土地整理项目综合效益评价——以高安市为例

以高安市土地整理项目为例,从土地整理的经济、社会和生态效益3个方面入手,构建由经济效益指标、社会效益指标和生态效益指标组成的土地整理效益评价指标体系,采用层次分析法、成对比较法等方法对土地整理项目进行综合效益评价。该研究对土地整理效益的评价进行了有益的探索,对整理项目实施提供参考。     

羟基肉桂酸锗氮桥环化合物在乌鸡饲料中的应用

[目的]以羟基肉桂酸锗氮桥环化合物为添加剂,研究将其添加于乌鸡日粮中对乌鸡生化指标的影响。[方法]以邻、对、间羟基肉桂酸锗各40 mg/kg添加到日粮中,分别在30、60、75、90、120日龄时,测定乌鸡的体重、黑色素含量、脂肪含量。[结果]在乌鸡饲料中添加肉桂酸锗均能提高乌鸡体重,增加黑色素含量,降低脂肪含量,而邻、对、间羟基肉桂酸锗之间无显著差异。[结论]该研究为锗添加剂在乌骨鸡生产中的应用提供了理论依据。     

新西兰实验兔体重及体尺增长模式

对自繁培育的普通级新西兰兔不同时期体重、体长、胸围、耳长及尾长的增长模式进行观察，结果表明：哺乳期（０～６周龄）体重及体尺增长比较缓慢，断奶后迅速增长；其中体重日均增长，０～２周龄最低，为９．２１ｇ，１２～１６周龄最高，为３７．２４ｇ；体长与耳长的日均增长，２～４周龄最高，１２～１６周龄最低；胸围及尾长的日均增长则是４～８周龄最高，１２～１６周龄最低。     

昆明市植烟环境适宜性评价方法研究

为了明确昆明市烤烟最佳种植区域,综合考虑土壤、气候等4个评价指标,利用GIS的空间分析能力,运用特尔斐法和层次分析法(AHP)确定权重,探讨植烟环境适宜性评价的方法及步骤,进行植烟环境适宜性的定量分析,最终将植烟环境划分为最适宜、适宜、次适宜和不适宜4类,对昆明市植烟环境适宜性进行综合评价。     

Impact of ethanol,succinic acid,and the combination thereof at levels produced during sponge fermentation on hard wheat,soft wheat,and durum wheat farinograph rheology

The sponge and dough mixing process is one of the most common in the world, yet the mechanistic understanding of this process has yet to be sufficiently explored. In this study, aqueous solutions of ethanol, succinic acid, and their combination were prepared at concentrations intended to replicate fermentation times of 3, 4 and 6 h. These solutions were added to a farinograph mixer to make dough using hard wheat, soft wheat, and durum wheat flour. The results indicate that these yeast metabolites (ethanol, succinic acid) impact the mixing resistance, peak mixing value, and dough mixing stability in each of the flour types, likely primarily affected by the ratios of gliadin to glutenin and LMW glutenin in each flour type. Results suggest a stabilizing non-covalent interaction imparted by gliadin at peak mixing time, a stabilizing effect of HMW glutenin during break down, and synergistic effects of ethanol and succinic acid that leads to a faster rate of breakdown in later stages of mixing. It also suggests an increase in mixing resistance when acidulants are added to durum wheat dough. Taken together, this study adds new insights on the sponge and dough mixing process in a way that has not previously been conducted.     

Surgical Repair of a Diaphragmatic Tear in a Thoroughbred Broodmare

A 9-year-old multiparous Thoroughbred broodmare presented for evaluation of acute signs of colic. The patient had a 4-month history of poor appetite, weight loss, and decreased body condition after parturition, despite appropriate feeding by the farm to minimize weight loss associated with increased nutrient requirements. The patient was diagnosed with a diaphragmatic hernia through transabdominal and thoracic ultrasonography. The diaphragmatic hernia was repaired surgically under general anesthesia.     

Effects of Diet and Weight Gain on Body Condition Scoring in Thoroughbred Geldings

In the horse, the body condition score (BCS) system to assess subcutaneous fat deposition is a useful tool for making feeding management decisions. The system includes assessing fat deposition at six body areas (neck, withers, shoulders, ribs, loin, and tail head) and was developed in Quarter Horse mares. It has not been tested for use on other breeds or genders, possibly compromising the system's ability to describe fat accretion in other classes of horse. The objective of this study was to examine the ability of the previously developed fat accretion characteristics to describe fat deposition in mature Thoroughbred (TB) geldings. An additional goal was to determine whether fewer body areas could be used. Fifteen mature TB geldings were fed for weight gain over an 8-month period on one of two diets and were independently assessed for BCS on a monthly basis by two judges. BCS was determined by averaging the scores that were assigned to each of the six body areas. Fat accretion characteristics were also recorded. Across both diets, the neck area scored significantly higher than the withers and loin (P < 0.05) throughout the study. A BCS derived only from the body areas of neck, shoulders, ribs, and tailhead was found to accurately predict the six body area−derived mean BCS. The results of this study provide justification for modifications of the BCS system for use in TB geldings and also demonstrated that fewer body areas can be used to accurately predict mean BCS.     

计算机视觉技术在智能养猪中的研究进展

计算机视觉是人工智能的重要发展方向,可以显著改善人与世界的交互方式,加强计算机视觉技术在智能养猪中的研究和应用必将为养猪业带来一场变革。本文综述了计算机视觉技术在猪只识别、行为监测、体尺测量、体重估测、肉品质评定、疾病监测等方面的研究进展,以期促进我国养猪业的智能化发展。     

不同放牧制度和强度下奶牛生产性能的研究──2.放牧对奶牛产奶量及体增重的影响

本文作者在湖南南山牧场首次研究了不同放牧制度(分区轮牧和连续放牧)和放牧强度(0.467,0.667和0.867ha/头)下在多年生黑麦草/白三叶人工草地上放牧的黑白花奶牛产奶量、乳比重及体重的变化。结果表明:轮牧制奶牛的产奶量显著高于连续放牧制(1632.5vs.1462.3kg/头)。不同放牧强度下,奶牛的产奶量以中等放牧强度最高,轻牧次之,重牧最低,分别为1724.5、1571.1和1331.2kgh头。放牧期间两种放牧制间奶牛平均日增重差异不显著,以轮牧制较高(0.224vs.0.205kg/头·天);三种放牧强度间奶牛的平均日增重差异也不显著,由大到小依次为B3>B2>B1,分别为0.242、0.225和0.176kg/头·天。不同放牧处理对牛奶比重影响不大。这说明在本试验条件下,放牧制度和放牧强度对奶牛平均日增重增加影响不显著,但对奶牛的产奶量有显著的影响。     

光照强度对小麦不同品种结实率及千粒重的影响

1995～1997年在山西省临汾市就光照强度在小麦灌浆期对小麦不同品种结实率、千粒重的影响进行了研究。结果表明,在灌浆期光照强度减少1／2时,小麦的结实率、千粒重普遍下降,结实率平均减少19．3％,千粒重损失27．3％,不同品种间差异较大。