Characterization of isolates of binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. associated with strawberry black root rot complex using fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles

Black root rot is an important disease of strawberry caused by a complex of fungi that includes species of Rhizoctonia. In this study, a modified MIDI method (Microbial Identification System) was investigated for its utility to differentiate isolates of the three different anastomosis groups (AGs) of binucleate Rhizoctonia spp., associated with strawberry black root rot complex representing AG-A, AG-G, and AG-I. A total of 11 fatty acids were detected, and the FAME profiles for isolates of the three different AGs of Rhizoctonia spp. varied quantitatively and qualitatively. Moreover, the modified MIDI method will be a useful discriminatory tool for fungal identification and classification of the AGs of binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. associated with strawberry black root rot complex.     

Liver protection by Sini decoction in hemorrhagic shock and its mechanism relating to oxygen free radical and nitric oxide

AIM:The work was designed to explore protective effects of a traditional Chinese medicine-sini decoction (SD) on liver in hemorrhagic shock and its mechanism relating to oxygen free radical and nitric oxide.METHODS:Anesthetized Wistar rats were subjected to a hemorrhagic shock protocol for 60 min followed by intravenous injection with normal sodium chloride solution or SD solution. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) in liver were examined. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was determined immunohistochemically. RT-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)was used to assay the mRNA, which were corresponding to eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) and iNOS.RESULTS:The activity of SOD decreased, while the concentration of MDA increased in liver during hemorrhagic shock. SD enhanced SOD activity and inhibited a increase in MDA level in liver (P＜0.01). The NO concentrations in liver in SD group increased at three hours after resuscitation (P<0.01). In addition, it was found that the expression of iNOS was upregulated in sodium chloride-treated group, while SD upregulated the expression of eNOS.CONCLUSION:SD reduces the liver injury caused by oxygen free radicals during hemorrhagic shock. The increasing NO concentration by SD is through upregulation of endothelial NOS expression.     

几种机能性薄膜包装对香蕉贮藏效果的影响

 测定了4 种日本产机能性薄膜和聚乙烯薄膜在20 ℃的气体透过性,并用其分别包装经乙烯处理的香蕉,测定20 ℃贮藏期间袋内气体浓度、香蕉呼吸强度、乙烯释放量、果肉硬度与果皮色的变化。结果表明:机能性薄膜并不能有效地吸附去除包装内的乙烯气体;在一定温度下,薄膜的透气性是影响自发气调包装效果的主要因素。     

修形ZI蜗轮滚刀制造工艺的研究（节选）

本文对滚刀齿形铲磨的啮合原理进行了深入的研究,论证了滚刀齿形的不可径向铲磨性。根据反共轭原理,提出了分段折线逼近砂轮廓形的数值计算方法,能够正确的解决修形ZI蜗轮滚刀铲磨砂轮轴向廓形设计问题,而且在微形机上就能实现。本文还从理论上分析了滚刀设计参数和铲磨工艺参数对滚刀齿形重磨精度的影响,提出了变砂轮中心高铲磨新工艺,为增加滚刀齿形合格长度开辟了新途径,最后提出了检查滚刀重磨截面齿形误差的方法,试制出了较为满意的修形ZI蜗轮滚刀。     

改良拉丁方设计及其在油菜品种试验中的应用

针对一些常规试验设计存在的不足，在传统拉丁方设计的基础上提出改良拉丁方设计，这种设计试验次数少，能从纵横两个方向消除土壤差异，试验数据可沿用传统拉丁方设计的统计分析方法，具有较高的试验精确度。     

High pressure processing manipulated buckwheat antioxidant activity,anti-adipogenic properties and starch digestibility

Effect of high pressure processing (HPP) on buckwheat nutritional properties is investigated in this study. The results indicated that the digestion of buckwheat starches of untreated and HPP treated at room temperature (RT) showed an “internal corrosion” pattern. However, an “exocorrosion” digestion behavior was observed for the starches of HPP treated sample at 45 °C, which might be due to the formation of amylose–lipid complexes during the process as revealed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). HPP treatment at 45 °C increased the antioxidant activity of the buckwheat as measured using 1,1′-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazylvalue (DPPH) and iron chelating capacity (ICC) compared to untreated sample (P < 0.05), which might be associated with the release of bound phenolic compounds. More importantly, this is the first study to investigate the ability of buckwheat extract for inhibiting the formation of fat droplets using a C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cell line, and found that the extract of buckwheat after HPP treatment at 45 °C demonstrated significant anti-adipogenic effects. This study suggested the HPP treatment at an increased temperature (45 °C) achieved a better nutritional value of the buckwheat than both untreated and treated at RT.     

酸化对土壤质量的影响及酸化土壤的主要改良措施研究进展

酸化是土壤退化的一个重要方面。近年来,随着工业化的持续推进、人类活动的频繁干扰及其他各种因素的影响,土壤酸化问题日渐突出。综述了土壤酸化的现状、土壤酸化的机理和影响因素、土壤酸化对土壤质量的影响及酸化土壤的主要改良措施等方面的研究进展,分析了土壤酸化研究存在的问题,指出了相关研究方向。     

提取玫瑰基因组DNA几种方法的比较

为了找到一种方便、快捷且经济高效的玫瑰叶片基因组DNA提取方法,为玫瑰后期的分子生物学研究奠定良好基础,以不同品种的玫瑰幼嫩叶片为材料,分别利用CTAB法、SDS法、改良CTAB法、试剂盒法4种方法提取玫瑰基因组DNA,经过琼脂糖凝胶电泳、紫外分光光度法对所提DNA的质量和产量进行检测比较。结果表明：4种方法均可从玫瑰叶片中提取到DNA,改良CTAB法作为对常规方法的改进,在保证经济实用的前提下提取到的DNA质量最好,浓度最高;而试剂盒法作为一种快速提取植物基因组DNA的新兴方法,虽然产量略低,费用略高,但操作步骤简单,耗时短,毒害小,高效快捷。各实验室可根据实际情况选择适宜的方法。     

基于改进GM(1,1)模型的中国大豆价格预测

中国大豆产业是国家基础性产业之一,国内外大豆市场对大豆价格波动影响极大,对中国大豆波动情况加以研究具有重要的意义。在分析GM(1,1)模型有效性的基础上,讨论了其在农产品预测的可行性,从而采用改进GM(1,1)模型用1990-2014年中国大豆价格预测2015-2017年中国大豆价格分别为4.40,4.57和4.74元·kg-1,在本试验中改进GM(1,1)模型并没有对原始序列进行累加操作,说明原始序列具备准指数规律。检验结果表明后验差比值小于0.5和小误差概率大于0.8,说明采用灰色预测对此数据加以预测合格。2015年价格低于2015年东北三省和内蒙古大豆价格目标价格,说明中国大豆仍处于低迷状态,会导致中国大豆种植面积及农民种植意愿继续降低。据此给出对策与建议,一是继续提高大豆种植补贴和大豆目标价格;二是加大地方大豆产业的政策性扶持,尤其是非转基因大豆产业的扶持,保持国内大豆产业健康发展;三是提高大豆行业与豆农的组织化程度。     

加味参附姜苓汤对围月经期咳嗽变异性哮喘患者血清MMP-2、MMP-9及TIMP-1表达的影响

目的 研究加味参附姜苓汤对围月经期咳嗽变异性哮喘患者血清金属基质蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）、金属基质蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）及金属基质蛋白酶抑制剂-1（TIMP-1）表达的影响,探讨其治疗围月经期咳嗽变异性哮喘的作用机制。方法 将围月经期咳嗽变异性哮喘患者80例,随机分为治疗组和对照组各40例。治疗组服用加味参附姜苓汤治疗,对照组口服氨茶碱缓释片联合酮体芬片治疗,疗程3个月。观察两组疗效及治疗前后血清MMP-2、MMP-9及TIMP-1表达变化。结果 治疗组总有效率为90.0%,对照组为72.5%,治疗组疗效优于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后两组血清MMP-2、MMP-9及TIMP-1表达水平显著降低（P<0.05,P<0.01）,且治疗组降低较对照组显著（P<0.05,P<0.01）。结论 加味参附姜苓汤对围月经期咳嗽变异性哮喘具有较好的疗效,其可能通过下调患者血清MMP-2、MMP-9及TIMP-1表达而发挥治疗作用。