The role of sentinel lymph node mapping in small animal veterinary medicine: A comparison with current approaches in human medicine

The relevance of regional lymph node (LN) assessment to quantify the metastatic spread of cancer is well recognized in veterinary oncology. Evaluation of LNs is critical for tumour staging. However, sampling the correct LN may not be possible without sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping. Methods for diagnostic imaging and intraoperative detection of SLNs are well established in human medicine, in particular, the combination of lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative application of blue dyes. Nevertheless, alternative imaging techniques are available and have gained increasing interest. Successful implementation of these techniques in dogs have been reported in both clinical and experimental studies. This review aims to provide an overview of SLN mapping techniques in human and veterinary medicine.     

The sonographic evaluation of lymph nodes

Ultrasound can be used to detect and evaluate both normal and abnormal lymph nodes, as well as aid in biopsy sampling procedures, an important part of staging procedures in cancer patients. Several parameters can be evaluated using ultrasound; lymph node size, margins, echogenicity, echopattern (echotexture), acoustic transmission, presence and distribution of vascular flow, and vascular flow indices. The most diagnostically helpful include the short/long axis ratio of the lymph node, the pattern of distribution of the blood vessels within the lymph node, and to some extent the resistive and pulsatility indices. This review discusses the use of ultrasound for detecting, evaluating, and sampling peripheral, abdominal and thoracic lymph nodes in small animals.     

Rooting ability of Leucaena leucocephala stem cuttings

Single-node leafy and leafless cuttings harvested from one-year-old, 1.3 to 1.5 m tall Leucaena leucocephala seedlings were successfully rooted in a non-mist propagator which is suitable for use in the rural tropics. Cuttings with a leaf attached rooted more successfully than those without a leaf (71% and 39% respectively) and clones differed significantly (43% to 71%). There was also a clear pattern in rooting ability of cuttings collected sequentially down the main stem. Cuttings rooted most successfully when taken from node five to 13, counting from the apex; this was the region where internodes were longest (64 to 109 mm) of moderate diameter (2.9 to 5.5 mm) and all cuttings had a leaf attached. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

有限元法在材料力学中的应用

有限元法在工程技术的领域得到了广泛的应用,它是一种利用固体理论基础的数值分析方法,本文主要探讨有限元法在材料力学中的应用。     

节点式渗灌温室黄瓜适宜灌水控制下限的研究

以温室栽培小区节点式渗灌灌溉试验的方法,研究黄瓜生育前期和后期不同灌水控制下限对黄瓜田间耗水量、作物产量以及水分利用效率的影响,灌水控制上限为田间持水率,计划湿润层的湿润比为0.7。结果表明,灌水控制下限土壤水吸力值与灌水量、黄瓜产量和水分利用效率的数量关系可用二元二次方程表达;黄瓜前、后2个生育期灌水控制下限土壤水吸力值分别为20 kPa及35 kPa时,可实现节水、高产和高效的同步提高。     

沿黄荒漠绿洲区生态廊道与生态节点识别及景观格局优化——以磴口县为例

沿黄荒漠绿洲区景观格局构建及优化对防治土地荒漠化、促进生态可持续发展具有重要意义。以磴口为研究区,分析2005—2020年磴口景观类型时空演变特征,结合最小累积阻力（MCR）模型、电路理论和水文分析法综合识别生态廊道和生态节点,利用重力模型和景观连接度指数判断生态廊道和生态节点重要性,构建磴口荒漠绿洲区景观格局并提出优化建议。结果表明：1）2005—2020年磴口主要植被景观中,耕地规模最大且持续扩张,草地呈先增加后减少趋势,林地则持续缩减;2）识别出重要草地生态源地8块,重要生态廊道99条和重要生态节点345个。以耕地和草地类型为主,均位于研究区中部和东南部;3）提取出需重点优化生态障碍点面积159.83 km²,需重点优化生态夹点面积81.18 km²,分别位于研究区西北部和中部区域;4）最后,从维持南部并扩大西北部生态源地规模、打通并优化重要林草生态廊道和生态节点、生态障碍点和生态夹点等多方面提出荒漠绿洲区景观格局优化建议。本研究可为荒漠绿洲区生态环境规划提供重要科学依据。     

不同灌水条件下地下渗灌试验研究

地下渗灌是一种理想滴灌方式,由于关键技术没有很好解决,至今发展面积很小。针对这一问题,提出本试验研究。该试验是在实验室内的一个50cm×30cm×60cm的有机玻璃槽中进行,所用的土都是黏壤土。试验采用地下节点渗灌的方法。对试验所得的数据进行分析,得出地下渗灌的湿润锋运移基本规律、土壤含水率的分布规律,并在不同灌水量条件下对湿润锋的影响等进行了初步探讨。     

农杆菌介导法将热激转录因子8基因转入大豆

植物转化是开展基因工程育种和鉴定基因功能的重要途径。本研究的目的在于向大豆受体导入热激转录因子8（heat shock factor 8,hsf8)基因,以加强目的基因hsp70的表达和增加转基因大豆的抗逆性,同时探索提高大豆转化率的途径。本文以大豆子叶节为外植体,通过农杆菌介导法将hsf8基因转入栽培大豆品种科新3号中,获得了13株抗卡那霉素的转化植株。PCR检测表明,其中的9株呈阳性反应,证明hsf8基因已整合到大豆基因组中。本实验获得的实际转化率为2．39％。文中讨论了选择适宜的种子灭菌方法和大豆受体品种对提高转化率的有效作用。     

大豆未成熟种子子叶节不定芽再生的初步研究

以冀豆12和中黄13的未成熟种子子叶节为外植体,研究了6BA浓度、取材时间和种子发育程度对大豆未成熟种子子叶节不定芽诱导的影响.结果表明:冀豆12最佳取材时间为开花后60～66 d,最佳6-BA浓度为1.0～1.5 mg·L-1,出芽率达96.67%～100%.中黄13最佳取材时间为开花后49～65 d,6-BA浓度为...     

大豆子叶节再生中植物生长调节剂浓度及基因型筛选

以黑农35为实验材料,对大豆子叶节再生过程中种子的灭菌方法、萌发培养基中植物生长调节剂的浓度、丛生芽分化、生根培养与驯化等过程中植物生长调节剂的浓度进行研究,确定了大豆组培过程中最适合的种子灭菌方法是氯气灭菌法,确定了萌发培养基中的6-BA浓度为2mg/L,丛生芽分化培养基中6-BA浓度为1.70mg/L,GA3浓度为0.5mg/L时,分化率最高（78.1%）生根培养基中添加0.37mg/ LNAA更适合根的生长。采用此方法对北方37个主要栽培大豆品种进行了基因型筛选,确定了合丰25、黑农35、合丰35、绥农10、绥农14等5个比较适合的大豆基因型。