Synergetic effects of oral administration of levamisole and Echinacea purpurea on immune response in Wistar rat

This research investigated the effects of levamisole and Echinacea purpurea (EP), separately and together on the immune response of the rat as a laboratory model. In this experiment, 40 male Wistar rats were obtained and divided into four groups (n = 10). These groups received normal saline (10 mg/kg), EP (500 mg/kg), levamisole (2 mg/kg) and EP (500 mg/kg) with levamisole (2 mg/kg) as oral gavages every day for a period of 4 weeks, respectively. After obtaining blood samples (at the end of each week), haematocrit (HCT), differential and total white blood cell (WBC) counts, phagocyte activity (number), total protein, albumin and globulins levels of samples were obtained. The results of the study showed that the gamma globulin level, WBC, neutrophil and monocyte counts and phagocyte activity increased significantly in comparison with normal saline group during the study. According to the results, each of the mentioned agents had a stimulant effect on the immune system separately and together on rats. In the group that received EP and levamisole simultaneously, these effects were synergistically increased. These compounds, by increasing the mentioned factors, will probably affect the immune system.     

牵牛花杂交F2代的RAPD多态性分析

从50个引物中筛选了5个引物对园叶牵牛4个亲本及各杂交组合F2单株的总DNA进行RAPD扩增,共产生了83条DNA扩增带,它们的分子量在200～2 500bp之间.同一引物在不同的供试材料上具有不同的指纹图谱,扩增带的变幅在1～15之间,多态性也随引物的不同而异.3个杂交组合F2基因组的DNA均有不少片段来自双亲中的共有片段,部分来自母本,另一部分则来自父本,还有极少的一部分 是双亲均不具备的特异性片段,而双亲中原有的部分片段(特异性片段)在子代中却已消失.     

黄瓜花叶病毒紫松果菊分离物外壳蛋白特性分析

以紫松果菊上分离的黄瓜花叶病毒2-1-2的RNA为模板,采用RT-PCR(反转录聚合酶链式反应,下同)技术对2-1-2的外壳蛋白(coat prote in,CP)基因进行了克隆和序列测定。该CP基因全长657个碱基,编码218个氨基酸。其核苷酸序列和推导的氨基酸序列与亚组I代表株系Fny的同源性分别为94.5%和98.1%,与亚组II代表株系Q的同源性分别为77.7%和82.5%。对包括该分离物在内的20个CP序列与地域之间的关系进行了分析,结果表明CMV不同分离物的亚组类型与地域无明显关系。     

苏州太湖流域2种针阔混交林林分空间结构特征比较

选取太湖流域2种具有代表性的针阔混交林,应用传统林分结构因子配合混交度、角尺度、大小比数和开敞度4个参数进行比较,分析冬青湿地松混交林和栎树湿地松混交林的林分基本特征、空间结构和演替趋势。结果表明,冬青湿地松林的物种丰富度相对较高;对空间结构各参数进行比较,冬青湿地松林空间结构优于栎树湿地松林,林分处于相对稳定状态。其中在冬青湿地松林中,山矾、冬青可能会发展成为优势树种;在栎树混交林中,麻栎和栓皮栎的生长空间受限制,演替过程中优势度会有所下降,短柄粃和构树可能成为优势种。     

Dietary Echinacea purpurea administration enhanced egg laying performance,serum lipid profile,antioxidant status and semen quality in duck breeders during summer season

This work investigated the outcomes of dietary administration of Echinacea purpurea (EP) powder to breeder ducks on productive and reproductive performance during summer season. Sudani ducks (320 birds) of 32-weeks-old (240 females and 80 males) were randomly allocated into four collections (body weight; 1850 ± 15.2 g for females and 2960.0 ± 40.5 g for males). The primary collection consumed the basal diet without supplementation and was deliberated as control. The other three collections were fed the basal diet supplemented with 2.5, 5.00 and 7.5 g EP/kg diet, correspondingly. Egg number and mass, laying rate, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly changed by dietary EP levels. Drakes fed EP-supplemented diets had higher ejaculate volume, sperms concentration and live sperms (%) as well as lower dead sperms (%) than the control group. Eggs laid by ducks fed diet supplemented with 2.5 g/kg had the greatest fertility and hatchability percentages, followed by those fed 5.0 g EP/kg. Ducks fed different EP diets had higher values of haemoglobin, RBCs, WBCs and lymphocytes, lower values of heterophils percentage and lower H/L ratio than the control. All serum constituents were significantly changed by dietary EP supplementation, except of total protein and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme. Conclusively, dietary EP supplementation at 2.5 g/kg had beneficial effects on productive and reproductive performance as well as lipid profile and antioxidant status and economically valued in breeder ducks under summer conditions.     

~7Li离子束诱变紫松果菊的生物效应研究初报

对紫松果菊的风干种子进行不同剂量的7Li离子束注入和γ射线照射处理 ,结果表明 ,与γ射线照射相比 ,7Li离子束注入处理具有损伤效应轻的特点。二者虽然在一定剂量范围都能够促进种子萌发 ,但对种子成苗的影响依诱变源和剂量不同而有所不同。7Li 1 0 9ions cm2 处理对幼苗形成有明显促进作用 ,随着7Li离子束剂量升高 ,幼苗生长受到一定程度的抑制 ,真叶的生长发育迟缓 ,成苗率明显下降。γ射线处理的种子成苗受到显著抑制 ,处理剂量越高 ,成苗率越低 ;当剂量高于 1 5 0Gy时 ,一般不能萌发真叶而导致幼苗死亡。在7Li离子束处理的M1代植株中出现花期、花径、花色、瓣形或瓣数的变异类型 ,变异主要发生在 1 0 11ions cm2 和 1 0 12ions cm2 两个剂量处理中 ,总体变异频率在 1 67%～ 6 67%之间。     

灰毛豆叶片甲醇提取物中黄酮类物质的研究(英文)

[目的]研究灰毛豆叶片甲醇提取物中黄酮类化合物,并测试它们对斜纹夜蛾卵巢细胞(SL细胞)的细胞毒性。[方法]对甲醇提取物的分离采用了多种色谱技术分离纯化,并结合各种光谱分析(包括UV,1D,2D NMR分析以及HR-ESR-MS)进行结构鉴定。细胞毒性的测试采用的是MTT法。[结果]从灰毛豆叶片甲醇提取物中分离得到6个黄酮类化合物:6-methoxykaempferol(1),6-methoxykaempferol7-O-α-rhamnopyranoside(2),6-methoxykaempferol3-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)[α-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)]-β-galactopyranoside(3),6-methoxykaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)[α-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)]-β-galactopyranoside-7-O-α-rhamnopyranoside(4),pongachin(5),5,7-dimethoxy-8-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1Z-enyl)flavanone(6)。除了化合物5之外其余化合物均为首次从灰毛豆中分离得到。细胞毒性测试发现pongachin(5)具有明显的细胞毒性,其IC50为4.4 mg/L,化合物1,3和5的细胞毒性均大于阳性对照鱼藤酮。[结论]灰毛豆叶片中6-methoxykaempferol类化合物(1-4)含量相对较大,化合物1,3和5在对SL细胞的活性实验中细胞毒性均大于阳性对照鱼藤酮,值得进一步研究。     

紫菜薹快速碱化因子基因BcMF14p的序列与表达分析

快速碱化因子是近年来新发现的一种植物多肽类信号分子。根据已知的普通白菜两用系中可育株系特异表达的快速碱化因子基因BcMF14序列,在其编码框两侧设计引物,从紫菜薹中克隆出该类信号分子基因,命名为BcMF14p(登陆号:EF523517),全长273 bp,不含内含子,编码框包含222个核苷酸,编码73个氨基酸。NCBI在线同源比对结果表明该基因属于快速碱化因子家族,与花椰菜、拟南芥等的快速碱化因子核苷酸序列相似性达到86%以上。对该信号分子的表达进行RT-PCR分析,结果显示BcMF14p只在紫菜薹花蕾、花、角果等生殖器管中表达,在茎、叶等营养器官中不表达,说明BcMF14p可能参与紫菜薹生殖发育过程中的信号传导。     

6种药剂对羊蹄甲蚜虫防治的药效研究

采用喷雾法测定了 5 种杀虫剂对棉蚜（Aphis gossypii）的室内毒力,比较了 6 种杀虫剂对苗圃 中羊蹄甲（Bauhinia purpurea）袋苗上棉蚜的防治效果,同时分析了药剂对羊蹄甲生长指标的影响。结果显 示： 0.25% 吡蚜酮对防治棉蚜效果最好, LC50 仅为 2.296 mg/L, 25% 噻虫嗪效果最差, LC50 为 41.396 mg/L。 6 种杀虫剂对苗圃袋苗上棉蚜的防治效果差异显著。施药处理 7 d 后, 2.5% 高效氯氟氰菊酯、 0.25% 吡蚜 酮和 1.2% 烟碱 · 苦参碱的防治效果最好,防治效果分别为 94.58%、 94.09% 和 89.16%。同时施用过高效氯 氟氰菊酯后的羊蹄甲袋苗在苗高、地径、地上部分鲜质量和地上部分干质量 4 个生长指标上均显著高于未 处理的袋苗。因此 2.5% 高效氯氟氰菊酯和 0.25% 吡蚜酮对防治羊蹄甲苗期棉蚜有较好的速效性和持效性, 同时 1.2% 烟碱 · 苦参碱也具有较高的防治效果,可以作为替代药剂穿插施用,以降低害虫抗药性风险。