切花小菊分枝性状杂种优势表现与遗传分析

 切花小菊的分枝是最重要的品质性状之一。用不同分枝特性的切花小菊品种‘QX-145’（作 母本）和‘南农银山’（作父本）杂交获得F1 群体,对F1 杂种的一级分枝数、分枝高度、一级分枝长度 和分枝角度等4 个分枝性状在2011 和2012 两个年度的表型数据进行记载,运用单个分离世代的主基因 + 多基因混合遗传分析方法,对其进行遗传分析。结果表明,4 个分枝性状在F1 群体中广泛分离,变异系 数为14.60% ~ 38.89%;杂种优势和超亲分离现象普遍存在,除一级分枝长度外,其他3 个性状的中亲优 势值均达极显著水平,中亲优势率分别为–21.46%、–46.96%和–8.85%。混合遗传分析表明：切花小菊 一级分枝长度、分枝角度符合A-0 模型,无主基因控制;一级分枝数和分枝高度符合A-4 模型,主基因 表现为负向完全显性,主基因遗传率分别为51.45%和53.92%。     

新形势下高职院校种子生产与经营专业实践教学改革研究

探讨了新形势下温州科技职业学院种子生产与经营专业进行的实践教学改革,并分析了实践教学改革的效果。     

丽江县森林主要病虫鼠害及防治

１９９２￣１９９７年，丽江县开展了森林病虫，鼠害调查，共查出危害森林的主要病，虫，鼠害１０种，进行了发生，危害，生活习性观察和防治试验。     

不同防治措施下棉盲蝽象的发生规律及对产量的影响

笔者的研究旨在抓住棉盲蝽象在当地的主要危害规律,科学地指导生产,对提高棉花产量增收节支提供理论依据。以N141和石39两个新品系为试验材料,研究在不同处理条件下棉盲蝽象的发生和危害情况。结果表明两个材料在不同处理条件下棉盲蝽象的发生规律和危害相同,均在当地的7月中下旬到8月上旬,发生和危害达最高值,蕾铃脱落率及危害高达41.8%。在此之前和之后,棉盲蝽象的危害都较轻,从而得出了此期为棉盲蝽象危害的主要时期。此时也是棉花产量形成的重要时期,两个品系自然控制处理产量比综合处理的小区产量减少39.3%￣43.3%,产量差异达显著水平。所以必须在主要危害时期进行防治,在节省成本的同时又减少棉花产量损失。     

试论新形势下的园林专业建设

本文就园林专业的现状,在特色专业建设、办学定位、专业结构调整、人才培养模式、产学研结合等方面,探讨了园林专业的建设与发展问题。     

Joint Analysis Method for Major Genes Controlling Multiple Correlated Quantitative Traits

Based on the major gene and polygene mixed inheritance model for multiple correlated quantitative traits, the authors proposed a new joint segregation analysis method of major gene controlling multiple correlated quantitative traits, which include major gene detection and its effect and variation estimation. The effect and variation of major gene are estimated by the maximum likelihood method implemented via expectation-maximization （EM） algorithm. Major gene is tested with the likelihood ratio （LR） test statistic. Extensive simulation studies showed that joint analysis not only increases the statistical power of major gene detection but also improves the precision and accuracy of major gene effect estimates. An example of the plant height and the number of tiller of F2 population in rice cross Duonieai x Zhonghua 11 was used in the illustration. The results indicated that the genetic difference of these two traits in this cross refers to only one pleiotropic major gene. The additive effect and dominance effect of the major gene are estimated as -21.3 and 40.6 cm on plant height, and 22.7 and -25.3 on number of tiller, respectively. The major gene shows overdominance for plant height and close to complete dominance for number of tillers.     

社会工作专业教育的若干问题研究

近20年来，随着社会主义市场经济体制的逐步确立，社会工作专业教育在中国大陆获得了快速发展。在简单回顾社会工作教育在中国的发展历程的基础上，剖析了社会工作教育在发展中的主要问题，提出了几点不太成熟的看法和建议。     

浅析农业院校英语专业人才培养目标的定位

随着中国高校英语专业数量的不断增加,英语专业学生就业压力越来越大.毕业于农业院校英语专业的学生在这激烈的就业竞争中,明显处于劣势.因此,农业院校英语专业应准确定位本校的英语专业人才培养目标,改进人才培养模式,培养适应地方经济发展需要的复合型英语人才.本文详细阐述了我国制定的英语专业人才培养目标,分析了英语专业人才培养目标与农业院校办学宗旨的关系,指出了基于农业院校特点的英语专业人才培养目标的内涵.     

Developing high throughput quantitative PCR assays for diagnosing Ikeda and other Theileria orientalis types common to New Zealand in bovine blood samples

AIMS: To develop rapid, quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays using high resolution melt (HRM) analysis and type-specific TaqMan assays for identifying the prevalent types of Theileria orientalis found in New Zealand cattle; and to evaluate their analytical and diagnostic characteristics compared with other assays for T. orientalis.

METHODS: Nucleotide sequences aligned with T. orientalis Buffeli, Chitose and Ikeda types, obtained from DNA extracted from blood samples from infected cattle, were used to design HRM and type-specific probe-based qPCR assays. The three type-specific assays were also incorporated into a single-tube multiplex qPCR assay. These assays were validated using DNA extracted from blood samples from cattle in herds with or without clinical signs of T. orientalis infection, other veterinary laboratory samples, as well as plasmids containing T. orientalis type-specific sequences. Diagnostic specificity (DSp) and sensitivity (DSe) estimates for the qPCR assays were compared to blood smear piroplasm results, and other PCR assays for T. orientalis. Copy number estimates of Ikeda DNA in blood were determined from cattle exhibiting anaemia using the Ikeda-specific qPCR assay.

RESULTS: The T. orientalis type-specific and the HRM qPCR assays displayed 100% analytical specificity. The Ikeda-specific qPCR assay exhibited linearity (R²?=?0.997) with an efficiency of 94.3%. Intra-assay CV were ≤0.08 and inter-assay CV were ≤0.095. For blood samples from cows with signs of infection with T. orientalis, the DSp and DSe of the multiplex probe qPCR assay were 93 and 96%, respectively compared with blood smears, and 97 and 100%, respectively compared with conventional PCR assays. For the Ikeda-specific qPCR assay, the number of positive samples (n=66) was slightly higher than a conventional PCR assay (n=64). The concentration of Ikeda genomes in blood samples from 41 dairy cows with signs of infection with T. orientalis ranged between 5.6?×?10⁴ and 3.3?×?10⁶ genomes per µL of blood.

CONCLUSIONS: All qPCR assays had improved specificity and sensitivity over existing conventional PCR assays for diagnosis of T. orientalis Ikeda. The burden of Ikeda DNA in blood was demonstrated using an Ikeda-specific qPCR assay with titrated synthetic gene target.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Adoption of high-throughput DNA extraction and qPCR reduced T. orientalis and Ikeda diagnosis times. The Ikeda-specific qPCR assay provides a specific diagnosis for Ikeda in animals with signs of infection with T. orientalis and can be used to monitor the parasite load of Ikeda in blood.