Tunnel grafting for wound repair in horses: a novel technique in graft production and placement

There are several skin grafting methods described in the human and animal literature. Currently, there are five types of free grafts used in horses: pinch and punch grafts, split and full-thickness sheet or mesh grafts and tunnel grafts. Published methods of tunnel grafting describe the use of alligator forceps. The alligator forceps create a poor tunnel and are excessively traumatic to the granulation bed. This technique utilised a 13G Jamshidi needle that was placed across the granulation bed and created a uniform tunnel. The Jamshidi needle was atraumatic to the granulation bed increasing the opportunity for graft survival. A twin bladed scalpel allowed for the quick creation of uniform width grafts. Removal of the overlying tunnel ‘roof’ took place 5–14 days later to allow graft expansion. This case series included five horses with distal limb wounds and one with a wither injury. Four horses required general anaesthesia for graft placement and three required general anaesthesia for the removal of the tunnel roof. The acceptance of the grafts varied from 70% to 100%. Graft expansion to cover the granulation tissue took 2–5 months. This case series demonstrates that this technique of graft production and placement is an easy method for achieving successful skin grafting. Compared to other graft types, tunnel grafts are more readily accepted. Cosmetic and functional results achieved are better than those with pinch and punch grafts. Tunnel grafting does not require expensive equipment or advanced training, and in some cases can be performed under standing sedation.     

黄瓜香对外伤感染的疗效试验

通过对22例牛、羊、狗的51个外伤感染创口。用黄瓜香与青霉素及磺胺粉的对比疗效试验,证明黄瓜香对外伤感染,具有抗菌消炎,托毒排脓,促进肉芽生长,加速创伤愈合的作用,疗效大多优于磺胺粉,有的与青霉素类似。     

Assessing potato cultivars in Tunisia for susceptibility to leak caused byPythium aphanidermatum

Summary The susceptibility of 21 potato cultivars to leak (watery wound rot) caused byPythium aphanidermatum was compared. Whole tubers were inoculated after wounding by dipping into a water suspension of 10³ oospores/ml and incubated for 3 days at 25°C. The mean penetration of tissue calculated from the recording of lesion width and depth and the qualitative assessment of rot extension were highly correlated. For 10 of 12 cultivars tested at least twice, consistent reactions were obtained: cvs Korrigane. Superstar, Safrane and Yesmina were moderately susceptible, whereas Atlas, Diamant, Mondial, Obélix, Spunta and Timate were susceptible to highly susceptible. Tubers originated from two locations and/or two cropping seasons: thus, the performance of these cultivars under different production conditions reveals a satisfactory level of agreement with the test. Moreover, ratings assigned are supported by field or store observations.     

儿茶素对dGMP羟基加合物的电子转移修复效应

用脉冲辐解动态研究技术，分析了由绿茶中提取的儿茶素对氧化型ｄＧＭＰ羟基加合物的电子转移修复效应。结果表明，ｄＧＭＰ中性Ｎ２Ｏ饱和水溶液在儿茶素存在下脉冲辐解后３１０ｍｍｄＧＭＰ－ＯＨ生长明显减慢，儿茶素酚氧自由基逐渐形成，儿茶素对ｄＧＭＰ－ＯＨ的修复速率常数依次是：ＥＧＣＧ为７．２×１０８ｄｍ３ｍｏｌ－１ｓ－１，ＥＧＣ为４．７×１０８ｄｍ３ｍｏｌ－１ｓ－１，ＥＣＧ为５．６×１０８ｄｍ３ｍｏｌ－１ｓ－１，ＥＣ为２．９×１０８ｄｍ３ｍｏｌ－１ｓ－１。     

Topical formulations of water-soluble chitin as a wound healing assistant

Water-soluble chitin (WSC) was prepared by carefully deacetylating chitins to about 50% of N-acetyl content. Topical formulations based on WSC were prepared and their effects on wound healing were evaluated on a rabbit ear model. Full-thickness, open skin wounds were made on the ears of rabbits and WSC ointments were embedded in the open wounds. The application of WSC ointments significantly accelerated wound healing and wound contraction. The areas of epithelialization and granulation tissues in WSC ointment group are remarkably larger than those in control group (no treatment) and in placebo group (treated with ointment-base materials). A large number of grown granulation tissues including dense fibroblast deposition were observed under the thickened epithelium of the wound treated with WSC ointments. The number of inflammatory cells in WSC ointment group was significantly decreased compared with those in control and placebo groups, indicating that WSC would give low stimuli to wounds and prevent excessive scar formation. Neovascularization was the most prominent in WSC ointment group. Wound contraction in WSC ointment group was much larger than those in control and placebo groups. Overall results demonstrate that the topical formulation based on WSC is considered to become an excellent dressing as a wound healing assistant.     

巴西橡胶树乳管生物学与胶乳生产

论述了3个限制天然橡胶生产的关键因素,即割胶后排胶持续的时间、两次割胶之间胶乳的再生和乳管从维管形成层的产生。同时说明,对橡胶树自身来说,乳管可能是与机械损伤相联系的一种保护组织,而乳管的形成和功能,能够被包括乙烯和茉莉酸在内的伤害信号高度地调节。     

干喷钢砂在电弧喷涂修复曲轴中的应用

表面粗化在电弧喷涂中具有重要作用,涂层质量很大程度上取决于表面粗化预处理的效果。应用正交试验法对干喷钢砂工艺参数对喷砂效果和结合强度的影响进行了试验研究,确定了优化的干喷钢砂电喷涂工艺规范。粗糙度测试结果表明,采用优化的工艺规范处理表面,粗化质量符合国家标准要求。发动机台架试验结果表明,优化干喷钢砂电喷涂工艺规范用于修复曲轴是可行的。     

Marine Collagen: A Promising Biomaterial for Wound Healing,Skin Anti-Aging,and Bone Regeneration

Marine organisms harbor numerous bioactive substances that can be utilized in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Scientific research on various applications of collagen extracted from these organisms has become increasingly prevalent. Marine collagen can be used as a biomaterial because it is water soluble, metabolically compatible, and highly accessible. Upon review of the literature, it is evident that marine collagen is a versatile compound capable of healing skin injuries of varying severity, as well as delaying the natural human aging process. From in vitro to in vivo experiments, collagen has demonstrated its ability to invoke keratinocyte and fibroblast migration as well as vascularization of the skin. Additionally, marine collagen and derivatives have proven beneficial and useful for both osteoporosis and osteoarthritis prevention and treatment. Other bone-related diseases may also be targeted by collagen, as it is capable of increasing bone mineral density, mineral deposition, and importantly, osteoblast maturation and proliferation. In this review, we demonstrate the advantages of marine collagen over land animal sources and the biomedical applications of marine collagen related to bone and skin damage. Finally, some limitations of marine collagen are briefly discussed.     

调亏灌溉下滴灌玉米根冠生长与水分动态响应特征

以玉米为试验材料,在自动感应式遮雨棚下,采用测坑微区试验方法,研究黑龙江西部滴灌条件下调亏灌溉对作物根冠生长、干物质分配特征、根冠比、耗水特征及植株伤流量的影响。以土壤相对含水率(占田间持水率的百分数)为控制上下限,设置5个水分调亏处理,分别为苗期轻度(60%~70%FC)处理,苗期中度(50%~60%FC)处理,拔节期轻度(60%~70%FC)处理,拔节期中度(50%~60%FC)处理,苗期中度、拔节期轻度处理,另设全生育期保持适宜土壤水分(70%~80%FC)作为对照。试验结果表明,调亏灌溉不改变玉米根部和冠部生长的原有总趋势,也不改变冠部各器官生长的基本趋势,但是显著地增大了作物根冠比(R/S),复水后根、冠补偿生长效应明显,促进光合同化产物向生殖器官的运转与分配,增大了生育后期干物质向果穗的分配率。苗期中度处理和拔节期轻度处理的玉米,在调亏期间使根系维持较高的根质量,水分胁迫复水后根系活力明显提高,其伤流量表现出超补偿效应,在灌浆期仍保持较高的伤流量并且在生育后期仍保持有较高的根冠比(R/S),是协调玉米根冠生长关系的适宜水分调亏处理。