国外农业产业化经营组织模式分析

本文对各国的农业产业化经营组织进行对比分析,把国外农业产业化经营组织模式分为4种类型:合同制、农业合作制、农工商综合体和联营体。对该4种类型的概念、特点及其适应条件进行了分析和论述。     

Electronic feed stations for feeding concentrates to pregnant ewes on commercial sheep farms

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the use and capacity of electronic feed stations (EFS) on commercial sheep farms. The study was conducted on four commercial farms and the numbers of pregnant ewes per EFS were 36, 70, 72 and 80, respectively. Each farm was visited once and behavioural observations were carried out. In addition the date and time for both entering and leaving the EFS and the amount of concentrates dispensed at each visit for extracted. The vast majority of the ewes used the EFS regularly. The number of rewarded visits per ewe per day varied from 3.2 to 5.9, whereas the number of unrewarded visits ranged from 6.0 to 21.5 per ewe per day. We conclude that feeding concentrates to groups of pregnant ewes in EFS function satisfactory, but the design of the entrance and exit gate still have to be improved considerably.     

Determination of the botanical origin of honey by sensor fusion of impedance e-tongue and optical spectroscopy

The aim of this study was to discriminate four commercial brands of Portuguese honeys according to their botanical origin by sensor fusion of impedance electronic tongue (e-tongue) and optical spectroscopy (UV–Vis–NIR) assisted by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA). We have also introduced a new technique for variable selection through one-dimensional clustering which proved very useful for data fusion. The results were referenced against standard sample identification by classical melissopalynology analysis. Individual analysis of each technique showed that the e-tongue clearly outperformed the optical techniques. The electronic and optical spectra were fitted to analytical models and the model coefficients were used as new variables for PCA and CA. This approach has improved honey classification by the e-tongue but not by the optical methods. Data from the three techniques was then considered simultaneously. Simple concatenation of all matrices did not improve the classification results. Multi-way PCA (MPCA) proved to be a good option for data fusion yielding 100% classification success. Finally, a variable selection method based on one-dimensional clustering was used to define two new approaches to sensor fusion, and both yielded sample clusters even better defined than using MPCA. In this work we demonstrate for the first time the feasibility of sensor fusion of electronic and optical spectroscopy data and propose a new variable selection method that improved significantly the classification of the samples through multivariate statistical analysis.     

人工味觉系统在茶叶品质评价中的应用进展

综述人工味觉系统在茶叶感官品质评价中的应用进展,主要包括茶类区分、品质相关性分析、品质定量分析等,并提出ATS(Artificial taste systems)在茶汤预处理标准化、传感器稳定性和灵敏度的提高、模式识别技术的开发等方面的发展前景.     

基于VB的MIDI电子琴改进

提出了MIDI电子琴的实现方法,给出了多媒体API时间函数,支持鼠标和键盘弹奏,并且具有录制和回放功能,有利于电子琴的学习和指导.经实践,该MIDI电子琴实用、易操作,具有良好的功能.     

电子鼻在畜禽养殖场中的应用及研究进展

畜禽养殖场产生的恶臭气体是重要的环境污染因子,常规的检测技术如三点臭袋法费时费力,易受人为因素影响; 气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)耗时较长、耗费较高,不能确定混合气中各物质对恶臭的贡献份额,无法把恶臭结果与感官嗅觉相关联。这两者均不利于快速准确地评价恶臭污染状况。本文介绍了电子鼻的基本原理及其在畜禽养殖场恶臭管理中的应用,总结了国内外电子鼻技术的发展现状,阐明了电子鼻开发过程中的重点内容,并对今后电子鼻的发展趋势做出了预测和展望。     

电子导师制在农科类专业教学中的应用

介绍了电子导师制的内涵,针对农科类专业学习资源短缺、教学方法陈旧、导师严重不足、师生交流困难的问题,提出了电子导师制在农科类专业教学中的应用策略。     

基于易物思想的校园电子商务发展模式研究

随着互联网的普及,电子商务作为一种全新的贸易方式和商业模式开始出现。针对当前校园电子商务发展过程中遇到的问题,本文从客户群体、服务内容和商业氛围三个方面详细分析了校园环境的特殊性,并提出了一种全新的基于易物思想的校园电子商务发展新模式,它很好地满足了高校校园环境的要求,业务流程简单、规范,具有无需设置物流配送中心、第三方支付平台等诸多优点,具有很强的可行性和实践意义。     

应用电子鼻鉴别不同绵羊和山羊品种相同部位的羊肉研究

为了开发和利用滩羊这一独特的地方品种资源,保护宁夏滩羊肉的品牌和维护消费者的合法权益,使用电子鼻对滩羊、小尾寒羊和山羊的背最长肌、后腿肌肉和胸部肌肉的挥发性物质进行了测定,采用主成分分析(PCA)、传感器贡献率分析(Loadings)、线性分析(LDA)3种方法进行区别分析。结果表明:利用电子鼻可明显区分3个品种羊的胸部肌肉和背最长肌,而胸部肌肉PCA分析区分率达到了1.0,表明胸部肌肉可以实现完全区分。     

抗战时期皖南屯溪商业的繁荣及其原因探析

抗战时期,皖南重镇屯溪的商业繁荣,主要表现为:各种行业比较兴盛、经营类型多元化、商业组织逐渐完善。屯溪商业的繁荣得益于优越的地理位置、大量机关难民的迁入和众多的过往人员。