复合中草药添加剂对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

试验旨在研究不同剂量复合中草药添加剂对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响。选取84头(28±1)日龄、体重(8±0.5) kg的"杜×长×大"三元杂交断奶母仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复7头猪。试验1组饲喂基础日粮为对照组,试验2、3、4组分别添加2.0、2.5、3.0 g/kg的复合中草药添加剂。结果表明,试验3、4组仔猪平均日增重、平均日采食量显著高于试验1组(P<0.05);试验2、3、4组仔猪料重比、腹泻率显著低于试验1组(P<0.05)。试验3、4组仔猪的血清总蛋白、白蛋白含量显著高于试验1组(P<0.05);试验3、4仔猪血清尿素氮含量、谷丙转氨酶活性显著低于试验1组(P<0.05),试验4组仔猪血清碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性显著高于试验1组(P<0.05)。试验4组仔猪血清免疫球蛋白G (IgG)、免疫球蛋白A (IgA)、补体C3、补体C4含量显著高于试验1组(P<0.05)。研究表明,日粮添加3.0 g/kg的复合中草药添加剂能有效提高断奶仔猪生长性能、调节代谢水平、增强免疫功能。     

替代抗生素饲料添加剂研究进展

抗生素作为主要的饲料添加剂在几十年的广泛应用过程中造成了致病菌耐药性增强、动物免疫力降低、影响动物疫苗的效价、通过食物链影响人体健康等亟待解决的问题。我国农业农村部已发布公告,自2020年起我国饲料全面禁止添加使用抗生素类添加剂,饲料行业正式进入“无抗时代”。长期以来,研究人员积极寻求研发各种抗生素替代品及绿色无害的饲料添加剂,以消除或减轻禁用抗生素带来的一系列影响。就目前主要抗生素替代品的抗菌特点及抗菌机理进行综述,旨在为“禁抗”后抗菌性添加剂在饲料中的应用提供参考。     

Effects of Complex Nutritional Regulation Additives on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Grazing Sheep in Cold Season

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of complex nutritional regulation additives on growth performance, slaughter performance and serum biochemical indexes of grazing sheep in cold season.A single factor random block design was used and 48 grazing ewes with the average weight (28.01±1.70) kg and 7 months old were randomly divided into 4 groups:Group Ⅰ without supplement;Group Ⅱ with concentrate;Group Ⅲ with concentrate+complex formulation 1 (0.30% malic acid, 0.06% cysteamine, 0.08% saccharicterpenin);Group Ⅳ with concentrate+complex formulation 2 (0.60% malic acid, 0.12% cysteamine, 0.16% saccharicterpenin)with 3 replicates per group and 4 grazing ewes per replicate.The results showed that:①The final weight of group Ⅲ was the highest and higher than group Ⅱ and Ⅳ by 6.26% (P>0.05)、3.69% (P>0.05), respectively.The average daily gain of group Ⅲ was highest, and higher than group Ⅱ and Ⅳ by 26.32% (P<0.01)、5.74% (P>0.05) respectively.②Comparing with group Ⅱ, the slaughter rate of group Ⅲ was increased by 4.68% (P>0.05).Compared with groupⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅳ, the meat percentage of group Ⅲ was increased 18.46% (P<0.05), 10.97% (P>0.05) and 4.40% (P>0.05), while the net meat weight of carcass in group Ⅲ was increased by 49.74% (P<0.01), 13.22% (P>0.05) and 18.27% (P<0.05), respectively.Compared with groupⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅳ, the net meat rat of carcass in group Ⅲ was increased 10.42% (P<0.01)、6.00% (P>0.05) and 3.37% (P>0.05), respectively.③There was a rising trend as the order of groupⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅳ and Ⅲ in serum glucose, Ca, P, HDL, LDL, GPT and IgG, while A/G and TG showed a decreasing trend.Based on the above results, in this trial, supplementing complex nutritional regulation additives had good effects on growth performance, slaughter performance and serum biochemical indexes of grazing sheep in cold season.And supplementing complex formulation group 1 (group Ⅲ) was the best.     

The effect of lactic acid bacterial starter culture and chemical additives on wilted rice straw silage

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are suitable for rice straw silage fermentation, but have been studied rarely, and rice straw as raw material for ensiling is difficult because of its disadvantages, such as low nutrition for microbial activities and low abundances of natural populations of LAB. So we investigated the effect of application of LAB and chemical additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of wilted rice straw silage. Treatment with chemical additives increased the concentrations of crude protein (CP), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), acetic acid and lactic acid, reduced the concentrations of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), but did not effectively inhibit the growth of spoilage organisms. Inoculation with LABs did not improve the nutritional value of the silage because of poor growth of LABs in wilted rice straw. Inoculation with LAB and addition of chemical materials improved the quality of silage similar to the effects of addition of chemical materials alone. Growth of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria was inhibited by this mixed treatment and the LAB gradually dominated the microbial community. In summary, the fermentation quality of wilted rice straw silage had improved by addition of LAB and chemical materials.     

Si3N4陶瓷/GCr15钢摩擦副复配添加剂协同效应

对Si3N4陶瓷/GCr15钢副在油性剂T406与极压抗磨剂P120复配作用下的摩擦磨损性质进行了对比试验研究.采用SSX-550型扫描电子显微镜观察试件的磨损表面形貌,并用能量散射谱仪进行了磨损表面的化学元素分析.结果表明,T406与P120复配对该摩擦副有较明显的减磨抗磨协同作用,最佳复配比例为1.0%T406＋2.0%P120.能谱分析结果表明,T406与P120复配时,产生的协同作用主要是在GCr15钢摩擦表面形成的化学反应膜,Si3N4陶瓷/GCr15钢副的磨损形式主要为磨料磨损和化学腐蚀磨损.     

高校图书馆应对网上非法期刊信息的服务举措

分析了网上非法期刊信息的主要特征及给教师、科研人员造成的危害。高校图书馆应对非法期刊应采取的服务措施。     

降低黑茶中可溶态氟含量的研究

通过模拟试验筛选出几种具有降低茶叶和茶汤中可溶性氟含量的食品添加剂,它们是活性钙、氯化镁、活性白土,在茶汤中使用时可溶性氟分别降低至原液的44.0%、46.3%和54.6%,当与茶叶原料混合时可使水溶态氟降低至原料的64.4%、71.1%和73.2%,因此在需要时适当使用这类材料可起到降低黑茶中可溶态氟含量的作用。     

微生态制剂在肉鸡饲料中应用效果的研究

试验选用1日龄商品代黄羽肉鸡混合苗500只,随机分成五组,设1个对照组及4个试验组,试验组分别在对照组基础上添加不同剂量微生态制剂,以探讨其效果。结果显示：“保得”微生态制剂能够取代肉鸡饲粮中的抗生素、抗菌药组基础上添加不同剂量微生态制剂,以探讨其效果,结果显示：“保得”微生态制剂能够取代肉鸡饲粮中的抗生素、抗菌药物类生长促进剂;微生态制剂适宜添加方式为饮水中添加;饮水中“保得”微生态制剂适宜添加量为小鸡150mg/kg、中鸡100mg/kg、大鸡50mg/kg;饲料中“保得”微生态制剂适宜添加量为小鸡600mg/kg、中鸡400mg/kg、大鸡200mg/kg;微生态制剂能有效地改善肉鸡的胴体品质及消除畜产品中药物残留。     

中草药添加剂在猪生产中的应用研究

中草药添加剂具有无药物残留、促生长等多方面优势,在我国的养猪业中发挥着越来越重要的作用。文章综述了猪用饲料添加剂在猪生产中的仔猪生长、猪的育肥、猪的繁殖性能等方面的作用,并指出了现阶段存在的问题。     

一种新型饲料添加剂——厚朴酚类提取物

本文就厚朴中酚类的主要成分、药理作用、提取方法以及应用作一综述。