Antigen-nonspecific macrophage factors modulating the antibody response in vitro

Antibody response to an antigen involves the co-operation between three types of cells: macrophages, T cells and B cells. The cognate interactions between these cells play a fundamental role in the expression of a specific antibody response, but the last is modulated by antigen-nonspecific soluble factors produced either by macrophages or by T cells. Macrophages elaborate a spectrum of molecules modulating the function of lymphoid cells; among them are IL1 and prostaglandins of the E series, which are respectively enhancer and inhibitor of the antibody response in vitro. These molecules alter T cell and B cell activities through different mechanisms involving activation or inhibition of IL2 production, or alteration of cells surface antigens. However, the cellular events following the fixation of soluble factor on its receptors are not known.     

雏鸡马立克氏病疫苗免疫后细胞免疫功能的变化

雏鸡用马立克氏病(MD)三价疫苗免疫后,其脾脏和胸腺T淋巴细胞增殖反应比未免疫健康对照雏鸡和以火鸡疱疹病毒(HVT)疫苗免疫的雏鸡显著增强(P<0.05),外周血液T辅助细胞(T_M)和单核细胞数量显著增加(P<0.01或P<0.05);雏鸡HVT疫苗免疫后,脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖反应比未免疫健康对照雏鸡显著增强(P<0.05),而胸腺T淋巴细胞增殖反应虽有增强,外周血液T_M数量虽有增加,但均无统计学显著性差异(P>0.05).     

牛体细胞核移植技术

对牛体细胞核移植技术中核供体细胞周期同期化处理，电融合条件及去核方法等进行了研究。结果表明，血清－饥饿组（细胞周期同期化处理组）的移核重构胚细胞融合率（83．3％），卵裂率（70％）和囊胚发育率（33．8％）与血清－选择组对应指标间无显著性差异（82．3％，69．2％，32．4％，P＞0．05）；但上述2组分别极显著高于血清－随机组（64．8％，33．8％，4．35％，P＜0．01），试验确立了场强1.025kV/cm，脉冲宽度50μs，连续2次脉冲为最佳电融合条件。摸索出的点击去核法，对卵母细胞进行去核，去核成功率达90％，极显著高地吸引法的68．3％（P＜0．01）；其囊胚发育率为34．1％，显著高于吸引法的18．0％（P＜0．05），与挤压法（20．9％）相比差异不显著（P＞0．05），移植重构胚胎移植后，产2头成活的体细胞克隆牛。     

中药细胞级粉碎及其发展趋势

细胞级粉碎是一项新兴的物料加工技术。介绍了中药细胞级粉碎的概念、原理、特点、设备及其发展趋势。     

Critical Phase Transition of the Two-dimensional Microcanonical Ising Model by Cellular Automata Q2R Method

The authors construct a microcanonical ensemble system and analyzes the phase change of the two-dimensional Ising model Cellular Automata Q2R/WQ2R method. The result indicates that the numerical value simulation can show the spontaneous magnetization of two-dimensional crystal lattice in isolated system. The authors have observed the critical phase transition phenomenon and gotten the critical energy. The simulation of three-dimensional Ising model can be grounded on the method that this article establishes.     

包装对龙眼果实贮藏期间果皮失水褐变和细胞超微结构的影响

研究了(10±1)℃和50%相对湿度贮藏条件下无包装和0.015 mm厚的聚乙烯薄膜袋密封包装的“福眼”龙眼果实果皮失水、果皮褐变和细胞超微结构变化。结果表明，无包装的龙眼果实采后极易失水导致果皮迅速褐变，且褐变随贮藏时间的延长和果皮失水率的增加而升高，果皮褐变指数与果皮失水率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。在龙眼果皮失水褐变过程中，果皮细胞的细胞器和膜系统的完整性受到严重的破坏。而聚乙烯薄膜袋密封包装则显著减少了果皮失水和抑制果皮褐变，并保持较好的果皮细胞的细胞器和膜系统的完整性。据此认为，聚乙烯薄膜袋密封包装抑制龙眼果实失水果皮褐变与其维持细胞器和细胞膜的完整性有联系。     

虎纹蛙白内障病病原的分离鉴定及其免疫防治

本文报道了海南养殖虎纹蛙白内障病病原及其免疫学防治方法。对该典型患病个体进行病原分离并鉴定表明，被分离出的病原为脑膜炎败血黄杆菌。在所实验的20种抗菌药物中，该菌只对万古霉素敏感，对头孢哌酮中度敏感，而对其他18种药物均不敏感。通过筛选该病原强毒株制备甲醛灭活疫苗，对健康虎纹蛙进行免疫接种后，可明显提高其对该病的抵抗能力，表明在生产上用免疫学方法防治该病是可行的。     

Cellular immune responses of BALB/c mice induced by intramuscular injection of PRRSV-ORF5 DNA vaccine with different doses

BALB/c mice were immunized with 50 μg, 100 μg, 200 μg of pcDNA-PRRSV-ORF5 DNA vaccine respectively by intramuscular injection, with PBS and pcDNA3.1(+) as controls. Fluorescence activated cell Sorter (FACS) was used to detect the number of CD₄ ⁺ and CD₈ ⁺ T-lymphocytes. T-lymphocyte proliferation test was used to detect proliferation of the T-lymphocyte cells in peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice vaccinated with pcDNA-PRRSV-ORF5 DNA vaccine. The results showed that the difference in ConA response to T-lymphocytes in blood was highly significant between all experimental groups and the control group (P < 0.01). The number of CD₄ ⁺ T-lymphocytes in experimental groups was significantly higher than that of the control group 7 d after vaccination. The number of CD₈ ⁺ T-lymphocytes in the experimental groups was higher than that of the control group 28 d after vaccination. Mice immunized with a higher dose (200 μg) of DNA vaccine demonstrated higher cellular immune response than those immunized with a lower dose (100 μg, 50 μg) of DNA vaccine. The results demonstrated that pcDNA-PRRSV-ORF5 DNA vaccine could induce a good cellular immune response which may be dose-dependent. __________ Translated from China J Vet Sci Mar, 2006, 26(2): 111–114 [译自: 中国兽医学报] The first three authors contribute equally to this work.     

大鼠脊髓P物质对细胞免疫调节作用的研究

目的：观察大鼠脊髓Ｐ物质对细胞免疫水平的影响，方法：两组新生大鼠分别皮下注射辣椒素（ＣＡＰ）和Ｐ物质抗血清，成年大鼠则于脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射，用丝裂原激活的大鼠脾细胞方法测定了淋巴细胞的白细胞介素－２（ＩＬ－２）水平。结果：大鼠皮下及脊髓蛛网膜下腔各分别注射ＣＡＰ，Ｐ物质抗血清后，ＩＬ－２的水平较对照组显著升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论：新生大鼠（皮下）与成年大鼠（蛛网膜下腔）注射ＣＡＰ或Ｐ物质抗血清垃     

雌性双峰驼生殖道粘膜免疫组织和细胞的结构与分布

应用光镜和透射电镜观察12峰雌性双峰驼生殖道粘膜免疫组织和细胞的结构与分布。结果显示，输卵管、子宫和阴道的粘膜上皮以及子宫腺上皮内普遍分布着上皮内淋巴细胞（IEL），尤其在子宫颈后段和阴道前段的上皮中可见淋巴细胞浸润现象。从输卵管伞到阴道，固有膜内分布有数量不等的固有层淋巴细胞（LPL）、浆细胞、巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞，在子宫角、子宫体和子宫颈固有膜中还出现淋巴小结，小结内含有一种成群分布的强嗜伊红细胞，细胞大而有突起。子宫颈粘膜上皮和腺上皮内还见嗜中性粒细胞，这些细胞有时充满于子宫颈腺腔内。在子宫（尤其子宫角）固有膜深层和浅肌层分布着成群的肥大细胞，肥大细胞在孕驼子宫内明显减少。母驼生殖道粘膜形成的众多皱襞和腺体大大增加了上皮表面积，进而增大了粘膜免疫组织和细胞的数量。结果提示，双峰驼生殖道具有强大的粘膜免疫功能。