磷素对小豆幼苗生长发育的影响

以12个小豆品种为试验材料,在防雨棚中对播种6d后的幼苗进行水培试验,测定正常供磷和无磷营养液处理的小豆苗期农艺性状和生理指标。结果表明,缺磷处理显著降低了各小豆品种的株高、茎粗、叶面积,而根长增加,根冠比增大;降低了叶绿素含量、最大荧光(Fm)、原初光能转化效率(Fv/Fm);使叶绿素初始荧光(Fo)、MDA含量、SOD活性、POD活性升高;根、茎、叶的磷含量下降,叶片中磷含量最高。缺磷处理对小豆苗期各农艺性状均有不利影响,根冠比、叶面积受磷影响较大,适合作为小豆品种耐低磷筛选指标。从耐低磷综合指数看出,耐低磷能力强的品种依次为B1789晋红小豆1号京农2号,而晋红小豆5号为磷敏感品种;各生理指标均表现为耐低磷性强的品种变化幅度小,耐低磷性弱的品种变化幅度较大;缺磷处理降低了小豆根、茎、叶的磷含量。     

Hydroponics Production and Management Technology of Hoya camosa

从栽培前准备、扦插技术、管理措施和常见病虫害防治4方面对球兰的水培生产管理技术中的关键环节进行了论述。指出球兰水培扦插方法是一种值得推广的新技术。     

烤烟烟叶卷曲症状的诊断及其机理研究Ⅱ. 组织分析和水培试验

对基地不同程度缺钙症状的烤烟植株的组织分析结果表明,烟株叶片反转卷曲的畸形症状的程度与叶片内钙含量呈反相关,而与烟叶内硫酸根离子和磷的含量呈正相关。基地新垦红壤中只是因为使用商品有机肥1号才有大量的硫酸根和磷酸根可供烟株吸收。水培试验结果证明,高浓度的磷酸根离子能够诱导烟株缺钙的症状,营养液中钙浓度越低,磷酸根浓度越高,诱发的烟叶缺钙的症状出现时间越早,程度越严重。从而证明基地出现的因施用商品有机肥1号而诱导烤烟缺钙症状的机理确是由于该有机肥所含的大量磷酸根、硫酸根等阴离子与根际土壤中的钙形成溶解度更低的硫酸钙盐或磷酸盐的沉淀,因此阻碍了Ca2 的吸收,以及烟株大量吸收磷酸根和硫酸根导致体内钙的转运和再利用困难所致的。     

水培瓠瓜生长发育特性研究

瓠瓜水培，能在不同生育阶段得到最佳养分供应，植株生长和果实发育快，定植后２８ｄ（天）株高达２７０ｃｍ，具１９片真叶。果实生长３５ｄ，后熟２１ｄ的种子发芽率达９０％以上。     

植物生态适应性在植物水生诱导上的运用

本文通过论述植物普遍存在的生态适应性,环境变化对适应性形成及进化上的影响,以及植物生态适应性形成过程中胁迫环境的重要性,分析了植物水生诱导过程中相关的生理生化生态的变化规律,提出了利用人工环境模拟技术来促进植物通气组织形成的技术路线,形成了一套完整可操作的植物水生诱变操作流程,并展现了植物水生诱变技术在生产生活生态上的广阔前景与市场空间。     

甘薯水耕栽培研究

本文通过比较分析国内外水培甘薯的研究概况,揭示了水培甘薯的优势并对其应用前景进行展望,对于将来甘薯应用水培生产具有重要的指导意义。     

观叶植物水培试验研究

试验选取了豆瓣绿、文竹、海棠三种典型的室内观叶植物作为水培研究时象,并分别采用了三种不同的营养液：日本园试配方(1/1)．日本园试配方(1/2)和观叶植物配方。试验结果表明：使用观叶植物配方的营养液适宜豆瓣绿生长,其次是日本园试配方(1/2)的营养液,最差的是日本园试配方(1/1)的营养液；使用日本园试配方(1/1)的营养液适宜文竹的生长,其次是日本园试配方(1/2)的营齐液。观叶植物配方因文竹突然死亡,所以无法确定；使用观叶植物配方的营养液适宜海棠生长,其次是日本园试配方(1/1)的营养液,最差的是日本园试配方(1/2)的营养液。     

水培条件下玉米幼苗利用钾长石作钾源的研究

为研究利用细菌分解钾长石作为植物钾源的可行性,进行了玉米水培正交实验。单因素分析表明:培养体系内钾细菌投量并非越多越好,以2%较合适;钾长石粉投量与解钾量正相关;植物根系分泌物和振荡对细菌解钾促进作用明显;而外加可溶钾源对细菌解钾有抑制作用。对细菌、钾长石投量、pH和玉米苗数四因素正交分析表明:细菌解钾最优条件为细菌投量2%,钾长石粉为5 g L-1,pH=5,玉米为3棵,从而为细菌钾肥的开发提供参考。     

Effects of solution pH on the growth and chemical composition of rice plants

Rice plants were grown in solution culture for a period of five weeks at pH's ranging from 3.5 to 8.5. Maximum dry matter was obtained at pH 5.5, but substantial reductions in the growth of tops and roots were observed at pH's of 3.5 and 8.5. At pH 3.5, both leaves and roots were short and unhealthy. The roots were thickened with lateral root growth severely inhibited. At pH 8.5, the youngest leaves developed chlorotic symptoms with roots being coarse and discoloured.

Plant concentrations of essential elements were adequate for normal plant growth at pH 5.5. Iron concentration in plant tops substantially decreased with increase in solution pH, but a reverse trend was observed for roots. The concentrations of other elements progressively increased in plant tops and roots with increasing pH.     

Method for the estimation of nutrient uptake kinetic parameters using nonparametric statistics

The uptake of many plant nutrients has been shown to follow Michaelis‐Menten enzyme kinetics, and as a result several methods of collecting and analyzing uptake data have been developed. The method proposed here consists of a continuously flowing hydroponic system and a method of data analysis that estimates a value of K_mand V_max for each plant. The method is nondestructive; it does not require large amounts of space; and the plants are near steady‐state uptake. In simulated experiments with various assumptions about variability in the data, the nonparametric statistical analysis of the results provided estimates as good as or better than regression analysis estimates of the two parameters of the Michaelis‐Menten equation.