The stress of weaning influences serum levels of acute-phase proteins, iron-binding proteins, inflammatory cytokines, cortisol, and leukocyte subsets in Holstein calves

The purpose of our study was to investigate changes in immunological parameters induced by weaning stress (including milk restriction) in calves. Fifteen Holstein calves were subjected to weaning at 6 weeks of age. Blood samples were collected at -14, -7, -2, 1, 3, and 5 days post-weaning (DPW; 0 DPW = 42 days). Weaning caused significant (p < 0.01) increases in the neutrophil (NE):lymphocyte (LY) ratio at 5 DPW with a significant (p < 0.05) reduction of LYs. The concentration of acute-phase proteins (haptoglobin and serum amyloid A) also increased significantly (p < 0.05) at 3 and 5 DPW compared to -2 DPW. Levels of the iron-binding protein lactoferrin decreased significantly (p < 0.05) after weaning. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α and cortisol levels were elevated (p < 0.05) at 3 DPW, while those of serum interferon-γ decreased (p < 0.05) at 1 and 3 DPW compared to levels observed before weaning. Weaning significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the percentage of CD25⁺ T cells in the peripheral blood. In conclusion, weaning stress affected the NE:LY ratio along with the levels of acute phase proteins, lactoferrin, cortisol, and inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood of calves. Weaning stress may induce an acute phase response possibly through the elevation of cortisol production and modulation of inflammatory cytokines.     

川楝子正丁醇部位对小白鼠的急性毒性

为探明川楝子正丁醇部位的急性毒性,通过预试验测定出川楝子正丁醇部位的最小全死量(Dm)和最大全不死量(Dn),然后进行川楝子正丁醇部位对小白鼠的急性毒性试验。结果表明:川楝子乙醇提取物的正丁醇部位对小白鼠单次口服的半数致死量(LD50)为2.757 1g/kg,95%可信限为2.741 9~2.772 3g/kg。死亡小白鼠急性毒性主要表现为安静少动、腹卧昏睡、呼吸急促、连续抽搐。川楝子正丁醇部位毒性较低,符合低毒化合物标准(500~5 000mg/kg)。     

给定行程速度变化系数的四杆机构设计

在一些教科书中,对于给定行程速度变化系数的四杆机构设计,结论上存在一些错误和缺陷。利用几何方法,对曲柄中心所在位置的各种可能性进行了分析,给出了较为完整的结论。     

屠宰猪胃脏病理变化调查

对北京地区部分屠宰场的猪胃脏进行调查，共检查胃样8100个，检出具有各种病变的胃样287个，病变检出率3．54％，检出的病变包括急性出血性胃炎、胃水肿、胃溃疡、慢性胃炎、颚口线虫。     

贝尼尔脂质体和贝尼尔注射剂的急性毒性比较试验

我们试制了贝尼尔脂质体 ,并对其和贝尼尔注射剂进行了小鼠的急性毒性比较试验 ,试验结果表明 ,贝尼尔脂质体的毒副作用显著低于贝尼尔注射剂 ,脂质体组的 L D50 (177.83mg/ kg· bw)显著高于原药组 L D50(74.14m g/ kg· bw) ,是原药组的 2 .40倍。说明贝尼尔制成脂质体后 ,可以显著降低药物毒副作用 ,增加用药的安全性     

Agarose gel electrophoretic fractionation of serum proteins in adult cattle. II. A study of cows with different diseases.

In 283 dairy cows suffering from internal disorders the serum proteins were studied by agarose gel electrophoresis supplemented by total protein and albumin determinations. The clinical diagnoses could be grouped according to protein pattern. Group 1 (abomasal displacement and traumatic muscle injury) did not appreciably affect the serum protein concentrations and represented primarily non-inflammatory diseases or diseases of non-infectious origin. Group 2 (leukosis) occupied an exceptional position, with heavy lowering of albumin unaccompanied by a corresponding rise of total globulin. The γ-globulin concentration was significantly lowered. Group 3 (acute traumatic peritonitis) represented an acute inflammatory process with increase chiefly of the α-globulins, while the γ-globulin concentration was normal. Group 4 (chronic traumatic peritonitis, summer mastitis, chronic subclinical mastitis, chronic laminitis and polyarthritis, urinary tract infection, abscess, and sub-acute-chronic pneumonia) comprised diseases chiefly of chronic inflammatory character and with infectious origin. Especially characteristic was the heavy rise of globulins in general and of γ-globulin in particular. In most cases there was a large increase also of the α- and p-globulin fractions.     

Risk assessment of dietary exposure to pesticides using a Bayesian method

Risk assessment of pesticides can be a statistically difficult problem because pesticides occur only occasionally, but they may occur on multiple components in the diet. A Bayesian statistical model is presented which incorporates multivariate modelling of food consumption and modelling of pesticide measurements which are for a large part below a measurement threshold. It is shown that Bayesian modelling is feasible for a limited number of food components, and that in a data-rich situation the model compares well with an empirical Monte Carlo modelling.     

Synergetic Effect of Yihuo Qingyi Decoction(益活凊胰汤)and Recombinant Staphylokinase in Treatment of Severe Acute Pancreatitis of Rats

Objective:To investigate the effect of recombinant staphylokinase (r-Sak) and the Chinese medicine Yihuo Qingyi Decoction (益活凊胰汤 Herbal decoction for severe acute pancreatitis) in the treatment of...