权益资本成本的行业特征研究

以2004~2011年沪深A股上市公司为样本,研究权益资本成本的行业差异以及行业特征对权益资本成本的影响。研究发现：行业门类层面和制造业次类层面的权益资本成本差异显著,这种差异在时序上较为稳定。行业竞争程度越低,权益资本成本越小,体现了产品市场竞争的特质性风险效应,行业收益波动和行业成长性分别对权益资本成本产生显著的正向影响和负向影响。企业会计准则的改革强化了行业因素对权益资本成本的影响。     

我国林业信息化标准建设现状

加强林业信息化建设是目前我国林业发展进程中的重大举措，加快林业信息化标准建设是林业信息化建设的基础。文章介绍了国外林业信息化标准建设的情况，阐述我国林业标准的发展历程，围绕国家林业局在“十一五”期间开展的林业公益性行业科研专项项目，从行业标准和地方标准2方面对森林资源管理信息化标准建设进行综述，同时与农业信息化标准建设现状进行了比较。提出目前我国林业信息化标准建设存在的问题和不足，并对今后的发展进行了展望。     

竹材利用标准及其国际标准化的需要

文章阐明了制定竹材利用标准的意义、原则和思路,分析了我国竹材利用标准的现状,并对标准所涉及的内容进行了描述。通过与印度竹材物理力学性质标准的对比,和试验验证加载速度对竹材力学性质测试结果的影响,指出了我国竹材利用标准的不足及竹材利用标准的国际标准化的需要。     

2003年11月国际动物疫情

综述了2003年11月世界动物卫生组织(OIE)通报的国际动物疫情.     

土壤环境质量指导值与标准研究 Ⅱ.污染土壤的健康风险评估

快速城市化进程与工业发展，使得土壤污染日益严重。污染物进入土壤后，经水、气、生物等介质传输，通过饮水、呼吸、饮食、皮肤吸收等途径引起人体暴露，带来健康风险。污染土壤健康风险评估是制定土壤环境质量标准的基础，是一项新的环境管理技术与手段。我国污染土壤的健康风险评估还非常欠缺，为了推动其发展，本文讨论了其研究进展、方法、存在问题与发展趋势。当前，还缺乏准确定量的风险表征方法，评估过程中还具有较大不确定性。污染土壤的健康风险评估正在向多介质、多途径以及多种污染物暴露的方向发展，模型模拟的方法将会得到更多的应用。为了建立准确定量风险评估方法，在未来研究中需要加强对风险评估相关机理研究。这包括污染物的迁移传输规律、污染物的剂量一效应关系和人群生活方式等。     

DRIS norms and limiting nutrients in banana cultivation in the South of Ecuador

Abstract

Foliar analysis is an effective method to diagnose the nutritional status of plants. However, the mineral concentration in foliar tissue has traditionally been evaluated by assessing the activity of each element, without considering the interactions between them. To address this, dual interactions were calculated using the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) to identify which crop nutrients are most influential in nutrient imbalances and which are the most limiting nutrients for the nutritional status of banana crops in Ecuador. To achieve this, a regional survey of the nutritional status and its productivity levels was conducted for 188 different sites during the crop season in 2017–2018, involving banana cultivars ‘Vallery’ and ‘Williams’, from the Cavendish subgroup. The DRIS calculation method was combined with Beaufils and Jones functions. From the initial 188 foliar samples, 83 samples (representing 44% of the population) were considered to represent the high-yield reference population, with yields of 38–60 t ha^?1. The DRIS method defined the mean nutritional balance index, which was not found to be statistically correlated (p?>?0.05) with productivity, revealing that there was no significant association with the nutritional status of the plants. Specific DRIS norms were obtained and indicated that deficiencies in K, N, Ca, and Fe, and excesses in Mn, B, Cl, Zn, S, Cu, and Mg were the most limiting nutrients for banana cultivars in the south of Ecuador.     

电子政务环境下的档案信息特点及其管理初探

随着信息技术的发展,电子政务建设也在快速发展。本文根据我国电子政务和档案信息化建设的现状及电子政务环境下的档案信息特点,描述了档案信息管理的各种模式,并对档案信息管理的人才要求、网络建设标准、信息安全等问题提出了自已的见解。     

乡村振兴视域下农村道德建设问题及路径探索

乡村振兴离不开乡村道德建设水平的提升.当前部分农村地区道德建设存在着良风美俗遗落、家庭伦理异化、乡土情怀渐失等问题.这些问题的产生是经济社会快速发展和乡村道德建设缺位共同作用的结果.要解决这些问题,需要从内部优化和外部约束两个维度共同着手,重塑农村伦理道德准绳,形成高效的组织体系,创新工作开展方法,强化法律约束和制度保障,在常抓不懈中提升农村道德建设水平.     

The social construction of production externalities in contemporary agriculture: Process <Emphasis Type="Italic">versus</Emphasis> product standards as the basis for defining “organic”

The analysis distinguishes two types of standards for defining organic produce; process standards and product standards. Process standards define organic products by the method and means of production. Product standards define organic by the physical quality of the end product. The National Organic Program (NOP) uses process standards as the basis for defining organic. However, the situation is complicated by agricultural production practices, which sometimes result in the migration of NOP prohibited substances from conventional to organic fields. When this interaction alters the value of the product or the costs of production, a production externality is said to exist. Defining organic using process, rather than product standards, influences the burden and character of production externalities. The NOPs emphasis on process standards reduces the likelihood that production externalities will emerge.B. James Deaton is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Business and Agricultural Economics, University of Guelph, Canada. His research examines environmental and natural resource issues. He is particularly interested in the manner in which laws, rules, and standards influence environmental quality, natural resource use, and economic development. Additional research examines the relationship between different forms of private property and economic development, public support for various criteria used to preserve farmland, and the social construction of production externalities in agriculture. Prior to his PhD training, he worked on economic development projects in Lesotho (Southern Africa) and the Appalachian region of eastern Kentucky.John P. Hoehn is a Professor of Environmental and Natural Resource Economics in the Department of Agricultural Economics, Michigan State University. His teaching and research activities address environmental and natural resource policies, benefit-cost analysis of environmental improvements, methods for valuing non-market goods, improved institutions for protecting, managing, and using environmental resources, and the economics of ecological resources. He teaches core courses in the departmental and university-wide graduate programs in environmental and resource economics.     

稻粒黑粉病病穗率与病粒率的关系及其分级标准研究

利用田间调查的数据，分析了稻粒黑粉病病穗率与病粒率的关系和发生程度的分级标准。结果表明，病穗率与病粒率的关系以指数函数拟合较好；在病穗率小于８０％左右时可以用直线方程拟合。病害发生程度可分为５级。