香猪3种组织环状RNA的表达及其功能分析

本研究旨在探索环状RNA（circular RNA，circRNA）在香猪皮肤、皮下脂肪及背最长肌的表达及其潜在功能。本研究采用RNA-Seq技术和生物信息学方法，分析香猪皮肤、皮下脂肪及背最长肌circRNA的表达，对3种组织特有circRNA亲本基因进行GO和KEGG富集分析，对样品组织结构功能相关亲本基因中circRNA结合的靶miRNA进行预测。从香猪3种组织表达谱中共鉴定出6 483个circRNAs，皮肤、皮下脂肪及背最长肌分别鉴定出4 575、5 180、5 219个circRNAs，其中特异性表达的分别有83、234、586个；circRNAs在染色体上分布广泛，主要来源于外显子，少数来源于内含子和基因间隔区；多数circRNAs表达量较低；皮肤特有circRNAs的亲本基因主要参与蛋白水解、RNA转运、缝隙连接等过程，其中NF1、MAPK1等亲本基因与皮肤性疾病相关，可能以circRNAs的形式发挥作用，其中亲本基因MAPK1中的circRNA（circ-MAPK1）可结合miR-18a、miR-132、miR-411等，可能参与调控胶原蛋白的形成；皮下脂肪特有circRNAs的亲本基因富集于脂肪细胞生长、发育及癌症等信号通路，ABHD5、PTPN11等亲本基因与脂肪代谢有关，circ-PTPN11结合的miR-103、miR-107、miR-199a-5p等参与调控脂肪细胞增殖、分化及脂质沉积；背最长肌特有的circRNAs亲本基因富集于癌症、感染、肌肉发育等过程，ROCK2、PPP1CC等基因与肌细胞分化及肌肉收缩相关，circ-PPP1CC结合的miR-339、miR-181a、miR-181b等参与调控肌细胞分化、增殖及生长。综上，本研究筛选出的circRNAs及其结合的miRNAs可能参与皮肤胶原蛋白形成、脂肪沉积、肌细胞分化成熟等生物学过程。     

Biological and genetic characterization of carrot red leaf virus and its associated virus/RNA isolated from carrots in Hokkaido,Japan

Carrot motley dwarf (CMD) is caused by mixed infection of carrot red leaf virus (CtRLV) with either carrot mottle virus (CMoV) or carrot mottle mimic virus, and additional infection with CtRLV-associated RNA (CtRLVaRNA). Here, the author investigated the viruses or virus-like RNA isolated from carrots with reddening symptoms in Hokkaido, the northern island of Japan. Three types of infections were mainly detected: single infection with CtRLV, which was most prevalent; double infection with CtRLV and CMoV; and triple infection with CtRLV, CMoV, and CtRLVaRNA. Fields with the three agents were severely affected, with diseased plants showing mottling, whereas in fields where disease incidence was low and sporadic, CtRLV was often found alone in plants with mild symptoms. Inoculation tests using carrot plants showed that CMoV enhanced disease severity, and the RNA accumulation of CtRLV. However, in the presence of CtRLVaRNA (+ CMoV), distinct symptoms such as systemic mottling and stunting developed, while the enhancement of CtRLV accumulation was abolished. These results imply that CtRLVaRNA (+ CMoV) antagonizes CtRLV despite its dependence on CtRLV for aphid transmission, and that mixed infection with CtRLVaRNA is involved in the development of the conspicuous mottling. All agents detected in Hokkaido were very similar to European and American isolates in terms of their genomic sequences and host range. This represents the first report of CMD in Japan, and provides further information on the genetic and biological properties of CMD-associated agents, as well as the aetiology of the disease.     

How to Use the Functions of Local University Libraries for Promoting the Great Regional Cultund Prosperity

分析了广西民族文化发展的现状，指出了高校图书馆对繁荣当地民族文化的重要作用，并提出了广西高校图书馆应从4个方面着手促进本地民族文化的繁荣。     

芸薹属查尔酮异构酶基因家族RNA干扰载体的构建

作为类黄酮途径的第二步关键酶,查尔酮异构酶(chalcone isomerase,CHI)催化四羟基查尔酮成为柚皮素,用于合成各种类黄酮物质,影响多种性状。芸薹属含有多种重要的油料、蔬菜和观赏植物。本研究从甘蓝型油菜克隆了芸薹属CHI基因家族的干扰片段BCHII(761bp),采用NcoⅠ+AatⅡ和BamHⅠ+XbaⅠ双酶切方案分别将其反义片段和正义片段亚克隆到植物RNA干扰(RNAi)平台载体pFGC5941M的启动子与间隔区、间隔区与终止子之间,形成了11674bp的RNAi载体pFGC5941M-BCHII(简称pBCHII),多种PCR检测表明2个片段的插入方向正确,重组载体完整,将其转化根癌农杆菌菌株LBA4404以后获得了工程菌株LBA4404-pBCHII-①。本研究结果将促进研究CHI与芸薹属异花授粉、植株色彩、黄籽和抗逆性等性状的关系和开展相关分子育种。     

Rapid determination of exchangeable calcium in soil with the,calcium electrode

Abstract

A rapid and efficient method has been developed for the determination of exchangeable calcium in various soil solutions utilizing the Orion calcium liquid ion‐exchange electrode. Also, a relatively important ammonium ion selectivity constant has been calculated.     

Elimination of chloride interference in the phenoldisulphonic acid method of nitrate determination in soils

Abstract

A technique was developed to eliminate chloride interference using antimony (III) in the determination of nitrates in soils by phenoldisulphonic acid method. This method was found effective upto nearly 300 ppm Cl^‐ in soils ranging in pH from 5.6 to 8.3. By avoiding repeated filtrations of chloride precipitates, this method allowas quick analysis of soils for nitrates in single soil extracts containing other mineral nitrogen fractions.     

Some Preliminary Findings on the Value of Granular Nematocides for Improving Banana Production in the Windward Islands

Abstract

Granular applications of prophos 5 g a.i., phenamiphos 3 g a.i., carbofuran 2.5 g a.i. and oxamy! 6 g a.i. to bananas in the planting holes and subsequent surface applications at 2, 6, 10, 14 and 18 months after planting have given good nematode control as compared with a standard DBCP (dibromochloropropane) (75% e.c.) application of 11.23 l/ha (5.7 cc per plant) every six months and untreated plots. Although the differences in plant crop yields are not statistically significant the production cycle of the granular nematocide treatments was 23–30 days faster than that of control and DBCP treatments. Production data from the ratoon crop indicates a similar pattern.     

适用于转录组测序的棉花幼根总RNA提取方法筛选

棉花幼根中含有大量酚类物质、多糖和单宁等多种次生代谢物,且根部取样时会带有少量的泥土和有机质等污染物,因此棉花幼根RNA提取难度较大.本文采用两种试剂盒法和改良的异硫氰酸胍法,筛选适合转录组测序的提取棉花幼根RNA的方法.与试剂盒法相比,改良的异硫氰酸胍法具有浓度高、质量好等特点,能够满足转录组测序的要求.