长输原油管道设计方案评价研究

以"广义管道优化设计方法"思路建立了管道优化设计体系和管道优化设计方案评价体系。采用熵权多目标决策法对管道优化方案集进行了评价,以达到优中选优的目的。采用摄动设计变量法对管道优化模型进行灵敏度分析,并将变化的减阻剂和能源价格在模型中作为设计变量处理,以实现高效率的灵敏度分析。     

杭嘉湖水网平原农业非点源污染的综合调查和评价

首次对杭嘉湖水网平原地区开展了农业非点源污染的详细分类调查,并采用等标排放量的评价方法对各污染源进行了综合评价.结果表明,畜禽粪尿污染、乡镇生活污染和地表径流污染对水体污染的负荷贡献率分别为43.81%、29.91%和22.43%,是制约该区农业和环境可持续发展的三大关键污染因子.     

国际杂交稻观察圃优异资源的初步评价

对国际水稻研究所提供的 70个优异水稻品种 (组合 )进行了适应性种植试验 ,对其中表现较好的 3 7份材料的主要农艺性状作了初步评价     

基于信息熵的蛋白质二级结构预测算法的准确性研究

通过分析信息熵的概念内涵,提出基于信息熵的蛋白质二级结构预测算法的准确性评价方法,与现有方法相比,这种方法更全面,不仅能确定假阳性率,假阴性率,还能确定预测值与实际值之间的不确定性的减少量即预测值与实际值之间的互信息.     

四种草坪草对干旱胁迫的反应及抗旱性评价

以大穗结缕草、沟叶结缕草、普通狗牙根和百慕大4种草坪草为材料,对其干旱胁迫过程中生理指标进行了研究,并采用隶属函数法对其抗旱性进行比较,以期为我国干旱和半干旱地区草坪草的栽培提供试验依据。结果表明：叶片相对含水量（RWC）在胁迫15d时比对照降低、而相对电导率（REC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活...     

高效农业的绩效化评价与研究

发展高效农业不仅是解决我国人多地少、农民增产不增收的重要途径,而且也是实现传统农业改造,向现代化农业过度的基本要求.文章依据多目标综合评价方法的原理制订了高效农业绩效综合评价框架,利用自建的模型对寿光和杨凌示范区高效农业绩效进行了评价.     

宁夏引黄灌区退水水质评价研究

针对宁夏引黄灌区退水对地表水体的污染问题,运用灰色聚类法对宁夏灵武试验区西大沟的2个监测断面水质进行了评价.结果表明,灌区退水中氮、磷质量分数超标严重,退水水质受养殖污染、灌水、农业上过量使用化肥等方面的综合影响.应从源头控制入手,通过降低化肥使用量、代替以有机肥和生物肥、调整和优化农村产业结构、发展绿色农业及生态农业...     

GIS支持下的浠水县林地适宜性评价及林种结构调整研究

选取海拔、坡度、坡向、土层厚度和土壤类型5项因子,应用GIS技术对浠水县林地适宜性及林种结构调整方式进行了研究。结果表明,在浠水县63 054 hm2的参评土地中,最适宜林地占48.7%,适宜林地占33.0%,勉强适宜林地占17.5%,不适宜林地仅占0.8%。其中3,905 hm2大于25°的坡耕地5、792 hm2未利用滩地及302 hm2的荒草地均为最适宜和适宜林地,应通过实施退耕还林和荒山(荒滩)造林尽快充分利用。根据不同林种对立地条件及林地适宜度等级的要求,浠水县林业用地可增加经济林面积2 699 hm2、特用林面积6 378 hm2、防护林面积13 122 hm2,减少用材林面积11 797 hm2,通过林种结构调整可使生态公益林所占比例由调整前的8.3%提高到37.8%,从而充分合理地利用林地资源、改善林种结构,为浠水县比较完备的林业生态体系和比较发达的林业产业体系的建立奠定基础。     

汶川地震重灾区土壤侵蚀敏感性评价

以通用土壤流失方程为基础,选择降雨侵蚀力、土壤可蚀性、地形起伏度、植被覆盖自然因子作为土壤侵蚀敏感性的评价指标,根据汶川地震重灾区自然环境特征,制定评价指标的分级标准,在GIS技术支持下生成单因子敏感性评价图,在此基础上基于ArcGIS的空间叠加分析功能,完成单因子的叠加运算,从而实现土壤侵蚀敏感性综合评价。结果表明:研究区土壤侵蚀敏感性以高度敏感和中度敏感为主,轻度敏感次之,不敏感和极敏感所占比例较小。空间上土壤侵蚀敏感性呈块状不连续分布,但侵蚀敏感性区域又相对集中,分布特征与地貌类型关系较大。针对不同的土壤侵蚀敏感等级,提出了相应的水土保持对策。     

Determination of comprehensive quality index for tomato and its response to different irrigation treatments

In order to investigate better irrigation scheduling with the compromise between yield and quality of greenhouse-grown tomato under limit water supply, two experiments of different irrigation treatments were conducted in the arid region of northwest China during spring to summer in 2008 (2008 season) and winter in 2008 to summer in 2009 (2008-2009 season). After measuring single quality attributes, the analysis hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) were used to determine the weight of single quality attributes and comprehensive quality index, respectively. The results show that the rank of comprehensive quality index had good fitness to that of single quality attributes, indicating that the comprehensive quality index was reliable. Compared to full irrigation, applying 1/3 or 2/3 of full irrigation amount at the seedling stage had slight improvement of comprehensive quality and limit water saving. Applying 1/3 or 2/3 of full irrigation amount at the fruit maturation and harvesting stage decreased the yield by 23.0-40.9%, but had the best comprehensive quality. However, applying 1/3 of full irrigation amount at the flowering and fruit development stage significantly reduced crop water consumption and had obvious improvement of comprehensive quality, but did not decrease the yield significantly and water use efficiency in the 2008 season. And applying 2/3 of full irrigation amount at the flowering and fruit development stage significantly decreased crop water consumption and slightly improved the comprehensive quality, but did not decrease the yield significantly in the 2008-2009 season. Considering the water saving amount, yield and comprehensive quality, applying 1/3 or 2/3 of full irrigation amount at the flowering and fruit development stage and no water stress in other growth stages appears to be a better irrigation scheduling with the compromise between yield and quality of greenhouse-grown tomato, which can be recommended for the spring to summer and winter to summer seasons in the arid region of northwest China.