园林植物土壤酶活性和微生物活性对盐碱胁迫的响应

以园林植物石楠为试材,通过混合2种中性盐(NaCl和Na2SO4)和2种碱性盐(NaHCO3和Na2CO3)分别模拟不同强度的盐、碱胁迫条件,对园林植物(石楠)进行3年(2015—2017年)的胁迫处理,以期探讨盐碱胁迫对园林植物土壤酶活性和微生物的影响。结果表明:1)土壤中有机酸含量随着盐碱浓度的增加呈逐渐降低趋势。随胁迫强度增加,盐、碱胁迫均使土壤中Na⁺浓度大幅度上升,K⁺浓度大幅度下降,但碱胁迫下Na⁺浓度上升幅度和K⁺浓度下降幅度均大于盐胁迫。2)随着盐碱浓度的增加,土壤中氨基酸类、碳水化合物类、羧酸类、聚合物类、胺类、酚酸类碳源呈逐渐降低趋势,总体而言,碳水化合物和羧酸类碳源是盐碱胁迫下园林植物土壤微生物的主要碳源,其次为氨基酸类、酚酸类和聚合物类,胺类碳源的利用率最小。3)土壤微生物物种丰富度指数(H)、均匀度指数(E)和碳源利用丰富度指数(S)、土壤微生物量碳、微生物呼吸和微生物代谢熵随盐碱浓度的增加而增加。4)土壤糖苷酶、几丁质酶、亮氨酸氨基肽酶、碱性磷酸酶、酚氧化酶δ和过氧化物酶δ随盐碱浓度的增加呈逐渐降低趋势。5)交互作用分析显示,盐胁迫、碱胁迫、盐胁迫×碱胁迫对有机酸、Na⁺、K⁺、Na⁺/K⁺、物种丰富度指数(H)、碳源利用丰富度指数(S)、土壤微生物量碳、土壤微生物呼吸、土壤微生物代谢熵、糖苷酶和碱性磷酸酶具有显著的影响(P<0.05),其中碱胁迫对土壤酶活性和微生物群落多样性的影响高于盐胁迫,并且盐胁迫×碱胁迫的影响高于单独盐胁迫或碱胁迫.     

Comparative analysis on cable shielding effectiveness test by absorbing clamp method and line injection method

为分析功率吸收钳法和线注入法电缆屏蔽效能测试方法的可比较性,进行了2种测试方法测试结果关系的推导与分析.介绍了功率吸收钳法和线注入法电缆屏蔽性能测试的原理,推导了表征电缆屏蔽性能的屏蔽衰减与转移阻抗两参数间的关系,利用该关系进行功率吸收钳法和线注入法电缆屏蔽性能测试数据比较分析,结果表明:截止频率以下,由于线注入法受试电缆为电短,屏蔽衰减与电缆长度相关,2种测试方法测试结果不一致;截止频率以上,线注入法与功率吸收钳法受试电缆均为电长,测试结果一致.功率吸收钳法和线注入法测试结果相互关联,2种测试方法具有可比较性.     

PLC特性及其在碱回收系统中的应用设计

介绍了s7—400PLC的主要特性以及该系统的实现，重点给出了系统的下位机硬件和软件设计，并结合佳木斯造纸厂碱回收系统的设计讨论了PLC的应用。     

大体积进样离子色谱法测定饮用水中溴酸盐等7种无机阴离子

建立大体积进样,离子色谱法(IC)测定饮用水中不同数量级F-,BrO3-,Cl-,Br-,NO2-,NO3-,SO4-等7种无机阴离子的新方法。采用离子色谱碳酸盐等度淋洗系统,高容量色谱分析柱AS-23,DS5电导检测器,500μL定量环直接进样分析饮用水中7种无机阴离子的保留时间等,并通过峰面积法定量各种阴离子含量。该法各离子线性相关性好(R>0.999 0),精密度高(RSD<3.6%),准确度好(平均回收率96.5%～102.4%),检出限低(3.56～6.74μg/L,以500μL进样量计算)。可同时测定饮用水中不同数量级浓度的7种无机阴离子,检出限低,操作简便,快速准确,不仅能够满足水质监测要求,而且大幅提高检测效率。     

Evaluation of the Feeding Value of Palm Press Fibre Using In Vitro Digestibility Techniques

Palm press fibre (PPF) was obtained from two sources, a small-scale oil palm processing unit and a large-scale factory processing unit, and its chemical composition was determined. In vitro digestibility techniques were used to assess the feeding value of untreated, defatted and sodium hydroxide-treated PPF. For the NaOH treatment, 0.5 g oven-dried PPF was treated for 24 h with 5% NaOH in three ways: treated and not washed (NaNW); treated and washed (NaW); and treated after milling (NAD).The results indicate that, on a dry matter basis, PPF is low in nitrogen (12–13 g/kg), moisture (37–90 g/kg) and ash (53–62 g/kg), but high in ether extract (269–355 g/kg), neutral detergent fibre (532–768 g/kg), acid detergent fibre (375–548 g/kg) and lignin (219 g/kg). The in vitro dry matter digestibility values were low for the samples from both sources, but the large-scale factory-processed PPF had higher in vitro dry matter digestibility (0.215 vs 0.166) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (0.196 vs 0.145). Defatting the PPF and treating it with 5% NaOH solution significantly (p<0.01) improved both the dry matter and organic matter digestibility. Washing the NaOH-treated PPF resulted in a higher digestibility of dry matter as against NaNW or NAD. These results suggest that defatting and treatment with 5% NaOH would improve the feeding value of PPF.     

树干注射施药技术研究概况

对树干注射施药技术的原理、注药机械、特点、应用、关键技术等作了详细的论述。树干注射施药技术是依靠树体自身的蒸腾拉力或外力向树体内输入营养物质、生长调节剂、农药或其他物质,以达到防治病虫害、强化营养、矫治缺素症、调节植物生长等目的的一种方法。随着对树干注射施药技术原理和应用研究的深入、设备的改进、关键技术的解决,该技术已日趋成熟,并受到了广大果园和林木管理者的重视。     

地胆头注射液的制备及其体外抑菌效果研究

分别用3种不同浓度的乙醇水溶液进行热回流浸提,制备地胆头原液.然后用醇溶液调pH值法除去鞣质以及乙醚脱脂、活性炭脱色等方法进行除杂脱色,制备地胆头有效部位注射液.对地胆头注射液进行了质量和安全性检查及体外药效试验.结果表明,制备的地胆头注射液对金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎双球菌、大肠埃希氏杆菌和肠炎沙门氏菌均有明显的抑制作用,其中用65%乙醇提取制备的地胆头注射液效果最好,3种注射液都具有很好的澄明度和安全性.     

Effect of Shenfu injection on hemodynamics of hypovolemic shock and oxygen delivery

AIM: To evaluate the effect of Shenfu injection on hemodynamics of hypovolemic shock patients and oxygen delivery by transesophageal Doppler echocardiography (Hemosonic 100 TM). METHODS: The transesophageal probe was placed in 32 patients with hypovolemic shock. 50 mL Shenfu injection were intravenously administered within 5 min. The parameters, including ABF, SVa, Acc, LVETi and TSVRa, were recorded at interval of 5, 10, 20, 30, 60 and 120 min. Meanwhile, MAP was measured at the same interval. Arterial and venous blood gases were taken at the beginning and 30, 60 and 120 min of the trial. DO2, VO2 and ERO2 were calculated. RESULTS: Acc, SVa, ABF increased while TSVRa decreased at 10 min after administration of Shenfu injection (P<0.01). DO2 and VO2 increased (P<0.01) and ERO2 decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Shenfu injection has a beneficial effect on hypovolemic shock by increasing cardiac output and improving oxygen delivery.     

营养针剂微量元素在羊血液中释放规律研究

根据对北京地区肉羊用饲草来源及种类进行的微量元素概略调查分析,合成了肉羊用营养针剂,并对营养针剂中微量元素释放规律进行了研究。结果表明:试验组营养针剂中微量元素释放速度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),缓释剂在控制营养针剂中微量元素释放速度上有一定的效果。     

Effects of N-methyl-D, L-aspartate on secretion of growth hormone-releasing hormone from the boar hypothalamic-preoptic area and median eminence in vitro

N-methyl-D, L-aspartate (NMA) elicited secretion of growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone from both the hypothalamic-preoptic area and the median eminence that were collected from boars. We suggest that the previously described increase in GH secretion that follows peripheral treatment of swine with NMA is attributable, at least in part, to NMA-stimulated secretion of GH-releasing hormone from the central nervous system.