黄瓜游离小孢子培养诱导成胚和植株再生

 以10个不同基因型黄瓜为试材进行游离小孢子培养，通过对成胚条件的系统研究，从‘7447’和‘Poinsett97’中获得了子叶形胚和再生植株。研究结果表明：基因型和小孢子发育时期是限制黄瓜游离小孢子成胚的关键因子。不同品种间胚状体产量差异显著，每皿产胚1.5～33.4个。单核靠边期是进行黄瓜游离小孢子培养的最佳时期。低温预处理有利于胚状体的诱导，4 ℃预处理2～4 d为宜，以处理2 d时胚状体产量最高。外源激素在诱导胚状体时并非必需，但低浓度的外源激素（0.5 mg·L^-1 2,4－D、0.2 mg·L^-1 6－BA）更能促进小孢子成胚。NLN和B5两种基础培养基在诱导胚状体上无显著差异。子叶形胚易分化成苗，而其它类型的胚状体不能获得再生植株。     

Increase of in vitro regeneration in Malus domestica by the application of phosphatase inhibitors

The effect of the phosphatase inhibitors sodium fluoride and sodium orthovanadaate on adventitious shoot regeneration from primary leaf explants was tested in eight genotypes of apple Malus domestica Borkh. Ten different concentrations between 0.5 and 100μM of each substance were added to a modified Murashige and Skoog regeneration medium containing 0.9 μM TDZ and 0.5 μM IBA. In general, all the con-centrations tested were able to promote shoot formation, although distinct maxima could be observed depending upon the genotype and the inhibitor. Shoot yield was influenced mostly by the genotype and by the concentration of the inhibitor, as well as the interaction between these two factors. In six of the eight genotypes the total number of regenerated shoots increased significantly compared with the control. This was achieved by an increase of the number of regenerating explants as well as the number of shoots per regenerating explant Comparing these results with those of former publications, application of the two phosphatase inhibitors resulted in an improved regeneration response in the corresponding genotypes. This method may also contribute to the understanding of in vitro regeneration in plants.     

Improved micropropagation protocol and enhancement in biomass and chlorophyll content in Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni by using high copper levels in the culture medium

Incorporation of a range of higher concentrations of CuSO₄·5H₂O in MS medium [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with 240 tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant 15, 473–497] significantly enhanced direct shoot bud induction and proliferation from cultured leaf and nodal explants taken from mature plants of Stevia rebaudiana. Shoot bud induction medium was supplemented with BAP (2.2 μM) and IAA (2.8 μM). When the concentration of CuSO₄·5H₂O in the induction medium was raised to 0.5 μM (five times the MS level, i.e. 0.1 μM) there was significant increase in percentage response along with increase in shoot bud number per explant. The shoots were healthy, well developed with dark green broader leaves. There was remarkable increase in total biomass and chlorophyll content at increased (0.5 μM) copper level in the medium. During proliferation stage also presence of high copper levels in the medium favoured increase in shoot bud number per explant.     

银条茎尖玻璃化法超低温保存及其植株再生

 为长期稳定保存银条种质, 建立了玻璃化法超低温保存其茎尖的技术体系。选择继代4次的 银条无菌壮苗, 5 ℃低温驯化14 d; 剥取5 mm的茎尖, 在含有0.5 mol·L ^{- 1}蔗糖的MS (无Ca^{2 +} ) 液体培养基预培养1 d; 25 ℃条件下经改良MS + 2PVS₂装载20 min; 在- 20 ℃, 95%乙醇浴中以PVS₂脱水处理4h; 更换新鲜的PVS₃后投入液氮, 保存24 h后取出冷冻管在40 ℃水浴中化冻1 min; 以含有1.2 mol·L ^{- 1}蔗糖的改良MS (无Ca^{2 +} ) 溶液洗涤2 次, 每次10 min; 冻存后的茎尖相对存活率超过70%。将冻存后的茎尖转接到再生培养基上, 暗培养20 d后转入正常光照条件下培养, 存活率达63.7%; 继续培养得到正常分化和生长的再生植株, 生根后可移栽成活。     

一代与二代人促闽粤栲林分特征对比评价

同一地林块８年生一代和６年生二代人促闽粤栲林分群落学特征及测树学特征对比评价结果表明：两代林分群落结构相近；二代林分乔木层物种多样性指数、均匀度比一代林分略大；二代林分生产力较一代林分的低，但仍保持较高的生产力．     

银脉单药花组织培养及植株再生

以银脉单药花(Aphelandra squarrosa)当年生幼嫩茎段为外植体,根据其茎段幼嫩程度不同分为三级(未木质化、半木质化、木质化)进行进瓶诱导并建立了无菌系;在此基础之上对其进行了丛芽增殖及生根诱导研究,实验结果表明:半木质化茎段为最佳的外植体;而且不同的外植体其最佳的灭菌条件有所不同:未木质化:φ=75%酒精30 s 1 g/L升汞5 min;半木质化:φ=75%酒精30 s 1 g/L升汞7.5 min;木质化:φ=75%酒精30 s 1 g/L升汞8.5 min;较好的增殖培养基为:MS KT0.5 mg/L IBA0.1 mg/L;较好的生根诱导培养基为:MS NAA0.5 mg/L。     

雷公山姊妹岩大果马蹄荷群落初步研究

大果马蹄荷群落是雷公山森林生态系统中的一个类型，通过调查，对大果马蹄荷群落结构、群落特征、天然更新进行初步研究。     

沙兰杨短轮伐期定向培育中小径材的研究

短轮伐期的研究工作,首先由美国杨格于1944年提出,1970年美国、加拿大开始杨树短轮伐期试验,70年代中后期又有许多国家开展这项工作。我国于1978年在河北省邯郸地区漳河林场开始探索该项工作,从80年代开始各省(区)建立速生丰产林基地,1989年全国营造速生丰产林33万ha。我们于1978年在漳河林场进行了沙兰杨短、中短两种轮伐期试验。一、试验区自然概况河北省漳河林场位于北纬36°19′,东经114°24′,属暖温带大陆性半湿润季风气候区,     

乌龙茶饮料的反渗透浓缩试验

研究茶饮料的温度、浓度和压力对反渗透浓缩速度的影响，检验反渗透膜的再生性能，测量浓缩过程的能耗，鉴定浓缩茶饮料的品质、结果表明，该工艺与传统工艺相比，具有高品质、低成本、易操作的特点，有推广潜力。     

杉木茎尖诱导愈伤组织及植株再生研究

用杉木优良单株基部萌蘖条茎尖作为外植体进行组培快繁试验，结果表明：愈伤组织在改良MS＋KT0．2mg／L＋2，4-D1．0mg／L培养基上，外植体诱导率为86．7％；不定芽分化与增殖培养基为改良MS＋KT1．0mg／L＋IBA0．5mg／L，分化系数达3．42；芽苗培育约30d后，用1／2MS＋IBA0．2mg／L＋NAA0．5mg／L作生根培养基培养约25d，生根率可达93％以上。生根苗移植到覆盖3cm厚黄心土的苗床上栽培，成活率可达90％以上。