Binding Capacity for Aflatoxin B1 by Different Adsorbents

In this article, in vitro adsorption of aflatoxin B1 （AFB1） onto different adsorbents was characterized and the result was verified by comparing the growth performance and serum protein levels of broilers exposed to aflatoxin-contamination feed. Main components of adsorbents selected were yeast cell extracts （Product A）, HSCAS （Product B）, and a mixture of yeast product and HSCAS （Product C）, respectively. A total of 240 broilers were assigned to eight treatments, and the effects of three types of adsorbents on growth performance and serum protein levels were evaluated. Results indicated that Product B had the highest in vitro affinity for AFB1, followed by Product C and Product A. Product B bound 97.69% of the AFB1 in solution in 10 min, and it remained over 96.03% in 60 min at pH 8.0. The B-AFB1 complex was much stronger than the other two complexes in vitro condition （P 〈 0.05）. Feed intake （FI） and average daily gain （ADG） decreased （P 〈 0.05） and feed gain ratio increased （P 〈0.05） in the treatment fed aflatoxin-contaminated feed versus treatment on the basal feed. Serum total protein （TP）, albumin （ALB）, and globulin （GLOB） levels were significantly decreased （P〈0.05）. Product B （0.15%） increased growth performance and improved serum protein levels, Product A and Product C were not as effective as Product B. Three adsorbents tested here had sufficient potential to AFBt in some extents and Product B could bind AFB1 more effectively than Product A and Product C. These results indicated that Product B could alleviate some of the AFBt toxic effect in broilers.     

野生天全凤仙叶片光合特性探析

[目地]揭示野生天全凤仙光合作用的基本生理生态学特征和规律,分析其生长的适宜生态条件,为其园林应用提供理论指导。[方法]采用Li-6400便携式光合仪测定野生天全凤仙叶片的有关光合参数,研究了光合作用日变化的特征、影响因子与光合特性之间的关系,以及光补偿点与光饱和点。[结果]野生天全凤仙光合速率日变化呈单峰型,最大光合速率为10.99μmol/（m^2·s）。光合速率与气孔导度之间呈正相关,与胞间CO2浓度呈负相关。叶片光补偿点为13μmol/（m^2·s）,光饱和点为500μmol/（m^2·s）,表观量子效率为0.0549。[结论]野生天全凤仙的光合特性表明其为典型的耐阴植物。     

《园艺学报》退稿原因分析

为了使作者及读者对《园艺学报》稿件选退情况有所了解,对1991～1995年《园艺学报》来稿刊用和退稿情况作了统计,结合审稿专家意见和编辑工作实际情况,对退稿原因进行了分析,分别就编辑部初审、编委和同行专家评审及主编终审等不同环节退稿作了论述,并为作者投稿提出了一些建议。     

The Effect of Vineyard Cover Crop on Main Monomeric Phenols of Grape Berry and Wine in Vitis viniferal L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon

This study was conducted to determine the effect of cover crop inter-row in vineyard on main mono-phenol content of grape berry and wine. Three such cover crops, two perennial legumes （white clover and alfalfa） and a perennial gramineous grass （tall fescue） were sown in vineyard. The main phenolic compounds of mature grape berry and wines vinified under the same conditions were extracted with ethyl acetate and diethyl ether and analyzed by high- performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） by comparing to soil tillage. A total of ten phenolic compounds were identified and quantified in the different grape berry and wines, including nonflavonoids （hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids） and flavonoids （flavanols and flavonols）. The concentration of flavonoid compounds （409.43 to 538.63 mg kg^-1 and 56.16 to 81.30 mg L^-1） was higher than nonflavonoids （76.91 to 98.85 mg kg^-1 and 30.65 to 41.22 mg L^-1） for Cabernet Sauvignon grape and wine under different treatments, respectively. In the flavonoid phenolics, Catechin was the most abundant in the different grapes and wines, accounting for 74.94 to 79.70% and 48.60 to 50.62% of total nonanthocyanin phenolics quantified, respectively. Compared to soil tillage, the sward treatments showed a higher content of main mono-phenol and total nonanthocyanin phenolics in grapes and wines. There were significant differences between two cover crop treatments （tall fescue and white clover） and soil tillage for the content of benzoic acid, salicylic acid, caffeic acid, catechin, and total phenolics in the grape berry （P 〈 0.05 or P〈0.01）. The wine from tall fescue cover crop had the highest gallic acid, caffeic acid and catechin. Cover crop system increased the total nonanthocyanin phenolics of grapes and wines in order of the four treatments： tall fescue, white clover, alfalfa, and soil tillage （control）. Cover crop in vineyard increased total phenols of grape berry and wine, and thus improved the quality of wine evidently.     

《棉花学报》1985～1997年引文分析

在对《棉花学报》１９８５～１９９７年论著引用文献情况进行统计的基础上,探讨了引文数量、引文类型、引文年代、引文语种等六个方面的特点与规律,旨在为棉花科技工作者利用文献提供参考依据。     

《华北农学报》2001-2004年载文与引文分析

为了评价《华北农学报》的学术水平和载文质量。选取《华北农学报》200l－2004年刊发的480篇论文为统计样本，对其载文信息、引文及作者情况进行了统计分析。结果表明，4年间共发文480篇，其中基金论文为338篇，基金率为70．25％；4年发文的引文总量是3938篇，篇均引文8．2篇；引文语种外文占总引文量的34．56％；引文类型是学术论文，占81．19％。由此提出学报应改进的方面。     

《作物学报》2003年被引情况分析

为了解《作物学报》被引情况，分析了2003年《作物学报》在“中国学术期刊综合评价数据库”中的被引文献。结果如下：（1）将被引3次以上的论文确定为重要论文，共计205篇。（2）明确了重要论文的地区分布和机构类型分布。（3）明确了重要论文的选题和作物分布。（4）找到了2个学科热点和6个受到关注的主题。（5）认为被引4次以上的作者为核心作者，共78住。（6）《作物学报》的“被引高峰年”出现在引用统计年至前溯大约10年之间。（7）分析了2003年引用《作物学报》的235种期刊的学科分布。（8）引用《作物学报》6次以上的14篇文章中有8篇为综述类文章。（9）将《作物学报》引用者的单位划分为核心层、扩展层和外围层，提出对核心层应做好各种服务，进一步提升期刊的形象，对扩展层应加大宣传力度，吸引优秀稿件。     

《草地学报》性质及学科分类

根据期刊性质和学科分类方法,以文献数量为依据对《草地学报》进行分类。结果发现,该刊2009年刊登的论文全属学术性,畜牧、动物医学、蚕、蜂和野生动物保护类文献129篇,占当年发表文献总量的70．88％,其余学科文献均较少,不能划入相应学科。因此应将该刊归类为富牧、动物医学、蚕、蜂和野生动物保护类专业学术期刊。     

《食用菌学报》性质及学科分类

根据期刊性质和学科分类方法,以文献数量对《食用菌学报》进行分类,为完善期刊分类方法提供借鉴。研究表明,《食用菌学报》2009年的论文全部为研究性文献,园艺类论文达到总文献量的71．43％,其余学科文献数量较少,未能形成足够的影响力,因此将其划分到园艺类学术性期刊。     

《昆虫学报》性质及学科分类

根据期刊性质和学科分类方法,以文献数量为依据对《昆虫学报》进行分类。结果发现,《昆虫学报》2009年刊登的论文全部为学术性,其中植物保护类文献达到总文献量的49．28％,生物学类文献占43．06％,其余学科文献均较少,不能划入相应学科,因此应将该刊同时归类到植物保护类与生物学类专业学术期刊。