黑龙江省牧草种子收获机械现状及发展

长期以来,我国的草种采集(收获)主要依靠手工作业,生产效率低、损失大、成本高、质量差,由此造成的草种产量不足,影响了人工草地种植面积,同时草种质量不高影响了牧草质量。要从根本上解决这些问题,必须实现牧草种子收获机械化。为此,简要介绍了黑龙江省牧草种子收获机械的现状,分析了黑龙江省牧草种子收获机械落后的原因,比较了各种牧草种子收获机械的综合性能,提出了黑龙江省发展牧草种子收获机械的措施。     

Agricultural practice changes with cultivating genetically modified herbicide-tolerant oilseed rape

To facilitate weed suppression, oilseed rape or canola (Brassica napus) has been genetically modified (GM) over the last two decades to incorporate herbicide tolerance (HT). The introduction of oilseed rape in commercial agriculture raises concerns about potential adverse agronomic and environmental effects linked to both the genetic modification and altered agricultural practice. How will this new crop modify the existing cropping practice? What are the potential agro-environmental implications of its introduction? This paper analyses and schematises recorded and conceivable agricultural practice changes with GMHT oilseed rape introduction and its likely agro-environmental effects. It develops a conceptual systematics of influencing factors, subsequent practice changes and likely agro-environmental effects. The results can be used to design the mandatory monitoring of adverse GM crop effects.     

广东省农村信息化发展现状与对策研究

农村信息化是国民经济和社会信息化的重要内容，是改造传统农业，发展现代农业的重要组成部分，也是我国加速实现农业现代化发展的必然选择。为此，简述了广东省农村信息化建设情况的现状，分析了广东省农村信息化发展存在的信息意识薄弱、信息化素质低、资金不足、信息技术人才缺乏、基础工作水平低、信息资源缺乏等诸多障碍因素，进而提出了今后农村信息化发展建设的建议与对策。     

小区播种机的研究现状及发展方向

种子的质量是保证粮食丰产丰收的根本,小区播种机的性能又是新品种培育的保证。为此,就当前国内外小区播种机的发展现状及我国小区播种机现阶段遇到的问题进行了分析,并对小区播种机排种器等部件进行了重点介绍,最后对我国小区播种机的发展方向进行了展望。     

温度对微小花蝽实验种群增长的影响

实验室饲养观察结果表明，在15－35℃温度范围内，随温度升高，微小花蝽的发育速率加快，成虫寿命缩短，在25℃下的世代存活率最高。根据实验数据计算出该虫的卵期发育起点温度为13．6℃，有效积温为1＝55．15日．度；若虫期发育起点温度为8．0℃，有效积温为270．1日．度。组建了25℃和30℃两种温度下的该虫的实验种群生命表。     

高黎贡山百花岭瓢虫群落结构及多样性研究Ⅱ——物种多样性的季节变化趋势

[目的]初步探明季节变化对高黎贡山百花岭瓢虫群落多样性的影响。[方法]2008年4月至2009年2月对高黎贡山百花岭瓢虫群落物种多样性的季节变化规律进行了研究。[结果]2008年4～6月瓢虫物种多样性逐渐上升,6、9月达到高峰,10月以后逐渐下降。气温和降雨量差异较小的月份瓢虫群落相似性较高。[结论]为进一步研究瓢虫多样性提供了理论依据。     

重大经济变革对电力需求影响的实证分析

电力行业作为国民经济的先行产业,与国民经济的发展有着密切的联系,经济领域的重大变革必然带来电力需求的相应变化,准确把握经济发展方向进而预测电力需求的变化是电力工业发展的重要条件。从经济平稳发展和经济发生重大变革2个层面对未来电力需求进行了分析,建立电力需求预测模型体系。最后以湖北省为算例,得到湖北省电力需求预测体系,并给出湖北省面对重大经济变革时电力行业所应采取的政策措施。     

双抗虫基因三倍体毛白杨对舞毒蛾幼虫的抗性研究

用室内群体饲养舞毒蛾幼虫的方法,对15个双抗基因三倍体毛白杨株系进行饲虫试验。结果表明:校正死亡率划分了高抗、中抗、低抗虫植株,舞毒蛾校正死亡率在95以上为高抗株系;40～75为中抗株系,30以下为低抗株系。舞毒蛾的发育历期、蜕皮指数和毒效反映的规律相一致。     

Temporal changes of soil physical quality under two residue management systems

Although crop residue management is known to affect near‐surface soil physical quality, little is known about the temporal variability of these indicators over short time intervals. This study evaluates the temporal changes of nine indicators of soil physical quality. These are organic carbon content, structural stability index, bulk density, macroporosity, air capacity, relative field capacity, plant available water capacity, Dexter's S‐index and saturated hydraulic conductivity. A second set of soil physical indicators, based on the distribution of soil pore volume, was also evaluated. The indicators were determined in three different times during the growing cycle of winter durum wheat cultivated within a long‐term field research carrying out in Southern Italy and comparing two types of crop residue management, that is, burning (B) and soil incorporation (I). Only the bulk density changed over time for both treatments, although the air capacity also changed for the incorporation of wheat residues. Residual effects of the autumnal soil tillage and soil compaction were a common source of variability, irrespective of which treatment was used. Based on the existing guidelines for evaluating the physical quality of these agricultural soils, optimal or near‐optimal values were detected in about half of the cases under consideration. This suggests that both B and I create sufficiently good conditions for crop growth during the crop cycle. The comparison between observed and optimal soil pore distribution function was always poor. The pore volume distributions showed lower densities of small pores and relatively higher densities of large pores than the proposed optimal distribution. This study also suggests that the considered optimal or references curves probably cannot be applied successfully to a wide range of agricultural soils.     

浙江蚕区的变化及其发展趋势

本文根据《浙江省蚕桑生产区划》的蚕区划分,分析了各蚕区在浙江蚕桑生产持续发展、徘徊滑坡时的变化,及其变化的特点和原因;并分析了蚕区变化的趋势。