壁面环形延程槽对转盘雾化影响的研究

本文分析了常用水剂农药在转盘上的流动状态，根据动量定量提出了转盘壁面开设一系列的环形延程槽以改善转盘的雾化效果，设计制作了 经转盘，并利用Marlvern粒子测试系统测量了转盘雾化的雾滴直径，试验结果证明壁面开设环形延程槽能够明显减少雾滴中经，改善转盘雾化效果。     

药用林蛙繁殖器官解剖与组织学结构观察

通过对林蛙的解剖和林蛙性腺H -E染色切片的观察 ,系统阐述了林蛙卵巢、输卵管、子宫和睾丸的解剖结构和组织学结构     

Toxin variation among salamander populations: discussing potential causes and future directions

Amphibians produce defensive chemicals which provide protection against both predators and infections. Within species, populations can differ considerably in the composition and amount of these chemical defenses. Studying intraspecific variation in toxins and linking it to environmental variables may help us to identify the selective drivers of toxin evolution, such as predation pressure and infection risk. Recently, there has been a renewed interest in the unique toxins produced by salamanders from the genus Salamandra: the samandarines. Despite this attention, intraspecific variation has largely been ignored within Salamandra-species. The aim of this study was to investigate whether geographic variation in profiles of samandarines exists, by sampling 4 populations of Salamandra atra over its range in the Dinaric Alps. In addition, we preliminary explored whether potential variation could be explained by predation (counting the number of snake species) and infection risk (cultivation and genomic analyses of collected soil samples). Salamanders from the 4 populations differed in toxin composition and in the size of their poison glands, although not in overall toxin quantity. Nor predation nor infection risk could explain this variation, as populations barely differed in these variables. Sampling over a much broader geographic range, using better estimators for predation and infection risk, will contribute to an improved understanding of how environment may shape variation in chemical defenses. Nevertheless, as the 4 populations of S. atra did differ in their toxin profiles, we propose that this species provides an interesting opportunity for further ecological and evolutionary studies on amphibian toxins.     

棉酚腺体和棉酚含量的遗传分析及SSR标记

本研究利用有腺体棉冀668和无腺体棉ZYS25的正反交后代F2群体，对棉酚腺体的有无、数量多少及棉酚含量进行了分析。结果表明：在720株正交群体和1001株反交群体中，有腺体棉与无腺体棉的分离比例均符合3：1的分离比例，由一对显性基因控制，符合孟德尔遗传规律。在现蕾期、花铃期、吐絮期棉株顶部叶片及种子中的棉酚腺体数量和棉酚含量在其F2群体中分离频率均呈正态分布，表明棉酚腺体数量的多少和棉酚含量的高低是数量性状，由多基因控制。本研究进一步应用BSA法，获得了1个与控制棉酚腺体有无性状连锁的SSR标记，两者相距2．4cM。     

梨星毛虫性信息素的研究Ⅲ——性信息素分泌腺体形态结构的观察

采用扫描电镜及透射电镜技术对梨星毛虫成虫性信息素分泌腺体部位的外部形态及内部构造进行了研究。结果表明，该虫雌蛾性信息素分泌腺体是由两部分组成的。（１）翅部周缘上特化的深分叉的长鳞片；（２）腹部第３￣６节背、腹板的皮细胞层散生的腺体单位，是由腺细胞和间细胞组成。     

猪甲状旁腺的位置、形态及组织结构的研究

本研究对31头成猪甲状旁腺的位置、形态及微细结构进行了观测。主要结果如下:1.找出率为79.17％。2.猪甲状旁腺的位置可借3个基本解剖标记确定:1)胸腺的颈前部;2)颈突的末端;3)颈总动脉分岔点。3.大体形态是:腺呈粉红色;椭圆形;比胸腺小叶及小淋巴结坚硬;腺长为6.32±0.16:毫米、宽4.93±0.11毫米、厚3.95±0.087毫米;腺重为65.75±3.48毫克。4.被膜及间隔由致密结缔组织构成,在腺小叶内有丰富的疏松结缔组织。较大的腺小叶直径为221～661微米。实质细胞呈团状或索状排列,与其他家畜相比,排列非常疏松。暗主细胞构成实质的绝大部分。亮主细胞偶见。好酸性细胞极少见。     

蜱诱导宿主免疫的研究进展

蜱对人畜的危害很大,传统灭蜱措施主要是化药控制,而耐药性的出现,使得人们转而使用新的方法控制蜱。本文介绍了利用免疫方法控制蜱的一些成就,并对该研究方向做了进一步展望。     

SIALOGRAPHY IN CATTLE: TECHNIQUE AND NORMAL APPEARANCE

Sialography of the bovine mandibular and parotid salivary glands was performed by injecting iodinated, water soluble contrast medium into the respective ducts. The anatomy of the above mentioned salivary glands was studied on cadaver heads. The mandibular duct enters the oral cavity on the ventral surface of the sublingual caruncles, which are located medial to the orifice of the ventral sublingual gland duct. The parotid gland duct enters the oral cavity on the cheek opposite the upper 2nd molar (Sth cheek tooth). Prior to applying sialography to live animals, the technique of catheterization, injection and radiography had to be developed, which was carried out on cadaver heads. Subsequently the technique was applied to 5 live animals. The animals were sedated, the mandibular and parotid ducts catheterized, and contrast medium was injected into each gland. Latero-lateral radiographs were made immediately after the injection. The normal bovine mandibular and parotid glands, as depicted on sialograms, have a multilobutated appearance in cadaver heads, but in the live animal only the ducts and their smaller branches could be identified. The parotid duct leaves the deep surface of the rostral end of the gland and courses along the border of the masseter muscle before it enters the mouth. The mean diameter of the duct was 4.2 ± 0.3 mm. The mandibular duct is composed of a rostral and a caudal branch. The caudal branch describes a semi circular turn prior to joining the rostral branch. The mean diameter of the main duct was 2.8 ± 0.4 mm.     

高温对家蚕蛾粘液腺生长发育及产附性的影响

试验了高温(五龄蚕31℃,蛹期34℃)对家蚕蛾粘液腺生长发育及产附性的影响。结果表明,高温导致粘腺长度缩短、干重减轻、腺体畸形;支部(分泌部)脆质中粗面内质网和线粒体数量减少,形态被破坏。粘液中的蛋白质及其氨基酸组成改变、含量减少是导致粘着力下降及产附性劣化的直接原因。二化性品种比多化性品种更易受高温影响。     

NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC ANATOMY OF THE CANINE NECK

High-resolution, real-time ultrasonographic examinations of the neck were performed on eight normal dogs maintained under general anesthesia. Water-soluble dye was injected into imaged structures under sonographic guidance in two dogs. The anatomy of the neck was verified at postmortem by visualization of dye deposited in the injected structures. Anatomical mapping was then completed by performing complete cervical ultrasound examinations in the remaining six dogs. Normal ultrasonographic anatomy of the canine neck and major anatomic landmarks useful in clinical imaging are described.