消毒剂和复合肥对连作设施番茄产量和品质的影响

试验结果表明,在一定用量范围内,施用消毒剂和复合肥均可以提高连作设施番茄产量,改善其品质,两者配合施用表现出良好的加合效应,比单独施用消毒剂或复合肥中的任何一种增产等效果都好。试验条件下,施用消毒剂和复合肥的最佳用量范围是300～450kg/hm2。     

城市污泥、垃圾复混肥对油菜产量及土壤肥力性状的影响

利用盆栽试验,研究了不同配方城市生活垃圾和污泥研制的粒状有机无机复混肥料对油菜产量、品质以及对土壤肥力性状的影响,结果表明:施用污泥和垃圾复混肥料后,油菜产量、叶绿素含量,土壤有机质含量都有明显提高,其中以复混肥W1和L1的肥效最好,均达显著水平。土壤中铜含量高于对照,达显著水平,但在安全范围之内;镉、铅差异不显著。这与垃圾、污泥本身有机质含量较高和试材中铜含量高相符合。施用污泥、垃圾复混肥可显著提高油菜的产量,提高土壤肥力,合理施用不会造成土壤或产品污染。     

对抗生素替代品的研究

本文简要地论述了近些年来抗生素替代品的研究情况,主要包括：益生茵、化学益生素、酸化剂、微生物培养物、鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白和中草药添加剂。     

畜禽益生菌研究方向的思考

作为最具潜力替代抗生素生物制剂之一的益生菌,一直备受人们关注。为了全面精准挖掘益生菌的功能作用,本文在众多学者的研究基础上,系统梳理并概括了益生菌未来研究的六个方面,旨在为益生菌后续深层次探索提供参考,更好推动畜牧业的高质量发展。     

奶山羊乳房炎防治关键技术

富平县是中国奶山羊之乡,羊乳之都,千亿级奶山羊产业链的主战场。全县奶山羊存栏 82 万只,全县 16 个镇（街道办）都有养殖,其中 主要集中在刘集镇、流曲镇、齐村镇、到贤镇、东华街道办、 留古镇等。全县乳品加工企业 6 家,为奶山羊产业提供了强有力的支撑。随着奶 山羊产业链的不断延伸和升级,奶山羊存栏量不断上升。由于存栏的增加,奶山羊乳房炎发病数较多,对产业影响较大。为了做到“早发现、 早治疗、早处置、早预防”奶山羊乳房炎,笔者就奶山羊乳房炎的发生机理和防治技术做了临床研究,取得了较好的防治效果,现分享如下。     

红枣魔芋果冻产品的工艺探究

本试验以浸提后所得的红枣汁为原料,柠檬酸和蔗糖为辅料,用琼脂、卡拉胶、魔芋精粉按照一定的比例复配而成的混合凝胶剂,研究生产口感独特、营养丰富的红枣魔芋复合果冻的最佳配方。以复合胶的添加量、蔗糖的添加量、氯化钾的添加量、红枣汁浓度为影响因素,以感官评分为评定指标,通过正交试验确定红枣魔芋果冻的最优工艺条件。结果表明：红枣魔芋复合果冻的最佳配方为复合胶的添加量为1.8%,蔗糖的添加量为10%,氯化钾的添加量为0.07%,红枣汁浓度为13%,各因素对最终产品质量影响因素大小为复合胶添加量＞红枣汁浓度＞蔗糖量用量＞氯化钾用量。通过该配方研制出的红枣魔芋复合果冻口感独特,具有较高的营养价值。     

Fishery Wastes as a Yet Undiscovered Treasure from the Sea: Biomolecules Sources,Extraction Methods and Valorization

The search for new biological sources of commercial value is a major goal for the sustainable management of natural resources. The huge amount of fishery by-catch or processing by-products continuously produced needs to be managed to avoid environmental problems and keep resource sustainability. Fishery by-products can represent an interesting source of high added value bioactive compounds, such as proteins, carbohydrates, collagen, polyunsaturated fatty acids, chitin, polyphenolic constituents, carotenoids, vitamins, alkaloids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, toxins; nevertheless, their biotechnological potential is still largely underutilized. Depending on their structural and functional characteristics, marine-derived biomolecules can find several applications in food industry, agriculture, biotechnological (chemical, industrial or environmental) fields. Fish internal organs are a rich and underexplored source of bioactive compounds; the fish gut microbiota biosynthesizes essential or short-chain fatty acids, vitamins, minerals or enzymes and is also a source of probiotic candidates, in turn producing bioactive compounds with antibiotic and biosurfactant/bioemulsifier activities. Chemical, enzymatic and/or microbial processing of fishery by-catch or processing by-products allows the production of different valuable bioactive compounds; to date, however, the lack of cost-effective extraction strategies so far has prevented their exploitation on a large scale. Standardization and optimization of extraction procedures are urgently required, as processing conditions can affect the qualitative and quantitative properties of these biomolecules. Valorization routes for such raw materials can provide a great additional value for companies involved in the field of bioprospecting. The present review aims at collecting current knowledge on fishery by-catch or by-products, exploring the valorization of their active biomolecules, in application of the circular economy paradigm applied to the fishery field. It will address specific issues from a biorefinery perspective: (i) fish tissues and organs as potential sources of metabolites, antibiotics and probiotics; (ii) screening for bioactive compounds; (iii) extraction processes and innovative technologies for purification and chemical characterization; (iv) energy production technologies for the exhausted biomass. We provide a general perspective on the techno-economic feasibility and the environmental footprint of the production process, as well as on the definition of legal constraints for the new products production and commercial use.     

磷-氮-硼复合阻燃剂在中密度纤维板中的应用

研究了以脒基脲磷酸盐(GUP)为主体的磷-氮-硼复合阻燃剂在纤维板中的应用.在阻燃剂的用量上结合改性胶黏剂的作用,克服了板材理化性能的不足,达到了GB/T11718-2009的基本要求,并实现产业化生产.     

实践型·复合型食品学科研究生的培养模式探讨

为培养迎合食品学科发展与食品行业所需的实践型、复合型研究生,就现阶段食品专业研究生培养在课程体系、教学模式、考核评定体系、实验室管理、联合培养等方面面临的问题进行了探讨,并提出相应的解决方案,旨在为我国食品专业研究生培养提供相应的依据。     

水稻—毛豆—草莓高效复合种植模式

为了确保草莓的高产、优质、高效种植,同时缓解近年来因生产规模急剧扩增导致的连作重茬问题,高邮市农委开展了水稻—毛豆—草莓高效复合种植模式的研究。采取水旱轮作方式防控连作障碍;利用毛豆根系的固氮功能以地养地,使水稻、草莓2季种植自然顺利地衔接起来;三者轮作还有效均衡地利用了土壤养分,减轻了土传病害的发生,对水生与旱生杂草均有明显抑制作用;使土地利用率得以提高,水稻、草莓的产量和品质明显提升,更增加了土壤有机质,实现了粮经菜安全生产供应。