湘中丘陵区石栎混交林群落物种多样性研究

通过对湘中丘陵区石栎（Ｌｉｔｈｏｃａｒｐｕｓｇｌａｂｅｒ（Ｔｈｕｎｂ．）Ｎａｋａｉ）混交林群落调查．利用Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ和Ｓｉｍｐｓｏｎ多样性指数及相应的均匀度和种间相遇机率．对其群落物种的多样性进行了初步研究．结果表明：湘中丘陵区石栎混交林群落乔木层与下木层的Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ多样性指数分别为１．１８４和３．１９７；Ｓｉｍｐｓｏｎ多样性指数分别为０．６２４和０．８１４；种间相遇机率分别为０．６２５和０．８１４；均匀度分别为４５．８０％和６３．９４％．乔木层第Ⅰ亚层多样性指数低于第Ⅱ亚层；群落的物种多样性是时间和空间的函数．     

混交林的多样性及其光肩星天牛的抗性研究

应用DTV技术和理论 ,采用丰富度指数DMa、多样性指数H、均匀度指数JSW 及随林分中抗虫或感虫木比率由高到低变化时林分多样性指数累加值DV,分析人工混交林的多样性测度阈值与光肩星天牛危害率的关系。研究表明 ,多树种的人工混交林具有明显的抵抗蛀干害虫为害的能力 ,但混交林的抗虫力与所选配树种的抗性、抗性树种在混交林中所占的比率有关。当给定混交林分的树种数后 ,光肩星天牛的危害率PZ 与林分的多样性指数累加值DV 的关系符合Logistic模型 ;该模型中的系数a是林分本身的多样性测度值的起始位置 ,随树种数的增多a值具有稳定的增长规律 ;系数rm 的新意是混交林分对光肩星天牛扩大危害的阻力、即潜在的抗虫能力 ,rm 随林分中树种数的增多具有显著增大的趋势。林分的最大多样性测度值KDMa 、Kh、KJsw 也具有相同的变化规律。在 4～7个树种组成的系列混交林内 ,林分的多样性测度阈值DTV随树种数的增加而增高 ,但被害率极值Lvp反而降低。上述规律的意义还在于 ,随混交林中树种数的增加 ,设计或改造现有感虫林时选择树种的余地也增大。     

长白山过伐林区云冷杉针阔混交林林分结构的研究

如何经营过伐林，使其保持好的林分结构，是林分生态系统在经营情况下正向演替和产生较高效益的关键问题之一。本文以金沟岭林场的云冷杉针阔混交林为研究对象，分析了在用捡查法经营情况下的林分连续14a的结构状况及变化，认为十几年的检查法经营实验，调整和改善了林分的径阶和蓄积结构，林分生态系统保持稳定并逐步提高。     

细柄阿丁枫人工混交林生长过程的研究

对华口16年生和二重山35年生细柄阿丁枫人工混交状态下生长过程的研究表明:由于树种组成、林分密度和树龄不同,两地细柄阿丁枫的生长过程有差异,但均表现出生长潜力大的特点。二重山由于长期受林分密度过大的影响,林木营养空间不足,长的细高,高径比失调,其胸径和材积连年、平均生长量小于华口,华口细柄阿丁枫早期速生特征明显。华口16年生和二重山35年生的细柄阿丁枫材积连年生长量与平均生长量尚未相交,说明具有培育大径材的潜力。     

人工-天然杉阔混交林种群生态位及竞争研究

对人工 -天然杉阔混交林中 4个主要种群进行生态位研究 ,定量测定混交林中主要种群生态位宽度、生态位相似比例、生态位重叠 ,并分析了各种群生态位的生态学意义 ;同时采用Lotka_Volterra竞争方程研究混交林中主要种群。结果表明 :通过定量的生态位分析 ,结果与自然规律相符合。平衡时 ,杉木和米槠相对优势度分别为87 4 5 %和 12 5 5 % ,即人工 -天然杉阔混交林仍将由杉木、米槠两种种群共优组成 ,杉木种群支配整个群落。     

山西省太行山林业生态工程混交林建设探讨

建设稳定的林分是历代务林人所追求之目标,该文根据太行山区植被演替现存的稳定群落结构及近年来混交林建设的实践经验,提出了在太行山林业生态工程建设中混交林的营造模式及途径。     

Wood Moisture Content Measurement by X-Ray Exposure Method

lNTRoDUCTIONTheon-sitcnon-dcstructit'cmcasurcl11cntofu.oodmoisbocontcntattTactsgrcatintcrcsts.Itpla3'simpor-tantpartsinthescicntificrcscarchsucl1asonthchcatandmasstransportproccssesint"ooddri'ing.thcim-pregnationofliquidinxt'ood.thcmoisturccontcntdistri-b…     

Root exposure effects on water relations of Eucalyptus nitens nursery stock

Bare-root seedlings of Eucalyptus nitens frequently exhibit water stress after planting resulting in leaf lamina damage and reduced leaf area. Two trials examined effects of root exposure and desiccation between lifting and transplanting on post-planting water relations, leaf retention and root growth. Plants with roots exposed on a glasshouse bench initially lost water rapidly. In one trial ₁ declined to around –2.0 MPa within 2.5 h, after which there was no further change with exposure up to 7.5 h. In the second trial, the initial decline in ₁ was more rapid, reaching below –2.0 MPa in the first hour, before remaining stable with continuing exposure up to 4.5 h. A further decline then continued to –4.0 MPa after 7.5 h.Two days after transplanting into potting mix, day – time leaf water potentials in all desiccation treatments had declined to near –2.0 MPa. Hydraulic resistivity, measured as leaf specific resistivity two days after transplanting, increased following exposure for greater than 2.5 h, but there was no further increase between 4.5 and 7.5 h. The increase in resistivity corresponded with leaf water potential declining below –2.0 MPa during exposure.In the second trial, increasing root exposure time resulted in decreased leaf area due to lamina necrosis. Root growth, measured three weeks after planting, was also reduced. and there was also a positive curvilinear relationship between leaf area remaining at three weeks and new root growth. The results are discussed in terms of hardiness and the management of E. nitens seedlings from nursery to plantation.     

杉木萌芽纯林与混交林生长量及经济效益的研究

在杉木林采伐迹地上,通过不炼山、套种火力楠与深山含笑,进行杉木萌芽纯林与混交林的对比试验,9a试验结果表明:混交林中杉木的平均胸径、树高、单株材积、地上部分单株生物量分别比杉木萌芽纯林增加4 04%、8 75%、16 3%、1 43%;混交林中火力楠和深山含笑生长良好,混交林总蓄积量和乔木层地上部分总生物量分别为杉木纯林的1 47倍和1 32倍;混交林的投入产出比高于杉木萌芽纯林,说明本模式是恢复和提高杉木连栽地土壤生产力的可行方法。