用响应面法分析各因素的交互作用,确定最优配方为2.98%桔梗多糖溶液+1.07%海藻酸钠+1.42%氯化钙+3.00%柠檬酸。制备复合涂膜剂,在25℃、RH65%下,将其应用于秋葵保藏10天后,其叶绿素含量为18.62 mg/100 g,失重率为7.65%,该复合涂膜剂对秋葵的保鲜效果良好。研究结果可作为桔梗多糖在果蔬贮藏保鲜应用中的技术参考。 相似文献
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27.
采用3因素3水平的盆栽正交试验研究了不同浓度N(7.5、15、30 mmol L-1)、P(0.5、2、4 mmol L-1)和K(3、6、18 mmol L-1)营养液配比对桔梗干物质积累、养分吸收利用及桔梗皂苷D含量的影响。结果表明:在N_3、P_2、K_2水平处理下桔梗叶片光和色素含量及净光合速率各自达到最大值。随着栽培时间的延长,桔梗根部干物质及N、P、K积累量逐步增加,桔梗皂苷D含量则先下降后上升,但均在10月份显著升高。N、P、K肥对桔梗干物质积累及桔梗皂苷D含量的影响顺序为氮肥钾肥磷肥。10月收获时,分别在N_2、P_2、K_2水平处理下,桔梗根部干物质积累量及桔梗皂苷D含量最大。全生育期内桔梗植株对N、P、K的吸收量为101.93、86.24、158.10 mg plant-1。且春夏季N、P、K营养在桔梗地上部分高于地下部分,而秋季营养物质向根部集中。结论:桔梗植株全生育期内对氮、钾肥需求较多,且氮肥对桔梗的生长影响最大,每生产100 kg桔梗干物质需N、P_2O_5、K_2O的比例为1∶0.90∶1.27。 相似文献
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30.
洋桔梗离体快繁技术研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
[目的]建立洋桔梗高效的快速繁殖体系,为工厂化生产提供可行的操作程序。[方法]以国外进口的洋桔梗F1代种子(品种名称为Polestar yellow)无菌苗的叶片为外植体,对不定芽的诱导、单芽增殖、无菌苗生根等进行了研究。[结果]结果表明:6-BA和IBA组合对洋桔梗叶片不定芽的诱导效果较6-BA和NAA组合好,叶片最佳的分化培养基为MS+6-BA0.6 mg/L+IBA0.04 mg/L,1个月内正常芽平均分化数为8.3;最佳的单芽增殖培养基为MS+6-BA0.8 mg/L+NAA0.04 mg/L,1个月内正常芽的增殖倍数为7.4;无菌苗在含有IBA0.25 mg/L的1/2 MS培养基上,生根率、平均每苗的根数均最大。[结论]该结果为洋桔梗的工厂化生产奠定了基础。 相似文献