优质红心甘薯新品种“泉薯10号”种植表现及高产栽培技术

总结了红心甘薯新品种"泉薯10号"高产栽培技术,包括培育壮苗、适时早插、精细整地、合理密植、水肥管理、病虫害防治及适时收获。     

早熟高产优质小花生新品种冀花10号的选育

冀花10号系河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所以冀9102为母本、87-77为父本,通过人工杂交和改良系谱法选育而成的早熟、高产、油用型小果花生新品种。该品种具有早熟、高产、优质、抗病和适应性强等特性。在河北省区域试验中,平均荚果产量为4128.00 kg/hm2,较对照鲁花12号增产20.71%;在河北省生产试验中,平均荚果产量为3694.20 kg/hm2,较对照鲁花12号增产22.60%。该品种籽仁脂肪含量为56.82%。2012年通过河北省科学技术厅组织的新品种审定。     

野猪CAPN10基因的生物信息学分析

为了研究CAPN10基因的性质和功能,使用NCBI等网站提供的一系列在线工具和软件,对其基因序列及其编码蛋白的结构和特性进行生物信息学分析。结果表明,野猪CAPN10基因CDS全长2 004 bp,编码667个氨基酸,同源性比对发现CAPN10保守性较低,对选择编码氨基酸的密码子具有偏好性;进一步的蛋白特性分析表明,野猪CAPN10是一种等电点为8.24的不稳定水溶性蛋白,无信号肽序列和跨膜结构,具有磷酸化等功能化位点及钙蛋白酶类催化基序结构。     

基于TM数据的MODIS雪盖产品精度分析

采用玛纳斯河流域2003年1月1日EOS/MODIS八日合成的雪盖数据和2003年1月4日TM雪盖图进行对比分析,通过TM数据的验证,MOD10A2的精度为95%,精度较高,MOD10A2对积雪进行监测可有效降低云层对遥感影像的影响,在一段时间内可有效对地面实施监测。     

甲基茉莉酸和草酸诱导油菜BN10基因的表达

利用实时荧光定量PCR方法,观察油菜BN10基因在根、茎、叶中的表达差异,并分析甲基茉莉酸(MeJA)和草酸(OA)对该基因的诱导表达的动态变化。结果表明:BN10基因在油菜根、茎、叶中均能表达,其中在根中的表达量最高,茎中的表达量次之,在叶中的表达量最低,且在抗病毒品种苏油1号中的表达量高于感病品种中双9号;BN10的表达受MeJA和OA的诱导影响。MeJA诱导处理感病品种中双9号叶片后,BN10基因表达先升后降,在24h时表达量最高,为诱导前的2.58倍,之后有所下降,但诱导后的表达量始终高于诱导前,72h时的表达量仍为诱导前的1.13倍;OA诱导处理中双9号后,BN10表达量也是先增加后降低,在12h时达到最大值,为诱导前的2.5倍,72h时下降至最低,仅为诱导前的25%。MeJA诱导处理抗病品种苏油1号后,BN10的表达趋势与中双9号相似,但各时间点的表达量均高于中双9号;OA诱导处理苏油1号后,对BN10的诱导更强烈,表达量在6h时即达到峰值,为诱导处理前的3.05倍,之后逐渐下降。     

Wnt10b参与外源褪黑激素促进绒山羊绒毛生长的研究

本实验旨在研究Wnt10b在内蒙古成年绒山羊皮肤中的表达变化规律和褪黑激素(MT)对其表达量的影响。每隔1个月按照2 mg/kg BW的剂量在受试内蒙古成年绒山羊耳后皮下埋植MT。连续采集12个月(从2009年8月到2010年7月)的肩胛部皮肤样品,应用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测Wnt10b的表达量。结果表明:Wnt10b在内蒙古成年绒山羊皮肤组织中毛囊生长中期和休止前期高表达;埋植MT提高了Wnt10b在内蒙古成年绒山羊皮肤组织中毛囊休止期和退行期的表达量。结果提示,Wnt10b参与内蒙古绒山羊毛囊生长的信号传递过程,并在退行期和休止期转变过程中发挥作用;Wnt10b参与了外源MT促绒毛生长的毛囊周期性变化过程。     

Stem respiration is influenced by pruning and girdling in Pinus sylvestris

Abstract

Stem respiration was measured in the growing season (June to July) and in the dormant season (October) to detect cambial activity induced by pruning live branches or girdling stems in Scots pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing in northern Sweden. Immediately after the treatments, the treatment:control ratio of stem respiration increased to between 1.38 and 1.44 in the pruning treatment and between 1.17 and 1.20 in the girdling treatment. The treatment:control ratio of stem respiration then decreased by the end of July, to 0.65 in the pruning treatment and 0.55 in the girdling treatment. In October, the treatment:control ratios were higher: between 0.87 and 0.97 in the pruning treatment and between 0.85 and 0.97 in the girdling treatment. In both pruning and girdling treatments, the time trends of stem respiration rates largely followed those of stem temperatures: the stem respiration rate increased exponentially with an increase in stem temperature. The Q ₁₀ values were 2.83–4.05 and 2.57–2.89 in the pruning treatment and control, and 2.10–2.60 and 1.99–3.19 in the girdling treatment and control, respectively. In most cases, the values of Q ₁₀ in both treatments did not differ significantly from those in the controls.     

Iridoid, phenylethanoid and flavonoid glycosides from Sideritis trojana

From the MeOH extract of Sideritis trojana, a new iridoid glycoside, 10-O-(E)-feruloylmelittoside (1) was obtained in addition to four known iridoid glycosides [melittoside (2), 10-O-(E)-p-coumaroylmelittoside (3), stachysosides E (4) and G (5)]. Moreover, five phenylethanoid glycosides [verbascoside (6), isoacteoside (7), lamalboside (8), leonoside A (9), isolavandulifolioside (10), three flavone glycosides (isoscutellarein 7-O-[6'-O-acetyl-β-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-glucopyranoside (11), 4'-O-methyisoscutellarein 7-O-[6'-O-acetyl-β-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-glucopyranoside (12), 3'-hydroxy-4'-O-methyisoscutellarein 7-O-[6'-O-acetyl-β-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-glucopyranoside (13) and a benzylalcohol derivative (di-O-methylcrenatin) were obtained and identified. The structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR and HRMS data. All compounds were tested for their antioxidant activity by in vitro TEAC assay and some of them exhibited moderate activity (0.97-1.44 mM) when compared with the reference compound (quercetin 1.86 mM). Glycosides 6-13, the most active compounds in the TEAC assay, were also tested by flow cytometry to evaluate their ability to affect the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human prostate cancer cells (PC3).     

黑莓RuMYB10基因的克隆和表达

【目的】从黑莓中克隆RuMYB10的编码区全长序列,并分析其在黑莓果实发育过程中的表达情况与果实花青素苷积累的关系。【方法】以黑莓基因组DNA为模板,通过同源克隆和SON-PCR技术获得了RuMYB10基因全长编码序列(Accession No.:JQ359611);并以黑莓果实mRNA为模板进行验证。采用实时定量PCR技术检测该基因在果实不同发育阶段的表达水平。【结果】结果表明,该基因编码区全长共1 837 bp,编码216个氨基酸,推导蛋白分子质量为24 863 Da。具有MYB转录因子家族特有的R2R3保守序列。含有两个内含子,第2个内含子长度为750 bp,占全长40.8%;在R3重复单元中存在与bHLH因子互作的‘[DE]Lx2[RK]x3Lx6Lx3R’序列;而促进花青素苷合成的MYB转录因子3个特征氨基酸残基中的丙氨酸(A)被丝氨酸(S)取代。RuMYB10基因在黑莓果实发育后期,即果实变红到最后变黑的过程中大量表达,与花青素苷的积累相一致。【结论】从黑莓中克隆到包含完整ORF的转录因子基因RuMYB10,具有MYB因子家族结构特征和bHLH因子结合域,且在果实花青素苷积累高峰期表达量最高。     

Marine Antitumor Peptide Dolastatin 10: Biological Activity,Structural Modification and Synthetic Chemistry

Dolastatin 10 (Dol-10), a leading marine pentapeptide isolated from the Indian Ocean mollusk Dolabella auricularia, contains three unique amino acid residues. Dol-10 can effectively induce apoptosis of lung cancer cells and other tumor cells at nanomolar concentration, and it has been developed into commercial drugs for treating some specific lymphomas, so it has received wide attention in recent years. In vitro experiments showed that Dol-10 and its derivatives were highly lethal to common tumor cells, such as L1210 leukemia cells (IC₅₀ = 0.03 nM), small cell lung cancer NCI-H69 cells (IC₅₀ = 0.059 nM), and human prostate cancer DU-145 cells (IC₅₀ = 0.5 nM), etc. With the rise of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), milestone progress was made in clinical research based on Dol-10. A variety of ADCs constructed by combining MMAE or MMAF (Dol-10 derivatives) with a specific antibody not only ensured the antitumor activity of the drugs themself but also improved their tumor targeting and reduced the systemic toxicity. They are currently undergoing clinical trials or have been approved for marketing, such as Adcetris^®, which had been approved for the treatment of anaplastic large T-cell systemic malignant lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma. Dol-10, as one of the most medically valuable natural compounds discovered up to now, has brought unprecedented hope for tumor treatment. It is particularly noteworthy that, by modifying the chemical structure of Dol-10 and combining with the application of ADCs technology, Dol-10 as a new drug candidate still has great potential for development. In this review, the biological activity and chemical work of Dol-10 in the advance of antitumor drugs in the last 35 years will be summarized, which will provide the support for pharmaceutical researchers interested in leading exploration of antitumor marine peptides.