棉花离体不定根系的发生对色素腺体密度和棉酚含量的影响

为探明根系对色素腺体密度和棉酚含量的影响,以离体条件下的无根幼苗、不同生根状态幼苗以及无菌种子苗作为研究对象,对其茎叶色素腺体密度、棉酚含量以及棉酚生物合成关键基因表达量进行分析。结果表明,不同生根状态幼苗中,色素腺体密度和棉酚含量与一定范围内生根数呈显著正相关,随后趋于平稳。荧光定量PCR显示,棉酚生物合成关键基因GhCDN1和GhWRKY1表达量在生根数多的无菌苗中显著增高,而对棉酚合成具有反馈调节作用的 GhCYP706B1表达量呈现相反趋势;无根幼苗茎叶腺体密度和棉酚含量均显著低于有根幼苗,棉酚生物合成关键基因GhCDN1、GhWRKY1和 GhCYP706B1表达量反而高于有根幼苗。有根幼苗中根的棉酚含量显著高于茎和叶,无菌种子苗根系中棉酚生物合成关键基因表达量显著高于茎和叶。说明棉花根系能对棉酚含量产生直接影响,同时影响腺体密度。本研究进一步验证了根系是棉酚主要合成部位,地上部分也存在少量的棉酚合成,只是不能引起棉酚发生显著变化。     

Research Progress on the Development of Mammary Glands

Mammary gland is a kind of exocrine glands and a dynamic organ.Structure of mammary gland changes throughout the female reproductive cycles.Development of mammary gland occurs in the defined stages that are closely linted to sexual development and reproduction, namely embryonic, prepubertal and pubertal stages, pregnancy, lactation and involution.In this review, the roles of epithelial-stromal (mesenchymal) interactions in embryonic and postnatal mammary development were summarized, elaborated the regulations of different kinds of hormones on the mammary development after pubertal stage, and described the discovery of mammary stem cell populations (MaSC) and selection markers of mice and human.The objective of this work was to learn the basic processes and potential regulation mechanisms of the mammary development to provide some help for the researchers in the field of mammary gland.     

Partial ligation of the transposed parotid duct at the level of the parotid gland for excessive salivary secretions

Objective To determine the outcome and effect of a partial ligation of the transposed parotid duct at the level of the parotid gland in four dogs with excessive salivation and ocular irritation. Methods Four dogs were previously diagnosed with absolute keratoconjunctivitis sicca. After a parotid duct transposition (PDT) surgery, these dogs experienced excessive saliva production and abundant salivary precipitates, which resulted in epiphora, moist dermatitis, blepharospasm, and keratitis. In an effort to decrease saliva production, a partial ligation of the transposed duct at the level of the parotid gland was performed. Two or three accessory branches to the primary parotid duct were ligated at the level of the salivary gland. Results The four cases were three Yorkshire terriers and a Chihuahua. The average age of the four patients was 2.5 years. Partial ligation of accessory branches of the parotid duct at the level of the parotid gland after a PDT in this study demonstrated improved ocular comfort, decreased salivary precipitates, and adequate Schirmer tear test results without marked epiphora in three of the four animals. The male Yorkshire had epiphora after the initial partial ligations of two accessory branches were placed at the level of the parotid gland. To correct the excessive salivary flow, two additional ligatures were placed at a later date, which resolved the epiphora. Conclusion Partial ligation of the parotid duct at the level of the parotid gland proved to be an effective technique in moderating the salivation in these four patients with excessive salivary secretions after PDT.     

Use of a sclerosing agent (1% polidocanol) to treat an orbital mucocele in a dog

A case of a salivary gland mucocele in a dog causing nonpainful exopthalmos with dorsolateral deviation of the globe and protrusion of the third eyelid. Diagnosis was made via ultrasound and confirmed with computed tomography. Aspiration of the cystic material along with injection of a sclerosing agent, 1% polidocanol (Aethoxysklerol), was used to destroy the mucocele. Follow-up monthly examination post injection confirmed resolution of clinical signs to date, namely abnormal globe position, with no complications observed.     

抗凋亡基因bcl—2在涎腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：观察ｂｃｌ－２基因表达对涎腺癌发生及发展的关系。方法；采用免疫组织化学法对５５例涎腺癌，２５例癌旁涎腺组织及１１例多形性腺瘤组织ｂｃｌ－２表达产物进行检测。结果：涎腺癌组织ｂｃｌ－２阳性表达明显高于癌旁涎腺组织及多形性腺瘤。ｂｃｌ－２表达与涎腺癌的临床分期及恶性程度有关，临床晚期组及恶性程度较高组ｂｃｌ－２呈现高表达。     

镰形扇头蜱唾液腺cDNA文库的构建

构建了镰形扇头蜱唾液腺 c DNA表达文库。用 Trizol试剂提取镰形扇头蜱唾液腺总 RNA,经反转录合成 c DNA第 1链 ,应用 L D- PCR扩增方法 ,合成双链 c DNA。用 Sfi 内切酶修饰此双链 c DNA,使形成两端分别带有 Sfi A和Sfi B的粘末端。经 CHROMA SPIN- 4 0 0柱纯化 ,收集 4 0 0 bp以上的双链 c DNA片段 ,将其连接于带有 Sfi A和 Sfi B末端的λ Tripl Ex2噬菌体载体 ,经体外包装后 ,以 XL1 - Blue为受体菌构建 c DNA表达文库。经测定 ,库容量为7.0 8× 1 0 5,重组率为 95 .2 %。扩增后的文库滴度为 1 .4 5× 1 0 9pfu/ m L。随机挑取 2 0个克隆转化到质粒 p Tripl Ex2 ,经抽质粒、测序得到 2个细胞色素氧化酶全长基因     

果子狸生殖腺的形态与组织结构研究

对成年果子狸生殖腺（卵巢、睾丸）进行大体解剖和显微观察,发现其生殖腺随季节性繁殖而出现周期性变化,繁殖旺季性腺明显增大且具有丰富的各级生殖细胞;休情期则显著缩小,性腺活动处于停滞状态,没有成熟的生殖细胞。     

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone-induced growth hormone secretion in dogs with primary hypothyroidism

Primary hypothyroidism in dogs is associated with increased release of growth hormone (GH). In search for an explanation we investigated the effect of intravenous administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH, 10 microg/kg body weight) on GH release in 10 dogs with primary hypothyroidism and 6 healthy control dogs. The hypothyroid dogs had a medical history and physical changes compatible with hypothyroidism and were included in the study on the basis of the following criteria: plasma thyroxine concentration < 2 nmol/l and plasma thyrotropin (TSH) concentration > 1 microg/l. In addition, (99m)TcO(4)(-) uptake during thyroid scintigraphy was low or absent. TRH administration caused plasma TSH concentrations to rise significantly in the control dogs, but not in the hypothyroid dogs. In the dogs with primary hypothyroidism, the mean basal plasma GH concentration was relatively high (2.3+/-0.5 microg/l) and increased significantly (P=0.001) 10 and 20 min after injection of TRH (to 11.9+/-3.5 and 9.8+/-2.7 microg/l, respectively). In the control dogs, the mean basal plasma GH concentration was 1.3+/-0.1 microg/l and did not increase significantly after TRH administration. We conclude that, in contrast to healthy control dogs, primary hypothyroid dogs respond to TRH administration with a significant increase in the plasma GH concentration, possibly as a result of transdifferentiation of somatotropic pituitary cells to thyrosomatotropes.