oar-miR-133的表达对巴什拜羊骨骼肌细胞增殖和分化的影响

以巴什拜羊为对象,初步研究oar-miR-133的表达与巴什拜羊骨骼肌发育的关系。结果表明,oar-miR-133在巴什拜羊胎儿期第100天的骨骼肌和心肌中高表达;在巴什拜羊骨骼肌发育的不同阶段,oar-miR-133的表达量有明显的变化,在胎儿期的第100天和初生当天前后,骨骼肌中oar-miR-133的表达量均出现上调;当巴什拜羊骨骼肌卫星细胞处于增殖状态时,oar-miR-133表达量较低,而当骨骼肌卫星细胞处于诱导分化状态时,oar-miR-133表达量迅速升高,显著高于增殖状态(P0.05);当骨骼肌卫星细胞中的oar-miR-133表达水平升高时,骨骼肌卫星细胞几乎停止增殖,细胞有相互融合转化为肌管的趋势,同时细胞内可检测到细胞分化的标志基因MyHC基因的表达;生物信息学分析共预测到96个oar-miR-133的靶基因,GO分析及KEGG信号通路分析结果表明,这些基因在细胞内通过参与一些重要的信号通路而发挥其生物学功能。     

虹鳟卵孵化中水霉病的防控

在水温9~11℃下,研究不同浓度过氧化氢、甲醛、聚维酮碘和中草药(五倍子、麻黄等)浸提液对虹鳟受精卵发眼率、孵化率和畸形率的影响。结果表明:聚维酮碘不适合用于虹鳟受精卵水霉病的防治,其他三种消毒剂的最佳药浴浓度分别为过氧化氢1 000mg/L、甲醛1 500 mg/L、中草药浸液50mL(仅限于本试验配方),发眼率可分别提高到发眼率可分别提高到(96.54±1.16)%、(97.76±2.36)%、(94.26±3.58)%,孵化率可分别提高到(97.99±0.13)%、(98.24±1.09)%、(98.10±1.09)%。将这三种消素剂两两交替使用后,发现过氧化氢和中草药的防治效果不低于甲醛,为今后研发防治水霉菌的无公害新型药物提供基础性数据。同时,建议在孵化中建立一套科学、严格、有效的防疫体系,既可大大减少消毒剂的使用量,又可真正达到安全、高效、价廉。     

东海发现的贝氏喙鲸

本文首次报道了５０年代末,从舟山沿海捕获的１条贝氏喙鲸,并对其骨骼特征作了简要记述。     

A review of angular limb deformities

This article provides some guidelines for the evaluation and management of angular limb deformities in young horses. It begins by looking at factors that influence conformation and that should be taken into consideration when making a decision as to the significance of a particular conformational trait. Perinatal and acquired deformities are then discussed separately with an emphasis on the latter. Options for their correction are described as well as the results of recent publications using these techniques. Finally the approach to management of deformities at each of the most commonly encountered locations is described.     

中药饮品对运动性疲劳大鼠骨骼肌影响的实验研究*

目的:观察中药饮品对大鼠生化、形态学和细胞凋亡指标的影响,以期为中药饮品的功效提供新的理论支持和科学数据。 方法:SD大鼠48只分为4组,正常对照组、运动疲劳模型组、实验一组、实验二组。除对照组以外、余三组均进行运动跑台训练 。实验组中药饮品灌胃。运动结束后,大鼠取骨骼肌检测。结论：两种中药饮品能够有效降低降低骨骼肌中的MDA含量,增加骨 骼肌的总抗氧化能力。增加大鼠海马的总抗氧化能力,减少MDA含量。阻止caspase- 3 的活化,最终达到对抗细胞凋亡的目的 。     

Malignant Hyperthermia Associated with Ryanodine Receptor 1 (C7360G) Mutation in Quarter Horses

Background: Anesthetic‐induced malignant hyperthermia (MH) has been documented in Quarter Horses with a single point mutation in the ryanodine receptor 1 gene (RyR1) at nucleotide C7360G, generating a R2454G amino acid substitution. However, there have been no reports of nonanesthetic manifestations of MH in horses with the C7360G mutation. Objective: To describe clinical manifestations of Quarter Horses with the C7360G mutation. Animals: Eleven Quarter Horses with the RyR1 C7360G mutation. Methods: This prospective study included horses with suspected MH, undetermined etiology of sudden death, death within hours of onset of rhabdomyolysis, muscle rigidity, stiffness, intermittent sweating, and persistent increases in serum muscle enzyme activities. Whole blood in EDTA and skeletal muscle were processed for genetic and histochemical analysis. Medical records and pedigrees were collected when available. Results: Both anesthetic‐ and non–anesthetic‐associated myopathic manifestations of MH occurred in halter Quarter Horses with mutation of RyR1. The disease is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Clinical and laboratory abnormalities were similar in both forms. Rhabdomyolysis was a common finding in both groups of horses. Skeletal muscle histochemical findings were nonspecific and compatible with a noninflammatory myopathic process. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: MH is a potentially fatal disease of Quarter Horses that could be triggered by halogenated anesthetics and other nonanesthetic factors that may include exercise, stress, breeding, illnesses, and concurrent myopathies.     

牛肌肉生长抑制素基因的研究进展

肌肉生长抑制素,属TGF-β超家族,是一种骨骼肌生长发育的负调控因子。其生物活性的丧失或受到抑制,会导致骨骼肌增生从而引起动物肌肉的过度发育,表现为双肌性状。本文综述了MSTN基因的发现、结构特点、作用机制、在牛科物种中的研究进展及其应用前景。     

桃畸果病的发生及对桃果实生理生化指标的影响

近年来,在甘肃省兰州桃产区发现了一种由下心瘿螨(Eriophyes catacardiae Keifer)为害引起的桃果实病害,该病导致桃果实严重畸形。 2009-2010年对桃产区调查结果表明：下心瘿螨3月下旬到4月初出蛰为害,桃畸果平均发生率2009年为40.30%,2010年为73.65%,严重时高达86%。进一步的生理生化指标测试表明：被害桃果一些主要生理生化指标发生了明显的变化。受害果实的可溶性糖含量比对照下降了55.35%,可溶性蛋白质含量上升了66.16%,游离氨基酸含量上升了64.95%,游离脯氨酸含量上升了111.57%,过氧化氢酶活性增加了53.46%。     

不同营养元素对海带幼体发病及育苗效果的影响

进行了不同营养条件下海带配子体死亡率、幼孢子体畸形率及育苗效果的比较试验，发现含有氮、磷、铁、硼的完全营养液育苗效果较好，缺氮、缺磷、缺铁各组则受到没程度影响。营养条件是影响幼苗发病和出苗率的重要因素。海带育苗中应添加微量元素。