GIS在城市污染信息系统中的应用

随着社会经济的迅速发展,城市的环境污染日趋严重,迫切需要实时、准确、大范围、可靠地获取环境参数的现状和动态变化数据。为此,提出了以GIS为主要软件,开发平台建立城市污染信息系统,并确立了系统的结构与功能、系统的数据库、系统的应用等。城市污染信息系统将为城市环境的管理提供高效、科学的信息支持,从而提高管理水平。     

用鱼肌核酸指示水体污染的初步研究

选择了4种家鱼作指示生物，用紫外分光光度法测定其白肌中RNA和DNA的含量。结果表明：同种鱼，污染区的RNA含量显著低于对照区，白鲢和鳊鱼白肌中RNA／DNA低于对照区；不同种的鱼，污染区鱼肌核酸比对照区下降的程度有鳊鱼＞白鲢＞鲫鱼和鲤鱼的趋势。鱼肌核酸下降同水体重金属污染有一定联系，RNA是比RNA／DNA更合适的指标，鳊鱼和白鲢是比鲫鱼和鲤鱼更敏感的指示生物。     

铜对西洋菜生长影响的研究

为了研究西洋菜是否可以应用于有重金属铜污染的富营养化地表水体的治理和生态修复中，以不同浓度的铜处理3d的西洋菜为实验材料，研究了在短期的培养条件下铜对西洋菜生长的影响。主要测定了抗氧化系统的几种酶，包括POD、CAT、SOD的活性以及可溶性蛋白、叶绿体色素含量的变化。研究表明，浓度为0.05mg·L^-1左右的Cu^2＋对西洋菜的生长有一定的促进作用，此时西洋菜利用光能等的能力均有一定的提高;浓度为0.5～5mg·L^-1的Cu^2＋对西洋菜的生长造成一定的环境胁迫，此时西洋菜保护酶活性明显提高;浓度大于5mg·L^-1的Cu^2＋对西洋菜造成严重的过氧化损伤，此时保护酶的调节能力降低。西洋菜对铜的耐受能力不高，只适合应用于铜浓度极低的富营养化水体的治理和生态修复。     

太湖流域殷村港沉积物中营养元素及重金属污染特征研究

2012年8月沿殷村港共采集17个样点表层沉积物样品,分析了其中的营养元素及重金属含量。结果表明:殷村港沉积物中TN、TP和TOC含量均值分别为2.11、1.56、27.75 g·kg^-1,沉积物中TOC与TN环境行为近似,说明TN的沉积与有机物的沉积相伴随;C/N及营养元素评价表明殷村港外源污染输入显著,有机氮污染严重;地累积指数评价显示殷村港Cu污染水平处于"中-强"污染等级,其次是Pb及Zn处于中度污染,Cr及Ni基本属于无污染状态。     

温度对微小花蝽实验种群增长的影响

实验室饲养观察结果表明，在15－35℃温度范围内，随温度升高，微小花蝽的发育速率加快，成虫寿命缩短，在25℃下的世代存活率最高。根据实验数据计算出该虫的卵期发育起点温度为13．6℃，有效积温为1＝55．15日．度；若虫期发育起点温度为8．0℃，有效积温为270．1日．度。组建了25℃和30℃两种温度下的该虫的实验种群生命表。     

基于多层C／S结构的医疗管理系统的开发与应用

随着经济的快速发展，环境污染越来越严重。排污权作为一项权利提出以后，其法律性质及法域归属问题争议颇多，有学者认为排污权是以环境容量为客体的用益物权，归属物权法域。从排污权的特殊性和现有立法规定看，排污权是以环境资源为客体的一种环境权，归属于环境法域。     

彭州市丹景山镇典型农作物输出系数研究

农业非点源污染具有随机性大、分布范围广、危害性大等特点,已成为重要的环境污染方式。根据现场实测,分析了四川省彭州市丹景山镇不同作物田的总氮、总磷输出系数,探讨了不同作物及不同典型水文年输出系数形成差异的原因,完善了输出系数模型,为控制丹景山镇农业氮素、磷素的输出提供建议。     

Main stem movement of Atlantic salmon parr in response to high river temperature

Atlantic salmon become thermally stressed when water temperatures exceed 23 °C. To alleviate this stress, they behaviourally thermoregulate by moving to patches of cold water, often forming large aggregations. These patches are known as thermal refuges. Given the consensus that climate change will increase temperatures in Atlantic salmon catchments, thermal refuges will become increasingly important in minimising summer mortalities. While the behaviour of salmonids within thermal refuges is fairly well understood, less is known about their main stem movement in search of thermal refuges or its thermal and temporal cues. We detail the results of a PIT telemetry study to investigate the main stem movement behaviour of thermally stressed Atlantic salmon parr in a temperature‐impacted river. PIT antennas placed around two thermal refuges and at the upstream and downstream limits of their surrounding reach were used to record the movement of salmonids during a heatwave. We observed parr movement at the upstream and downstream antennas 135 min prior to the occurrence of the midpoint of aggregations in the thermal refuges, indicating that Atlantic salmon parr make reach‐scale movements in search of cool water prior to aggregating. Logistic regression showed that the number of degree hours >28 °C predicted the occurrence of main stem movement with a good degree of accuracy, indicating that this temperature represents a fundamental threshold causing Atlantic salmon parr to move towards cool water. Such data could be instrumental in allowing river managers to place limits on human activity within rivers, allowing salmon populations time to recover following heat stress events.     

Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Gene Involved in Fatty Acid Synthesis in Brassica napus L.

Based on the sequence of a novel expressed sequence tag (EST), the full-length cDNA of 1 017 nucleotides was cloned from Brassica napus cv. Xiangyou 15 through rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The gene was designated as Bnhol34 (HQ585980), encoding a protein of 338 amino acids. BLAST analysis showed no high degree of sequence identity to any known gene. The calculated molecular weight of the Bnhol34 protein was 36.23 kDa, and the theoretical isoelectric point was 8.74. The Bnhol34 was also cloned from a high oleic acid mutant 854-1 through homologous cloning. There was no difference between the two Bnhol34 genes. Bnhol34 was localized in a tissue-specific manner in B. napus, and its expression level was about eight-fold greater in Xiangyou 15 seeds than in 854-1. The promoter region sequences of Bnhol34 were then isolated from Xiangyou 15 and 854-1, and a 93-bp deletion was found to occur in the Bnhol34 promoter region of 854-1. Three abscisic acid-responsive cis-elements (ABRE) were identified in the promoter region of Xiangyou 15. Real-time PCR analyses revealed that exogenous abscisic acid increased Bnhol34 expression by about four-fold in Xiangyou 15 seeds, yet did not change Bnhol34 expression in 854-1. It appeared that Bnhol34 might be abscisic acid insensitive in 854-1.