Purification and characterization of an extracellular protease from Clonostachys rosea

An extracellular protease from Clonostachys rosea (syn . Gliocladium roseum) was purified to SDS-PAGE homogeneity with 14-fold purification by ultrafiltration、ammonium sulfate precipetation、hydrophobic interaction chromatography and anion exchange chromatography. The molecular weight of the protease was 32 kDa as estimated by SDS-PAGE. The N-terminal sequence of first 10 amino acids was A-T-Q-S-N-A-P-W-G-L. This enzyme exhibited pH and temperature optima of 9-10 and 60 ℃, res…     

Recent advance of nematophagous fungi from China and with a special case on Clonostachys rosea (Gliocladium roseum)

China is one of the twelve prolific biological diversity countries in the world, and nematophagous fungol resources are very abundant. In this paper, the research advance of nematophagous fungi is discussed from six aspects: resources introduction, biology of nematophagous fungi, the application of biocontrol agents, fungistsis in soils, research on nematicidal metabolites and molecular biology on nematophagous fungi. Concerning Clonostachys rosea, the alkaline protease (designated Lmz1) wa…     

浸种对紫茉莉和蜀葵休眠种子发芽特性的影响

对紫茉莉和蜀葵休眠种子浸种处理研究其发芽特性。结果表明:浸种温度对紫茉莉休眠种子的发芽率、发芽势均有极显著影响,漫种时间对发芽率有极显著影响,对发芽势有显著影响。浸种温度、浸种时间对蜀葵休眠种子的发芽率、发芽势均有极显著影响。     

盐分胁迫对4种花卉种子萌发的影响

以黑心菊、金鸡菊、翠菊、蜀葵4种花卉种子为材料,研究不同浓度NaCl和Na2SO4复盐溶液处理下种子及幼苗的耐盐性,并观察其相对发芽率、根长、简易活力指数、综合效应。结果表明:耐盐性最强的是金鸡菊,其耐盐半致死浓度和耐盐极限浓度高达1.4%;其次为翠菊,耐盐半致死浓度为0.6%,耐盐极限浓度为1.2%;耐盐力中等的是蜀葵,其耐盐半致死浓度为0.4%,耐盐极限浓度为1.2%;耐盐性最差的是黑心菊,耐盐半致死浓度为0.4%,耐盐极限浓度为1.0%。简易活力指数可以作为种子萌发期间耐盐性的鉴定指标。     

棉田棉蝗卵块空间分布型及抽样技术研究

应用Taylor幂法则、Iwao回归分析法,对棉田棉蝗卵块空间分布型及抽样技术进行了研究,并进行了影响因素分析。结果显示:其卵块空间分布格局属基本成分为个体群的聚集分布,聚集强度随种群密度的升高而增加,聚集原因是昆虫本身行为及环境因素综合影响的结果,通过Taylor指数回归式参数可以确定其在一定精确度水平下的理论抽样数。     

A Field Investigation into Delivery Systems for Agents to Control Moniliophthora roreri

This paper describes a factorial trial designed to investigate the delivery systems of fungal biological agents (Clonostachys rosea), applied as single strain or as strain mixture, in comparison with copper hydroxide as a chemical standard against Moniliophthora roreri in cocoa. Application techniques compared were motorised mistblowers fitted with rotary atomisers and hydraulic sprayers fitted with cone nozzles giving a narrow angle of spray. The third factor was the presence or absence of an emulsifiable rape-seed adjuvant oil in the tank mixture. Copper fungicide was the best agent for moniliasis control and resulted in the highest yield. Both the mycofungicides reduced sporulation of the pathogen. Net reduction of inoculum was best for the hydraulic sprayer-applied copper fungicide and the motorised mistblower-applied single-strain biocontrol agent. Overall, directional hydraulic sprays were found to be somewhat superior to the motorised mistblower technique, with its dissipated cone of spray. Addition of the adjuvant oil was the least important of the factors, but efficacy depended on the agent used, with a significant enhancement in the efficacy of copper with oil but a detrimental effect on C. rosea.     

Cerebellar ataxia in sheep grazing pastures infested with Romulea rosea (onion grass or Guildford grass)

There have been anecdotal reports since 1962 of 'staggers' in sheep grazing Romulea rosea infested pastures, but this is the first detailed account. In September 2005, a locomotor disorder developed in 12 of 120 Merino wethers that had grazed R. rosea infested pasture at Albury, New South Wales, over several months. Affected sheep displayed signs that included limb paresis, knuckling over in the fetlocks, fine head tremor, incoordination, and an equilibrium disturbance characterised by frequent falling. The microscopic examination of brain and spinal cord tissues from two affected sheep revealed mild vacuolation, occasional lymphocytic cuffing around blood vessels, mild Wallerian degeneration, and occasional glial cells that contained honey-brown cytoplasmic pigments. The most significant changes were found in the cerebellum, where there were decreased numbers of Purkinje cells, increased numbers of glial cells, scattered vacuoles and occasional swollen axons. Previous reports of cerebellar toxicoses in ruminants have involved goats and cattle and have been associated with the ingestion of six Solanum spp. The Purkinje cell loss in this type of disorder is ultimately extensive and consequently affected animals may survive, but will remain permanently disabled. Aust Vet J 2008;86:354 -356.     

Amphidiploids between Alstroemeria ligtu L. hybrid and A. pelegrina L. var. rosea induced through colchicine treatment and their reproductive characteristics

Interspecific hybrids of Alstroemeria ligtu L. hybrid (LH) (2n = 16) and A. pelegrina L. var. rosea (PR) (2n = 16) synthesized by cross-breeding, exhibited a low pollen fertility and failed to produce normal seeds by self-pollination. To produce amphidiploids of LH × PR the ovules of LH × PR were treated with 0.05% aqueous colchicine for 2, 4 or 8 days or the rhizomes of the mature LH × PR were treated with 0.5% aqueous colchicine for 1, 2, 4 or 7 days. A total of 6 mature plants were obtained from the ovules of LH × PR treated with colchicine. Among them 2 plants derived from the ovules treated with colchicine for 4 days were found to be amphidiploids (2n = 32). A total of 17 rhizomes treated with colchicine, sprouted. Among them, 1 and 3 plants developed from the rhizomes treated with colchicine, for 1 and 4 days, respectively, were fertile. The plants developed from seeds obtained by self-pollination were amphidiploids with a chromosome number of 2n = 32. Although each of the amphidiploids induced by colchicine and LH × PR exhibited the characteristics of the parents, the colchicine-induced amphidiploids showed larger flowers than LH × PR and grew more vigorously. Even though the amphidiploids failed to produce normal seeds by self-pollination, pollen fertility was relatively high and their progenies were produced from self-pollinated ovules by ovule culture. The amphidiploids were crossed with LH, PR, A. aurea Graham, A. paupercula Philippi and A. psittacina Lehm., resulting in the production of triploids with a chromosome number of 2n = 24.     

棉蝗暴发成灾的诱因分析

棉蝗在长乐沿海木麻黄林分中曾两度暴发成灾，通过多年观察分析，认为棉蝗暴发成灾的诱因主要与害虫生物学特性、寄主、生态环境及经营管理等因素有关。     

外来植物粉花月见草种子萌发特性的研究

对粉花月见草种子在常温、低温处理下进行不同光照、温度、盐分、浸种方式的萌发试验研究。结果表明:常温处理全黑暗、全光照、自然光萌发率3%、78%、94%,发芽指数8.4、9.4、0.4;常温处理10℃、25℃、35℃萌发率71%、87%、16%,发芽指数4.7、5.7、1.6;常温处理0.01 mol/L盐胁迫萌发率84%,发芽指数7.2,随浓度升高而逐渐下降;3种浸种方式种子萌发率90%以上;低温处理萌发高峰提前且峰值高、萌发率、发芽指数上升。说明光照、一定温度范围内、低盐胁迫及浸种促进种子萌发,萌发率高,萌发速度快,有休眠特性,短期低温层积可解除休眠特征,快速蔓延成为入侵种。