双歧杆菌完整肽聚糖对实验性胃癌抑制作用的研究

为研究双歧杆菌完整肽聚糖(WPG)对实验性胃癌生长的抑制作用,从两歧双歧杆菌中提取完整肽聚糖,以人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤为动物模型,观察不同浓度WPG对移植瘤生长的抑制情况,绘制肿瘤生长曲线,HE染色观察WPG对移植瘤组织形态的影响。结果显示,WPG低、中、高剂量组移植瘤的生长速度、平均瘤重均明显低于阴性对照组,抑瘤率分别为62.50%、67.87%和87.50%,与阳性对照(5-氟脲嘧啶)组相比无显著性差异(P>0.05)。HE染色结果显示,WPG组移植瘤中普遍存在不同程度的坏死。结果表明,双歧杆菌WPG能抑制裸鼠体内胃癌的生长,为开发新型高效、低毒的抗肿瘤药物提供试验依据。     

基于数据挖掘探讨《章次公医术经验集》胃病用药规律

目的 探讨章次公先生治疗胃病方面的用药规律,为当代医家临床临证处方用药提供借鉴与参考。方法 统计《章次公医术经验集》中胃病使用药物,并分别查出其药性、药味、功效及归经,运用Excel、Spss 22.0、Weka 3.8、Cytoscape 3.6.1对数据进行统计分析。结果 章次公先生治疗胃病的高频药物是苦杏仁、茯苓、延胡索、当归、旋覆花、半夏、枳实等;其中药物功效归类以理气药居多,其次为化痰止咳平喘药及补虚药之类;药物药性多温、平;药物药味多辛、苦、甘;药物归经以脾经居多,其次为胃经、肺经及肝经。根据高频药物的关联规则分析,得到药对配伍规则如延胡索-苦杏仁配伍最多,其次是茯苓-苦杏仁、当归-苦杏仁、旋覆花-苦杏仁等;药组配伍规则以苦杏仁-延胡索-旋覆花最多,其次是苦杏仁-延胡索-当归、苦杏仁-旋覆花-延胡索、半夏-吴茱萸-茯苓等。结论 数据挖掘结果发现章次公治疗胃病多用降气化痰、活血止痛、健脾行气等治法,对于当代医家在临床上辨证施治用药有着一定的指导意义。     

抗癌防移片联合化疗治疗中晚期胃癌肝转移临床观察

目的 观察抗癌防移片联合化疗对中晚期胃癌肝转移的临床疗效。方法 将60例本病患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,各30例。对照组予以SOX方案化疗,治疗组在同对照组治疗基础上加用抗癌防移片。对两组近期客观疗效、卡氏功能状态（Karnofsky Performance Status, KPS）评分、癌胚抗原（Carcino-embryonic antigen, CEA）变化及不良反应发生率进行比较。结果 治疗组近期疗效及CEA水平、KPS评分改善明显优于对照组（P<0.05）,不良反应发生率明显低于对照组（P<0.05）;两组肝肾损伤均为轻度（P>0.05）。结论 抗癌防移片联合化疗可提高中晚期胃癌肝转移患者局部控制率,有效减少化疗不良反应的发生,改善患者生活质量,具有增效减毒抗癌的作用。     

Nutritional management of gastric ulceration

Gastric ulcers are common in horses and equine gastric ulcer syndrome describes ulcers in the distal oesophagus, nonglandular and glandular stomach as well as the proximal duodenum. Ulcers in the distal oesophagus and nonglandular region of the stomach are probably caused by hydrochloric acid, whereas ulcers in the glandular stomach and proximal duodenum are likely to be caused by a breakdown in the mucosal defence mechanisms. Regardless of the location of ulcers, initial treatment with pharmacological agents is necessary to suppress hydrochloric acid; however, nutrition and management changes are required to maintain ulcer healing and help prevent recurrence. In addition, many dietary supplements have been marketed to help maintain stomach health and some scientific data on their effects on gastric ulcer scores and gastric juice pH are presented.     

Intestinal metaplasia -the effect of Acid on the gastric mucosa and gastric carcinogenesis-

This review concerns stem cells and their relation to intestinal metaplasia. When gastric regions of mice, Mongolian gerbils or several strains of rats were irradiated with a total dose of 20 Gy of X-rays given in two fractions, intestinal metaplasia was only induced in rats. In addition, it was greatly influenced by rat strain and sex. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) positive metaplastic foci were increased by administration of ranitidine (H(2) receptor antagonist), crude stomach antigens or subtotal resection of the fundus and decreased by cysteamine (gastric acid secretion stimulator), histamine or removal of the submandibular glands. Recent studies have shown that Cdx2 transgenic mice with gastric achlorhydria develop intestinal metaplasia and that in men and animals, Helicobacterpylori (H. pyrlori) infection can cause intestinal metaplasias that are reversible on eradication. Our results combined with findings for H. pylori infection or eradication and transgenic mice suggest that an elevation in the pH of the gastric juice due to disappearance of parietal cells is one of the principal factors for development of reversible intestinal metaplasia. When different organs were transplanted into the stomach or duodenum, they were found to transdifferentiate into gastric or duodenal mucosae, respectively. Organ-specific stem cells in normal non-liver tissues (heart, kidney, brain and skin) also differentiate into hepatocytes when transplanted into an injured liver. Therefore, stem cells have a multipotential ability, transdifferentiating into different organs when transplanted into different environments. Finally, intestinal metaplasia has been found to possibly increase sensitivity to the induction of tumors by colon carcinogens of the 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH), azoxymethane (AOM) or 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4.5-b]pyridine (PhIP) type. This carcinogenic process, however, may be relatively minor compared with the main gastric carcinogenesis process induced by N-methy1-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MMNG) or N-methylnitrosourea (MNU), which is not affected by the presence of intestinal metaplasia. The protocol used in these experiments may provide a new approach to help distinguish between developmental events associated with intestinal metaplasia and gastric tumors.     

中医健脾养胃法在胃癌治疗中的应用探讨

中医认为健脾养胃是中医治疗胃癌的治疗大法,该文通过查阅文献,总结分析大量临床观察实验,认为健脾养胃法可以扩大手术适应证,提高手术成功率,利于术后恢复,预防复发转移;减轻放、化疗不良反应,提高放、化疗疗效;改善晚期患者生活质量,延长生命等,当贯穿胃癌治疗始终。     

俄罗斯鲟幼鱼的胃排空特征及其数学模型

研究了俄罗斯鲟(Acipenser gueldenstaedtii)幼鱼饱食后胃内容物重量的变化特征,并确定其最优数学模型。在实验室内23℃条件下,分别测定了体质量(10.47±2.03)g的俄罗斯鲟幼鱼饱食后0、2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16、20、24、28 h胃内容物的湿重,并用线性模型、指数模型和平方根模型3种数学模型拟合了俄罗斯鲟幼鱼的胃排空率。结果表明,3种模型都能很好地拟合实验数据,但三者之间的相关系数(R2)、残差平方和(RSS)残差的标准差(SDR)仍存在明显差异。胃排空率用平方根模型拟合得最好,方程为Y0.5=1.912-0.066t(R2=0.988,P0.001);根据平方根模型,胃内饲料在饱食投喂后18 h左右完全排空,达到投喂前水平,80%胃排空时间为15 h,即投喂后大约15 h俄罗斯鲟幼鱼可恢复食欲。     

The effect of experimental inhibition of gastric acid secretion on curd formation in abomasum and weight gain of calves

Eight Holstein bull calves were divided into two groups; a non-treated control group and a famotidine treated group. Fresh milk was fed twice a day. The experiment was conducted between 7 and 14 days of age. During the experimental period the control group was injected with physiological saline, and the famotidine group was injected with famotidine, a histamine-H2-receptor blocker, into the jugular vein 30 minutes prior to each feeding. The control group showed maximum curd formation 2 h after feeding at both 7 and 14 days of age. Curd scores of 7-day-old and 14-day-old calves were significantly lower in the famotidine than in the control group at 2 and 4 h after feeding. Most fecal samples from the famotidine group exhibited an acidic smell. The famotidine group showed significantly lower values for both average weight gain and the rate of weight gain from 7 to 14 days of age. The inhibition of gastric acid secretion decreased curd formation in the abomasum as well as daily weight gain compared to non-treated control calves. This suggested that curd formation in the abomasum is important for the weight gain of newborn calves.     

基于元胞自动机理论的紧急人员疏散模拟

基于元胞自动机原理,建立了紧急情况下人群疏散模型,并利用Visual Basic 6.0开发了可视化模拟仿真程序.在疏散模拟的仿真实现中,为了简化算法,使用墙体和障碍物把复杂建筑平面分割成凸多边形区域,然后利用门道把各个凸多边形区域联系起来构成一个整体的疏散平面空间.利用程序对建筑设计方案进行人员疏散模拟,可以找出建筑方案出现严重拥堵现象的临界人数,以论证建筑布局是否符合安全设计要求,并为建筑布局的改进提供参考.